207 
during the last 20 years, and they have not failed to produce 
their effect. 
Notwithstanding the effects of overcrowding and intem- 
perance, the adult mortality of the country, owing to some 
beneficent cause or other, has on the whole slightly dimi- 
nished, but the mortality under 5 years of age has increased. 
The following table, kindly prepared for me by Mr. 
Royston, from the returns of the Registrar General, shows 
this in a striking manner — the adult mortality having 
lessened T7 per 1000, the infant mortality having increased 
1’50 per 1000 in the 15 years ending 1870. 
MOETALITY IN ENGLAND AND WALES. 
Years. 
1838 
Total Mortality 
per 1000 of 
Population. 
to [ 
22-4 ... 
1840 ) 
1841 S 
to > 
21-4 ... 
1845) 
1846 ■) 
to > 
23-35... 
1850 ) 
1851 ■) 
to >• 
22-7 .. 
1855 ) 
1856 
to > 
21-85 ^ 
I860) 
1861“) 
to > 
22-6 y 
1865) 
1866 S 
to > 
22-45 J 
1870 ) 
t> 
(M 
CO 
N 
(M 
Mortality under 5 
to Population at 
same ages. 
66-55 ‘I 
63-9 
,67-0 
69-15 
67-25 1 
69-05 y 
68-2 
CD 
CD 
CD 
CD 
CD 
iH 
do 
CO 
I think it will be acknowledged that it is not easy for 
sanitary science to struggle against the hostile forces that 
have now been enumerated. If they had not been met by 
