211 
upon lead ; but that rolling tends to increase the solvent 
action of dilute solutions of Potassium and Ammonium 
Nitrates upon lead. This conclusion applies only to ex- 
periments carried out in corked flasks. In the experiments 
performed in Beakers the conditions are complicated by the 
admission of air, and consequent more or less complete pre- 
cipitation of the soluble lead salt at first produced. 
“The Drunkenness Statistics of the Large Towns in 
England and Wales,” by J. H. Poynting, B.A., B.Sc. 
The February number of the Fortnightly Revieio contains 
an article by Mr. Chamberlain on “ Municipal Public 
Houses,” in which he incidentally combats the proposition 
that “ the multiplication of public-houses has a tendency to 
diminish intemperance.” To prove the error of this he has 
given a diagram in which the 71 towns of England and 
Wales with a population above 20,000 are arranged in order 
from Cambridge, with the greatest number of public houses in 
proportion to the population (one to every 100 persons), to 
Plymouth with the least (one to every 840 persons). 
The following table contains the towns arranged in their 
order : — 
I. Table giving the proportion of public-houses to popu- 
lation in all towns of 20,000 inhabitants and upwards in 
England and Wales for the year 1875. [From Mr. Cham- 
berlain’s article.] 
No.* 
1 Cambridge 
2 Canterbury 
3 Oxford 
4 Southampton 
6 Shrewsbury 
6 Northampton 
7 Norwich 
8 Portsmouth 
9 Reading 
10 Dover 
11 Swansea 
12 Great Yarmouth .... 
13 Worcester 
14 Hanley 
15 Coventry 
16 Scarborough 
17 Bristol 
18 Tynemouth 
19 Walsall 
20 Brighton 
21 Maidstone 
22 Colchester 
23 Newport, Mon 
24 Wolverhampton .... 
* The numbers of the 
1 in 
100 
100 
no 
no 
no 
120 
120 
120 
120 
130 
130 
130 
130 
130 
130 
130 
140 
140 
140 
140 
140 
140 
140 
140 
No.* 1 in 
25 Derby 140 
26 Ipswich 140 
27 Manchester 140 
28 Salford 150 
29 Chester 150 
30 Blackburn 150 
31 Gravesend 150 
32 Leamington 150 
33 Newcastle-on-Tyne.. 150 
34 Sheffield 160 
35 York 160 
36 Nottingham 160 
37 Lincoln 160 
38 Bath 170 
39 Leicester 170 
40 Sunderland 170 
41 Ashton-under-Lyne . 170 
42 Wakefield 170 
43 Macclesfield 170 
44 Preston ISO 
45 Hull 180 
46 South Shields 180 
47 Birmingham 180 
48 Dewsbury 180 
No.* 1 in 
49 Wigan 190 
50 Rochdale 190 
51 Hastings 190 
52 Great Grimsby .... 190 
53 Staly bridge 190 
54 Stockport 190 
55 Oldham 190 
56 Bolton 200 
57 Liverpool 200 
58 Birkenhead 200 
59 Devonport 200 
60 Gateshead 200 
61 Carlisle 210 
62 Cardiff 220 
63 Warrington 230 
64 Halifax 230 
65 Exeter 230 
66 Huddersfield 240 
67 Leeds . . 240 
68 Bradford 260 
69 Southport 270 
70 Middlesborough. . .. 300 
71 Plymouth 340 
towns are those by which they are denoted in Figs. I., II., Ill, 
