12. Achillea {Nana) foliis pinnatis dentatis hirfutiffi- 
mis floribus giomerato urnbeilatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
2671. Hoary Alpine Milfoil , with a fipecicus fewer. 
13. Achillea ( Nobilis ) foliis bipinnatis, inferioribus mi- 
dis plants, fuperioribus obtufis tomentofis corymbis 
convexis confertiffimis. Lin. Sp. 126S. Noble of Sweet 
Milfoil. 
14. Achillea {Alpina) foliis lanceolatis dentato-ferratis 
dentiqulatis tenuiffime ferratis.- Hort. Cliff. 413. Al- 
pifie Sneezwort with leaves deeply ferrated , commonly called 
' White Maudlin. 
The firft fort here enumerated, is the common Yar- 
row or Milfoil, which grows naturally on banks and 
by the Tides of foot-paths in moft parts of England, 
fo is rarely allowed a place in gardens •, but being an 
officinal plant, it is here mentioned to introduce the 
others. Of this there is a variety with purple flowers, 
which is frequently found wild in England; but the 
plants feidom continue to produce purple flowers 
long, when they are tranfplanted into gardens. The 
Yarrow creeps greatly by its roots, and alfo multiplies 
by feeds, fo that it becomes a troublefome weed, where 
it is permitted to grow. 
The third fort is often planted in gardens for the fake 
of variety. This is of humble growth, feidom riling 
more than eight or nine inches high. The leaves* are 
finely cut, and are very hoary ; the flowers are of 
a bright yellow colour, and continue long in beauty. 
It grows naturally in the fouth of France, Spain, and 
Italy, but will live in the open air in England. It is 
. increafed by parting of the roots, the bell time for 
which is in Obtober. 
The fourth, fifth, feventh, and ninth forts, are na- 
tives in the illands of the Archipelago. Thefe were 
introduced into France by Dr. Tournefort. The ninth 
fort hath very hoary leaves, which remain all the year; 
and the plants growing clofe and low, make a pretty 
appearance at all feafons. The flowers are produced 
in umbels on the top of the ftalks, which are yel- 
low; thefe appear in June, July, Auguft,' and Sep- 
tember, and are of long duration, fo that frequently 
fo'me of them continue the greater part of the winter. 
This fort muft have a dry foil and a warm fituation, 
where it will endure the cold of our ordinary winters 
in the open air, but in very fevere froft they are often 
deftroyed; a few plants therefore ought to be ffiel- 
tered under a frame in winter, to preferve the kind. 
It is propagated by flips, which may be taken off and 
planted in a ffiady border, any time in fummer, when 
they will take root in about fix weeks, and then may 
be tranfplanted either into pots, or the borders where 
they are to remain. This fort rarely perfebts its feeds 
in England. 
The fourth, fifth, and feventh forts, are of taller 
growth, propagating by their roots, and ripening feeds 
in England, fo that they may be obtained in plenty; 
and as they require little care to cultivate them, being 
hardy enough to live in the open air, they may be 
allowed aplace in gardens, where, by their hoary leaves, 
they will make a pretty diverfity; and their flowers 
continuing long, though not the moft beautiful, yet 
make a pretty contrail when intermixed with others. 
The fixth fort is a very humble plant; the foot-ftalks 
which fupport the umbels of its flowers, rarely rife 
above fix inches high. As for the flowers themfelves, 
they are near as large as thofe of the common Sneez- 
wort, white, and growing in flat umbels; thefe 
appear in June and July. The leaves of the plant 
. hate forme likenefs to thofe of the common Worm- 
wood, and arevery hoary, growing clofe to the ground, 
decaying in autumn, fo that in winter they make 
little appearance. This fpecies of Yarrow is propa- 
gated by parting of the roots, either in fpring or au- 
tumn, and fhould have a dry foil, for much wet in 
winter will rot them. It never perfebts its feeds here, 
and therefore can only be multiplied the other way. 
This 1 fort is a native of the Alps. 
