A Pv A ' 
This genus of plants is ranged in Linnaeus’s fifteenth 
clafs, entitled Tetradynamia Siliquofa : fo called, be- 
caufe the flowers have four ftamina longer than the 
other two, and the feeds growing in long pods. 
The Species are, 
1. Arabxs ( Thaliana ) folds petiolatis lanceolatis inte- 
gerrimis. Vir. Cliff. 64. Baftard ‘ Tower Muftard 1, with 
whole fpear-Jhaped leaves having foot -ft alks. Burfae paf- 
toris nmilis filiquofa major. C. B. P. 108. 
2. Arabis ( Alptna ) foliis amplexicaulibus dentatis. Hort. 
Cliff. 335. Bafiard Bower Muftard , with indented leaves 
embracing the ft alks. Draba alba liliquofa repens. 
C. B. P. 
3. Arabis ( Pendula ) foliis amplexicaulibus filiquis an- 
cipitibus linearibus calycibus fubpilofis. Hort. Upfal. 
1 9 1 . Bafts ard Bozver Muftard with leaves embracing the 
ft alks, narrow pods hanging two ways , and hairy flower- 
cups. Turritis latifolia hirfuta filiquis pendulis. Am- 
man. Ruth. 58. 
4. Arabis ( Burrita ) foliis amplexicaulibus filiquis de- 
curvis planis linearibus calycibus fubrugofis. Hort. 
Upfal. 192. Bafiard Bower Muftard , zvith narrow, plain, 
hanging pods , and rough flower-cups. . Leucoium hefpe- 
ridis folio. Tourn. Inft. 221. Stock Gittiflower with a 
leaf of Dame’s Violet. 
5. Arabis ( Lyrata ) foliis glabris, radicalibus lyratis, 
caulinis linearibus. Flor. Virg. 99. Baftard Bower 
Muftard with ftmooth leaves , thofe at the root lyre-Jhaped , 
but on the ft alks linear. 
6 . Arabis ( 'Canaienfis ) foliis caulinis lanceolatis dentatis 
glabris. Flor: Vug. 100. Baftard Bower Muftard, zviih 
fpear-Jhaped , indented, finooth leaves. Eruca Virginiana, 
bellidis majoris folio. Piufc. Alin. 136. 
The firft fort is a low plant, feldom rifingmore than 
four or five inches high, fending out many {hort 
branches on every fide, terminated by fmall white 
flowers growing alternately the moft part of their 
' length, each having four petals in form of a crofs, 
which are lucceeded by long flender pods filled with 
fmall round feeds. It grows naturally on fandy dry 
ground, in many parts of England. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Iftria, from whence 
I received the feeds ; it is aifo a native of the Alps, 
and many other mountainous countries. This is a 
perennial plant, which increafes by its creeping roots, 
which run obliquely near the furface of the ground, 
and fend down roots at every joint. The leaves are 
collected into heads, fpreading circularly like thofe 
of the London Pride. Thefe are oblong, whitifh, 
and indented on their edges ; out of thefe heads arife 
the flower-ftalks, which grow near a foot high, gar- 
nifned with leaves placed alternately, which are 
broader at their bale than thofe which grow below, 
and clofely embrace the ftalks : the flowers grow in 
loofe bunches on the top ; thefe are white, and have 
leaves in form of acrols, which are lucceeded by long 
fiat pods, opening lengthways, having two cells, 
which are feparated by an intermediate partition, each 
having one row of flat reddifh feeds. 
This is a very hardy plant, fo will thrive in any fi- 
tuation. It produces feeds in plenty, but as it multi- 
plies fo fait by its creeping roots, few periods are 
at the trouble to fijw the feeds. Ic flowers early in the 
fpring, and having many ftalks rifing from one root, 
they make a pretty variety in cold fituations, where 
many finer plants will not thrive, fo may have place 
in rural plantations among fhrubs, where they will 
thrive with very little care. 
The third fort grows naturally in Siberia, from whence 
the feeds were brought to Peterlburgh. This is a 
pe: ennial plant, which grows near a foot high ; the 
leaves are bread, hairy, and indented on their edges *, 
thefe clofely embrace the ftalks. The flowers grow 
alternately in loofe fpikes, and are of a dirty white 
colour. Thefe are lucceeded by long narrow pods, 
which are filled with fiat brown feeds like the former, 
but the pods of this hang downwards two ways. It 
flowers early in ip ring, and perfects feeds very well, 
by which it may be propagated in plenty. . 
