plants will flower, if they have been fkilfully rfia- 
nageci, when . they will make a fine appearance in the 
(love ; the ufual time of their flowering in England, 
is in July and Auguft, but the plants retain their 
leaves through the year, which, being of a beautiful 
green, look very well at all feafons. 
The fifth fort was difcovered by father Plumier, in 
fome of the French iilands in America, who made a 
drawing of the plant. It was afterwards found by the 
late Mr. Robert Millar, furgeon, growing plentifully 
near Carthagena, in New Spain, from whence he fent 
the feeds, which fucceeded in feveral gardens. This 
plant hath twining (talks, by which it mounts to the 
tops of very tall trees, garnifhed with (tiff, oblong, 
heart-lhaped leaves, which are frnpoth, and of a (hin- 
ing green colour, being of the fame thicknefs with 
thole of the Citron-tree. The flowers are produced 
in finall clufters from the fides of the branches, and 
are of an herbaceous colour, fo do not make any great 
appearance. Thefe appear in Auguft and September, 
but are not fucceeded by pods in this country. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in India, Ceylon, and 
upon the coafts of Guinea, from whence I have re- 
ceived the feeds. This plant rifes with a woody Item 
to the height of five or fix feet, dividing into feveral 
branches, garnilhed with oblong, pointed, fmooth 
leaves, of a (hining green above, but pale underneath, 
placed by pairs oppofite. From the wings of the 
leaves the flowers are produced in loofe bunches. 
Thefe are finall, tubulous, and of a purple colour, 
but are never fucceeded by pods in this country. It 
is a very tender plant, fo muft be conftantly kept in 
a hot-houfe, and plunged in the tan-bed, otherwife 
it will not thrive in England ; it may be propagated 
by cuttings during the fummer months, but they 
fhould be laid to dry in the (love, three or four days 
before they are planted-, for as the plants abound 
with a milky juice, fo unlefs the ends of the cuttings 
where the wounds are made, are well dried and healed 
over before they are put into the ground, they are 
very fubjeft to rot. This plant muft be fparingly 
watered, efpecially in winter, and fhould be planted 
in light fandy earth. 
The feventh fort grows naturally, in India I received 
feeds of this from Dr. Van Royen, profeflor of bo- 
tany at Leyden. This plant hath a twining (talk, by 
which it rifes to a confiderable height, garnifhed with 
oblong leaves, which are much veined, and abound 
with a milky juice, which flows out whenever they 
are broken. This plant hath not yet produced flow- 
ers in England. It is tender, fo requires to be con- 
ftantly preferved in the ftove, otherwife it will not 
thrive in this country. 
The eighth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, from 
whence the feeds were fent me by the late Dr. William 
Houfton. It hath a climbing ftalk, which faftens to 
the neighbouring trees, and rifes ten or twelve feet 
high. The leaves are oval, ftiff, and oblique to the 
foot-ftalk -, the flowers are produced from the wings 
of the leaves, of a purplifh colour, and have very 
long tubes, but fpread open wide at the top. This 
doth not produce feeds in England, nor have I been 
able to propagate it, either by layers or cuttings. It 
is tender, fo. muft conftantly remain in the ftove, and 
fhould have little water. 
The ninth fort hath a climbing woody ftalk, and rifes 
to a confiderable height, by the fupport of neigh- 
bouring trees. The leaves grow by pairs oppofite; 
they are oval, ending in a (harp point, and have many 
tranfverfe nerves from the midrib. The flowers come 
out from the wings of the leaves, each (landing upon 
a feparate long foot-ftalk ; they are large, of a bright 
yellow colour, with very long tubes, fpreading open 
wide at the top ; thefe are fucceeded by long com- 
preffed pods, which have borders on one fide filled 
with long channelled feeds, which are crowned with 
long plumes of foft down. This fort grows naturally 
at Carthagena, in New Spain, from whence I received 
the feeds. It is tender, fo will not thrive in England, 
unlefs it is conftantly preferved ifl the ftove. This is 
propagated by feeds, which muft be procured from 
the country where it grows naturally, for the feeds 
do not ripen in this country. When" the feeds are 
procured, they muft be (own in pots, and plunged 
into a hot-bed ; and when the plants come up, they 
fhould be treated in the fame manner as hath been be- 
fore dire&ed for the fourth fort. It flowers in Au- 
guft and September in England, but in its natural 
country it flowers great part of the year. 
