ARB 
pots, which jfhould be plunged into an old bed of 
tanners bark, which has loft its heat, covering the 
bed with glades, &c. to keep out froft ; this Ihould 
be done in December, if the feeds are good, and as 
the fpring advances, the pots are refrefhed with water, 
the plants will come up the beginning of April, when 
they fhould be frequently but lparingly watered, and 
conftantly kept clean from weeds. 
As the fummer advances, if the plants are fhaded in 
the heat of the day, it will greatly promote their 
growth •, but in warm weather they muft be open all 
night to receive the dew, fo Ihould only be covered 
in the middle of the day : with this management, 
the plants will rife to the height of five or fix inches 
the firft fummer. The beginning of Ocftober, thefe 
plants may be lhaken out of the pots, and their roots 
carefully feparated, planting them fingly in fmall pots 
filled with light earth ; then plunge the pots into an 
old bed of tanners bark, under a common frame, 
obferving to fhade them from the fun in the middle 
of the day, and to give them water as they may re- 
quire : in this bed the pots fhould remain during the 
winter, obferving to expofe the plants to the open 
air, at all times when the weather is favourable •, but 
in frofty weather they muft be covered,' otherwife 
they will be in danger if the feafon proves fevere. 
The fpring following the plants may be removed to 
a very gentle hot-bed, which will require no other 
covering but mats. This will enable them to make 
ftrong {boots early in the fummer, whereby they will 
be in a better condition to bear the cold of the fuc- 
ceeding winter:, in this bed the plants may continue 
moft part of the fummer, for if the pots are taken 
out and fet upon the ground, the fm^llnefs of their 
fize will occafion the earth in them to dry fo faft, 
that watering will fcarcely preferve the plants alive ; 
but if they are kept growing all the fummer, they 
will be more than a foot high by the next autumn : 
but it will be advifable to fcreen them from the froft 
during their continuance in pots, by plunging them 
into the ground in a warm place, and covering them 
with mats in bad weather. 
When the plants are grown to be two or three 
feet high, you may fhake them out of the pots, and 
plant them in the open ground in the places where 
they are to remain ; but this fhould be done in April, 
that they may have taken good root before the win- 
ter, which would be apt to damage them if newly 
planted •, and as all the earth about their roots may 
be thus preferved, there will be no fear of fucceeding 
at this feafon. 
Thefe plants are tolerably hardy, and are feldom hurt, 
except in extreme hard winters, which many times 
kill the young and tender branches, but ra,rely deftroy 
the roots ; therefore, however dead they may 
appear after a hard winter, yet I would advife the 
letting them remain till the fucceeding fummer has 
fufficiently demonftrated what are living and what are 
dead-, for the winters anno 1728-9, and 1739-40, 
gave us great reafon to believe moft of the trees of 
this kind were deftroyed ; and many people were fo 
hafty, as to dig up or cut down, many of their trees ; 
whereas all thofe people who had patience to let them 
remain, found that fcarce one in five hundred failed 
to come out again the next fummer, and many of 
them made handfome plants that feafon. 
This tree delights in a moift foil, for when they are 
planted in dry ground, they feldom produce much 
fruit : the flowers of this tree being produced in au- 
tumn, if the winter proves fevere, are generally de- 
ftroyed, which has occafioned their producing very 
little fruit in England for feveral years : therefore, 
in order to obtain fruit, the trees fhould be placed in 
a warm fituation and where the ground is not natu- 
rally moift, there fhould be a good quantity of loam 
and rotten neat’s dung laid about their roots ; and if 
the fpring fiiould prove dry, they muft be plentifully 
watered, in order to have plenty of fruit. 
The very beft feafon for tranfplanting of the Arbutus 
is in September, at which, time the bloffoms are be- 
ginning to appear; and at that feafon, if it fhould 
prove very dry and they are kept moift, they will take 
root very foon but toward the beginning of No- 
vember, their foots fhould be well covered with mulch, 
to keep out the froft. 
The third fort grows naturally in Acadia, and other 
northern parts of America, upon fwampy land, which 
is frequently overflowed with water ; this is a low 
bufhy fhrub, with {lender trailing branches, which 
are garnifhed with oval leaves, a little fawed on their 
edges the flowers come out from the wings of the 
leaves, growing in thin loofe bunches. The fruit of 
this fort is never produced in England, and it is with 
great difficulty the plants are kept alive here. 
The fourth fort grows naturally on the Alps, and the 
Helvetian mountains. This never rifes high, but 
fends out from the root many (lender branches, which 
trail upon the ground, garnifhed with oblong 
rough leaves, of a pale green colour ; the flowers 
are produced from the wings of the leaves, upon long 
(lender foot-ftalks, and are fucceedecl by berries about 
the fize of the common black Cherry, which are firft 
green, afterward red, and when ripe they are black. 
Thefe are of a pleafant tafte, fo are frequently eaten 
by the inhabitants of thofe countries where they grow 
naturally. This is alfo a very difficult plant to keep 
alive in gardens, for it is an inhabitant of bogs, 
growing among mofs, where the ground is never dry. 
The fifth fort grows naturally upon the mountains in 
Spain, and in moft of the northern parts of Europe. 
The branches of this trail on the ground, which are 
clolely garnifhed with fmooth thick leaves of an oval 
form, placed alternately ; the flowers are produced 
in fmall bunches toward the extremity of the branches, 
which are fhaped like thofe of the common fort, but 
are fmaller ; and are fucceeded by berries, of the fame 
fize with thofe of the former fort, which are red when 
ripe. 
There are few of thefe plants in the Englifh gardens, 
for as they are inhabitants of veiy cold countries, 
where they are covered with fnow all the winter, and 
growing upon bogs among mofs, fo when they are 
brought into a garden, they feldom continue long, 
nor do they thrive with the utmoft care for in places 
where artificial bogs have been contrived to receive 
thefe plants, they have been preferved two or three 
years, and then have perifhed ; fo that unlefs the 
place where they are planted is naturally boggy, there 
is little hopes of their fucceeding long. 
The fixth fort grows naturally upon Mount Cenis 
in Italy, and upon fome mountains in Spain this 
hath woody ftaiks which rife two or three feet high, 
dividing into many diffufed branches, clofely garnifhed 
with roundiih flefhy leaves, which are indented at the 
top ; the flowers are produced in a racemus toward 
the end of the branches, which are fnaped like thofe 
of the Strawberry-tree, of an herbaceous colour, ftrip- 
ed with purple. The plants of this kind are very 
rare in England, nor is this fort much known among 
botanifts, moft of whom have fuppofed the fifth to 
be the fort mentioned by Clufius, in which they 
are greatly rniftaken. 
The Adrachne is at prefent very rare ,in England ; 
this' may be propagated in the fame manner as hath 
been direfted for the common Arbutus, but as there 
are no plants in this country which produce fruit at 
prefent, the feeds muft be procured, from the Levant, 
where they may be had in plenty. As the leaves of 
this tree are larger than thofe of the common Arbu- 
tus, the trees make a finer appearance, therefore de- 
ferve our care to cultivate them, efpecially as they 
will bear the open air when the plants are become 
woody for while they are young, they are impati- 
ent of much froft, therefore fhould be preferved in 
pots three or four years, till they have obtained 
ftrength, and may then be planted in a warm fitua- 
tion and on a dry foil, for this fort will not thrive in 
wet ground. 
ARCTIUM. Lin. Gen. 830. Lappa. Tourn. Inft. 
R, H. Burdock. 
U The 