The fourth fort grows naturally in Hungary, Sicily, 
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and France. I have alfo found it growing wild upon 
fome old walls at Cambridge and Ely, but the feeds 
might probably come out of the garden's where they 
were firft planted. The plants of this kind, which 
grow on walls or ruins, continue much longer than 
thofe which are fown in gardens, where they feldom 
live longer than two years. The leaves of this fore 
are long, broad, hairy, and a little waved on their 
edges ; of a pale colour, and fpread near the ground: 
from the center of thefe come out the ftalks, which 
rife about a foot and a half high, having feveral leaves 
growing alternately, which clofely embrace them. 
Toward the top of the ftalks, they divide into feveral 
fmall branches, which are terminated by long loofe 
fpikes of flowers, of a dirty white colour, each having 
four petals placed in form of a crofs. After the flowers 
are paft, the germen becomes long flat pods, which 
turn backward at their extremity and open length- 
ways, having two rows of fiat-bordered feeds, of a 
dark brown colour, feparated by a thin intermediate 
partition. 
This fort is eafily propagated by feeds, which fhould 
be fown in the autumn ; for thofe which are fown 
in the fpring frequently mifearry, or lie in the ground 
a whole year before they grow. When the plants are 
Itreng enough to remove, they may be tranfplanted 
into a fhady border, or in rural plantations, where 
no other care will be necefiary, but to prevent their 
being overgrown by weeds. The plants flower in 
May, and their feeds ripen in July. There is little 
beauty in this plant, yet many perfons preferve it in 
their gardens to make a variety. 
The fifth fort is annual, it grows naturally in North 
America; the leaves near the root are lyre-ffiaped, 
but thofe on the flower-ftalks are linear, placed al- 
ternately; both are fmooth; the flower-ftalks rife near 
a foot high, and are terminated by white flowers, 
which are fucceeded by flender pods. 
The fixth fort was brought from Virginia; this is a 
biennial plant, whofe lower leaves fpread on the 
ground, thefe are deeply indented on their hides ; the 
flower-ftalks rife a foot high, fuftaining feveral yellow 
flowers placed fcatteringly at the top, which are fuc- 
• ceeded by pretty long flat pods, filled with feeds. 
The two laft mentioned forts have little beauty to 
recommend them, nor are their virtues known, there- 
fore they are rarely admitted into any gardens except 
for variety. They are eafily propagated by feeds, 
which if permitted to fcatter on the ground, will pro- 
duce plants in plenty on any foil, or in any flotation. 
ARACHI S, Earth, or Ground Nut. 
The Characters are, 
Bhe empalement of the flower opens in two parts, the 
upper being cut into three at the extremity , the under one 
is hollow ending in a point, and longer than the other. Bhe 
flower is of the butterfly kind, having four petals ; the 
ftandard is large, roundifh , and plain ; the wings are open 
and floor ter than the ftandard, the keel is little longer than 
the empalement , and turns back. Bhe flower hath ten 
ftamina , nine of which coalefce, and the upper one ft amis 
off ; thefe are no longer than the keel , crowned by round 
fummits. In the center is fituated an oblong germen, [up- 
porting an awl-ftoaped ftyls , crowned by a fingle Jligma. 
Bhe germen afterward turns to an oblong pod , containing 
tzvo or three oblong blunt feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in Linnaeus’s feven- 
teenth clafs, entitled Diadeiphia Decandria, from the 
flowers having ten ftamina, which are in two bodies. 
We have but one Species of this plant, viz. 
Arachis (Hypogaac) Lin. Hort. Cliff 353. Earth or 
Ground Nut. Arachidna quadrifolia viilofa flore luteo. 
Plum. Nov. Gen. 49. 
The native country of this plant I believe is Africa, 
though at prefent, all the fettlements in America 
abound with it ; but many perfons who have refided 
in that country affirm, they were originally brought 
by the flaves from Africa there, where they have been 
fpread all over the fettlements. 
It multiplies very faft in a warm country, but being 
impatient of cold, it cannot be propagated in the open 
'air 
