I 
Ikde appearing in October, at a feafon when there is a 
fcarcity of other flowers, renders it more valuable. 
This fort is propagated by feeds, as alfo by parting 
of the roots •, the latter method is commonly practifed 
in England, be'caufe there are few autumns fo favour- 
able as to ripen the feeds : but the feeds are frequent- 
■ ly brought from North America, where this plant is 
very common ; for being light, they are eafily wafted 
about to a great diftance, where they come to matu- 
rity j fo that where there are any plants growing, all 
the adjoining land is filled with the feeds of them. 
The beft time for planting and tranfplanting the roots 
of this plant, is in autumn, foon after their ftalks de- 
cay, that they may have good root before the drying 
winds come on, otherwife they will not flower ftrong, 
or make a good increafe. The roots fliould be allowed 
three feet room every way, for as they fpread and in- 
creafe very much, fo when they are cramped for 
room, the plants ftarve, and in dry feafons their leaves 
1 Will hang. They delight in a rich moiftfoil and open 
fituation,wheretheywillproduce manyftalks fromeach 
root, whicn will grow fo large as to form aconiiderable 
brulh. This plant will bear the fevereft cold in winter. 
A G E R AT Li M, or MAUDLIN. See Achillea. 
AGERATUM PURPUREUM. See Erinus. 
AGNUS CASTUS. See Vitex. 
AGRIFOLIUM. See Ilex. 
AGRIMONI A. Lin. Gen. Plant. 534. Agrimony. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is of one leaf which is cut 
into five acute fegments , and reft s on the germen. The 
flower has five petals , which are plain and indented at their 
extremity , but are narrow at their bafe , where they are 
inferted in the empalement. In the center arifes a double 
ftyle , refling on the germen , which is attended by twelve 
fender ftamina, which are crowned with double compreffed 
fummits. After the flower is paft , the germen becomes two 
roundifh feeds faftened to the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged by Dr. Linnmus in 
the fecond feftion of his eleventh clafs, entitled Do- 
decandria digynia, the flowers having twelve ftamina 
and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1 . Agrimonia ( Eupatoria ) foliis caulinis pinnatis impari 
petiolato, frutfibus hifpidis. Hort. Cliff. The common 
Agrimony. Agrimonia oflicinarum. Tourn. 
2. Agrimonia {Minor) foliis caulinis pinnatis, foliolis 
obtufis dentatis. The white Agrimony. Agrimonia 
minor flore albo. Hort. Cath. 
3. Agrimonia ( Odorata ) altiflima, foliis caulinis pin- 
natis foliolis oblongis acutis ferratis. The fweet-fcented 
Agrimony. Agrimonia odorata. Camer. 
4. Agrimonia' {Repens) foliis caulinis pinnatis, impari 
feflili, frudtibus hifpidis. Lin. Sp. 643. Eaftern Agri- 
mony with pinnated leaves and a thick creeping root. A- 
grimonia orientalis humilis radice craffiffima repente 
frudtu in fpicam brevem & denfam congefto. Tourn. 
Cor. 
5. Agrimonia (. Agrimonoides ) foliis caulinis ternatis fruc- 
tibus glabris. Hort. Cliff. 179. Three leaved Agrimony 
with fmooth fruit. Agrimonoides Col. Echpr. 
The firft fort grows naturally in feveral parts of Eng- 
land, by the fides of hedges, and in woods. This 
is the fort which is commonly ufed in medicine, and 
is brought to the markets by thofe who gather herbs 
in the fields. 
The fecond fort is the fmalleft of all the fpecies •, the 
leaves of this have not fo many pinnae as the common 
fort, and the pinnae are rounder, and the indentures 
on their edges blunter. The fpike of flowers is Ren- 
der, and the flowers fmaller, and of a dirty white co- 
lour. This fort grows naturally in Italy, from whence 
I received the feeds, and have conftantly found that 
the feeds of this when fown never vary. 
The third fort grows near four feet high the leaves of 
this have more pinns than either of the former, which 
ai e longer and narrower, ending in acute points ; the 
ferratures of the leaves are fharper than any of the 
other, and’ when handled emit an agreeable odour. 
