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The water contained a large proportion of sodium salts. 
This base however was not estimated directly, the excess 
of acids being calculated as having been combined with that 
base. 
A series of experiments were made, as follows, to decide 
how these bases and acids were combined. 
1. Saturated solutions of pure ammonium chloride and 
potassium sulphate were prepared and mixed together, an 
excess of the chloride in each experiment being used. Alco- 
hol was then added, and the resulting precipitate of sul- 
phate washed with alcohol till free from chlorides. 
2. Saturated solutions of pure ammonium sulphate and 
potassium chloride were mixed together, and the resulting 
sulphate precipitates freed from chlorides as above men- 
tioned. The sulphate in each of the two above-mentioned 
cases was found to be potassium sulphate. 
3. The same experiments were made with sodium chlo- 
ride and potassium sulphate on the one hand and sodium 
sulphate and potassium chloride on the other, and the 
resulting sulphate in both cases found to be potassium 
sulphate. 
The same experiments were made with ammonium sul- 
phate and sodium chloride on the one hand and ammonium 
chloride and sodium sulphate on the other. The resulting 
sulphate in both cases being sodium sulphate. 
5. The same experiment was made with sodium carbonate 
and potassium sulphate on the one hand and sodium sul- 
phate and potasssium carbonate on the other. The resulting 
sulphate in both cases being potassium sulphate. 
Part of the magnesium carbonate being precipitated by 
boiling some of the liquid under examination left no doubt 
as to the form in which it existed in the solution. 
From these data I have arranged the analysis of the 
sample of drainage liquid as follows : — 
