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tation must be kept in view — “ h is related to S. The 
Egyptian Som has the same value, and with this the Teu- 
tonic Sommer. Sommer has some connection through Sun, 
Sonne.” This helps us to bridge over some of the ground 
to be seen. 
Sayce’s Assyrian Vocabulary was then consulted in order 
to see if an Assyrian or Accadian origin could be found for 
the word. No Accadian word of the kind was found. We 
are then guided to Semitic Assyrian, which has — 
Samsu, the sun. 
Samu, the heavens. 
Samas, the sun-god. 
Khamsa, fire. 
Khamdu, light. 
The word then had full force in the East beyond Egypt. 
The examination of metals, dyeing, colour making, and 
distilling seem decidedly to be referable to Egypt. Distil- 
lation leads to alcohol readily, when juices of plants contain- 
ing sugar are used, and still more so when sugar is added. 
In Egypt there were drinks of great potency, but 
the fullest idea seems to have grown in this direction in 
Asia, where the Kh or Ch was much softened into h, and 
converted into S. This is done by laws not to be examined 
here, but received from those who have studied the tongues 
of the regions under view (see the quotation from Bunsen). 
The study of intoxicating liquors was carried out more 
fully in Asia, where mysticism was most prevalent. It is 
probable that the love of the spiritual, the unseen, and the 
immortal, was among some tribes at an early period con- 
nected with intoxicating substances. This itself is a great 
field of historic enquiry full of interest. 
We have seen how Kama is connected with Som, and if 
we go far East we find the great Asiatic drink Soma used 