The leaves of this fort make an agreeable cooling tea, 
which is a very good beverage for perfons in a fever, 
in which diforder I have known it often prefcribed by 
good phyficians. 
The fourth fort is of humble growth, feldom riling 
above two feet high •, the pinna; of its leaves are 
longer and narrower than either of the former, and 
the fpikes of flowers very fhort and thick. The roots 
of this are very thick, and fpread widely under ground, 
by which it multiplies fatter than either of the other - 
the feeds are alfo much larger and rougher than thofe 
of the common fort. This was fent by Dr. Tourne- 
fort to the royal garden at Paris, and from thence the 
other botanic gardens have been fupplied with them. 
The fifth fort greatly refembles the other in the fliape 
of its pinnse (or fmaller leaves) but there are but three 
upon each foot-ftalk the flower of this hath a double 
empalement, the outer one being fringed. There 
are but feven or eight ftamina in each flower, and the 
feeds are fmooth, for which reafon Fabius Columna, 
and other writers on botany, have feparated it from 
the Agrimony, making it a diftincft genus. 
All thefe forts are hardy perennial plants, which will 
thrive in almoft any foil or fituation, and require no 
other care but to keep them clear from weeds. They 
may be propagated by parting of their roots, which 
ftiould be done in autumn, when their leaves begin 
to decay, that the plants may be well eftablifhed be- 
fore the fpring. They fhould not be planted nearer 
than two feet, that their root;s may have room to 
fpread. They may alfo be propagated by feeds, which 
fhould be fown in autumn, for if they are kept out of 
the ground till fpring, they feldom come up the fame 
feafon. 
AGROSTEMMA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 516. Wild 
Lychnis or Campion. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is permanent , of one leaf 
which is tubulous , thick , and cut into five narrow feg- 
ments at the edge •, the floiver is compofed of five petals , 
which are the length of the tube , but fpread open at the 
top. In the center is fituated an oval germen fupporting 
five ftyles , which are /lender, ere A, and crowned with 
fimple ftigma. Thefe are attended by ten ftamina , five of 
which are inferted in the bafe of the petals , and the others 
ft and alternately between : after the flower is paft, the ger- 
men becomes an oval oblong capfule, having one cell open- 
ing into five divifions , which is filled with angular feeds. 
This genus of plants is by Dr. Linnteus ranged in 
the fifth feflion of his tenth clafs, entitled Decandria 
pentagynia, the flowers of this divifion having ten fta- 
mina and five ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Agrostemma ( Githago ) hirfuta calycibus corollam 
tequantibus petalis integris nudis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 435. 
Hairy wild Lychnis, whofe empalement is equal with the 
corolla , and the petals entire and naked, commonly called 
Corn Campion. Lychnis fegetum major. C. B. P. 
2. Agrostemma ( Celirofa ) glabra foliis linearirianceola- 
tis petalis emarginatis coronatis. Hort. Upfal. 115. 
Smooth wild Campion with narrow fpcar-fhaped leaves, 
and the petals of the flowers indented at their brim. Lych- 
nis foliis glabris calyce duriore. Bocc. Sic. 27. 
3. Agrostemma {Coronaria) tomentofa foliis ovato-lan- 
ceolatis, petalis integris coronatis. Hort. Upfal. 1 1 5. 
The fingle Rofe Campion. Lychnis coronaria Diofcori- 
dis fativa. C. B. P. 203. 
4. Agrostemma {Flos Jovis) tomentofa petalis emargi- 
natis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 436. Umbelliferous Mountain Cam- 
pion. Lychnis umbellifera montana Helvetica. Zan. 
Hift. 128. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the com fields in moft 
parts of England, fo is feldom admitted into gardens. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Sicily, and being 
a plant of little beauty, is only preferved in botanic 
gardens for the fake of variety. 
The fingle Rofe Campion has been long an inhabitant 
of the Englifh gardens, where, by its feed having 
fcattered, it is become a kind of weed. There are 
three varieties of this plant, one with deep red, another 
with flefh-coloured, and a third with white flowers, 
7 but 
J 