The eighth fort is commonly known by the title of 
Sweet Maudlin in the markets; it was formerly more 
ufed in medicine than at prefent, fo that there is fcarce 
A C H 
any of it cultivated in the gardens for fale; and when 
it is afked for, the people in the markets commonly 
give the fourteenth fort for it, which being a very 
hardy plant, and eafily propagated,, is now generally 
fold for the other. For though the true Maudlin is 
hardy in refpebt to cold, yet in wet winters the roots 
are often killed by moifture, efpecially thofe which 
are in good ground ; but when the plants grow out of 
the joints of walls, or in rubbifh, they will live many 
years without care. There are two other varieties of 
this plant which are found growing naturally in Spain, 
one of them having longer and more compact umbels 
of flowers, and the other hath broader leaves and 
fmaller flowers ; but thefe approaching fo near to the 
common fort in every other particular, I thought it 
would be needlefs to enumerate them as diftinbt fpe~ 
cies. The common Maudlin is propagated by parting 
of the roots, either in fpring or autumn ; and as it 
ripens feeds very well, fo it may be propagated by 
lowing the feeds in April. It flowers in June and July, 
and the feeds are ripe in September. 
The tenth fort is the common Sneezwort; this- grows 
wild in the woods and other fliady places, in many 
parts of England, fo is not admitted into gardens ; 
this creeps greatly by its roots, fo as to cover a large 
fpot of ground fooh. It is fometimes ufed in medi- 
cine, and in the fpring the young tender flioots are put 
into fallads, to correbt the coldnefs of other herbs ; 
and the roots are ufed for the tooth-ach, whence feme 
have given the title of Field Pellitory to this plant. 
There is a variety of this with double flowers, which 
is preferved in gardens, and is commonly known by 
the title of double Maudlin. When this is planted 
in pots, fo as to confine the roots from creeping, the 
ftalks will grow clofer together, and then they make 
a tolerable appearance when in flower ; but where the 
roots have full liberty to run, the ftalks grow farther 
diftant from one another, in which cafe they make 
but an indifferent appearance. It flowers in July and 
Auguft. 
The fourteenth fort has feme refemblance to the 
tenth, but the leaves are longer, deeper cut on their 
edges, and are of a darker green colour. This pro- 
pagates fall enough by its creeping root, and is very 
hardy. 
The eleventh and twelfth forts are natives of the Alps, 
and confequently very hardy; they multiply by feeds, 
and alfo by parting of their roots, and will thrive in 
almoft any foil, but love an open expofure. The ele- 
venth produces many ftalks which rife near three feet 
high, having loofe branching umbels of white flowers 
on their top, refombling thofe of the common Sneez- 
wort, but larger. The twelfth fort hath hoary leaves, 
and the umbels of its flowers are more compabt ; the 
ftalks of this do not rife more than a foot high. Both 
thefe deferve a place in gardens. 
The thirteenth fort approaches near the firft, but the 
leaves are of a pale green, and not fo long, or fo 
much cut .as thofe of the firft ; thefe have a ftrong 
fweet feent when bruifed. It is equally hardy with the 
firft, and therefore requires little culture. 
AC HR AS. See Sapota. 
ACHYRANTHES. 
The Characters are, 
'The empalement conffts of five pointed rigid leaves which 
are permayient ; the flower hath no petals ; but in the cen- 
ter of the empalement is fituated the point al, having a bifid 
fiigma , attended by five fiamina, fupporting fimall fummits. 
The point al afterward becomes a Jingle roundijh feed , in- 
ch fed in the empalement . 
The Species are, 
1. Achyranthes {Afpera) caule erecto, calycibus re- 
flexis fpicre adpreffis. FI. Zeyl. 105. Achyranthes with 
an upright Jialk , and a reflexed flower-cup. Amaranthus 
ficulus fpicatus radice perenni. Bocc. Rar. Plant. 16. 
tab. 9. 
2. Achyranthes ( Indica ) caule erecto, foliis obverse 
ovatis undulatis floribus reflexis. Achyranthes with an 
erett fialk^ obverfe oval waved leaves and reflexed flowers. 
3. Achyranthes 