The tenth and eleventh forts were difcovered at La 
Vera Cruz, in New Spain, by the late Dr. William 
Houfton, who lent their feeds to England. Thefe 
plants have both climbing ftalks, by which they 
mount to the tops of the tailed trees. In England 
they have climbed over the plants in the (loves, and 
then to upward of twenty feet high. The tenth fort 
has produced flowers in England feveral times, but 
the eleventh, which grows more luxuriantly than the 
other, never had any appearance of flowers. Thefe 
are both propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown 
as the fourth fort, and the plants muft be treated in 
the fame manner afterward. All thefe fpecies of 
Dogfbane abound with a milky juice, which flows 
out from any part of their ftalks or leaves when they 
are broken and this is generally fuppofed to be hurt- 
ful, if taken inwardly, for it doth not raife binders 
on the (kin, as the juice of Spurge, and other acrid 
plants, fo is not injurious unlefs inwardly taken. The 
pods of all the forts are filled with feeds, which are* 
for the mold part, cqmprefled, andiie over each other 
(imbricatim) like tiles on a houfe : thefe have each a 
long plume, of a cottony down faftened to their 
crowns, by which, when the pods are ripe and open, 
the feeds are wafted by the wind to a confiderable 
diftance ; fo that in the countries where thefe plants 
naturally grow, they are fome of the mod troubie- 
l'ome weeds. 
The down of thefe plants is in great efteem in France, 
for (luffing of eafy chairs, making very light quilts, 
which are warm, and extremely light, fo are very pro- 
per covering for perfqns afflitfted with the gout, for 
the down is fo extreme light and elaftic that it occa- 
fions no weight. This the French call Delawad, and 
in the fouthern parts of France, where fome of the 
forts will thrive in the open air, and perfefl their feeds, 
there are many plantations made of thefe plants for 
the fake of the down. 
As many of thefe forts grow plentifully in the uncul- 
tivated lands in Jamaica, this cottony down might 
be eaflly procured from thence in plenty, and might 
probably become a vendible commodity in England, 
which may turn to advantage, if once it becomes a 
faffiionable fort of furniture, efpecially as the plants 
require no cultivation, the only trouble being to col- 
led!: the down, which, in fome of the forts which have 
large pods, is produced in great quantity, fo may be 
collecled with little trouble. 
The other forts which have been ranged under this 
genus, are now referred to the following genera, to 
which the reader is defired to turn, for fuch of them 
as are not here enumerated, viz. Afclepias, Cynan- 
chum, and Periploca. 
A P P L E-T REE. See Malus. 
APPLES of Love. SeeLicoPERsicox andSoLANUM. 
APPLES (MAD). See Melongena. 
APRICOT, or ABRICOT. See Armeniaca. 
AQJJIFOLIUM. See Ilex. 
A Q U I L E G I A [called alfo Aquilina , from Aquila, L. 
an eagle, becaufe the flower refembles that bird]. 
Columbine. 
The Characters are, 
'The flower hath no empalcment , but is compofed of five 
equal oval petals , which are plain , and fpread open , 
within which are five equal nebiarii , ranged alternately 
with the petals , each efi the horns widening upward , the 
opening being oblique to the fide as it afeends , and is faft- 
ened to the receptacle within , the lower part lengthening 
gradually into a long tube , hanging by a blunt incurved 
apex. It hath many awl-Jhaped ftamina , which are crown- 
ed by oblong upright fummits , with five oval germen , fup- 
port irg 
