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and if they are afterward continued in the bark-hove, 
they will make great progrefs, and their leaves will 
be larger. They may be kept in a dry ftove, upon 
fhelves, after they are well eftablifhed in the pots, 
but they will not be lb ftrong as the other. 
The twelfth fort I was favoured with by Mr. Peter 
Collinfon, F. R. S. who procured the root from North 
America, where it naturally grows. This requires a 
moift foil, and a fhady fituation, but is hardy in re- 
fpefl of cold. It flowered two years in the garden 
at Cheifea, but in a very dry feafon decayed. The 
flowers came up before there was any appearance of 
leaves ; the fpatha was large, and the piftil fhort and 
blunt •, the female flowers were ranged each between 
a fort of cheque work, which was diagonal to the 
piftil ; the flower decayed without any appearance of 
feed. 
The feventeenth fort rifes to the height of ftx or feven 
feet, with a green jointed ftalk as large as a walking 
flick •, the leaves are placed irregularly at the top of 
the ftalks, growing in a duller : thefe are oblong, and 
of a light green colour ; from between the leaves the 
flowers come out on the fide of the ftalk, having a 
long fpatha of a pale green colour, marked with white 
fpots, fitting clofe to the Hera of the plant ; at their 
firft appearance they Hand erecft, foon after they are 
horizontal, and in a little time they decline downward; 
their lower part is fwelling fo far as the flowers are 
ranged on the piftil, above which it is greatly con- 
traded, and toward the top enlarges again, where 
it is a little open, fo as to fhew the naked part of the 
piftil, but is twilled again at the top. All the lower 
part clofely folds over the piftil, fo that it is fcarce 
dilcernible, unlefs the fpatha is opened, which can 
only be done on one fide, the other adhering clofely 
to the piftil, fo far upward as the flowers extend the 
naked part of the piftil only being feparated from it; 
fo that the female flowers and ftamina are ranged only 
upon one fide of the piftil, in which it differs from all 
the other fpecies which I have feen. 
It grows naturally in the fugar iflands, and other warm 
parts of America, chiefly in the low grounds ; the 
whole plant abounds with an acrid juice, fo that if a 
leaf or part of the ftalk is broken, and applied to the 
tip of the tongue, it caufes a very painful fenfation, 
and occaflons the falivary duds to fwell, and brings 
on a great defluxion of faliva ; the ftalks of this plant 
are fometimes applied to the mouths of the negroes 
by way of punifhment, which is indeed bad enough. 
This fort is propagated by cutting off' the ftalks into 
lengths of three or four joints, which muft be laid to 
dry flx weeks or two months ; for if the wounded 
part is not perfedly healed over before the cuttings 
are planted, they will rot and decay : thefe lhould 
be planted in fmall pots filled with light landy earth, 
and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tan, being 
careful that they have little wet, until they have made 
good roots ; when they are well eftablifhed at bottom, 
home of them may be placed in a dry ftove, and others 
plunged into the tan-bed in the bark-ftove, where 
they will make the greateft progrefs, and produce 
more flowers than the others. It is a tender plant, fo 
muft be conftantly kept in the ftove, and lhould have 
very little w r et in winter. 
The eighteenth fort is a fcandent plant, fending out 
roots from the ftem and branches, the leaves are large, 
heart-fhaped, having three lobes or ears ; the flowers 
are incloled in a large fpatha ; but thefe are not fruit- 
ful in England. This is a tender plant, fo requires 
to be conftantly kept in the bark ftove, and treated 
as other tender exotic plants, which come from hot 
countries. It is propagated by cutting off the branches, 
which readily put out roots, for all thefe fpecies which 
are natives of hot countries, never produce feeds in 
England. 
ARUM LETHIOPICUM. See Calla. 
ARUM SCANDENS, See Dracontium. 
ARUNDO. Lin. Gen. Plant. 76. The Reed. 
The Characters are. 
It is of the Grafs tribe ; the flowers grow in [pikes , and 
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are included in a chaff which is oblongs pointed , and opens 
with two valves. The petals of the flowers are bivalve 
and longer than the empakment , having a down at their 
bafe , which rifles almofi their length ; it hath three hairy 
ftamina , crowned with horned fummts ; in the center is 
fituated an oblong germen> [upporting two fender ftyls-s 
which are hairy and reflexed , crowned with a flrnple fig - 
ma. I' he germen afterward becomes an oblong pointed feed? 
with long down adhering to its bafe. 
This, genus of plants is ranged in the fecondTeftion 
of Linnaeus’s third clafs, entitled Triandria Digynia, 
the flowers having three ftamina and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Arundo fPhragmitis) calycibus quinquefloris pani- 
cula laxa. Prod. Leyd. 66. Reed with five flowers in 
each cup , growing in loofle panicles* Arundo vulgaris pa- 
luftris. J. B. 2. 485. The common Marjh Reed. 
2. Arundo ( Donax ) calycibus trifloris panicula diffusa. 
Prod. Leyd. 66. Reed with three flowers included in each 
cup , growing in diffufed panicles. Arundo fativa quae 
Donax Diofcoridis. C. B. P. 17. This is fometimes 
called by gardeners the Ever-green Reed, but for 
what realon I cannot imagine, becaufe the ftalks decay 
every autumn, and new (hoots arife from the roots in 
the fpring. 
3. Arundo ( Verficolor ) Indica Laconica verficolor. Mor. 
Hill, 3. p. 219. Indian Reed with variegated leaves. 
Arundo Indica variegata feu Laconica Theophrafti. 
Cornut. Can. 55. 
4. Arundo [Bamboo) calycibus multifloris, fpicis terms 
feffiiibus. Lin. Sp. 120. Reed with many flowers in the 
cup , and fefjile J pikes , commonly called Bambu. Beelha. 
Hort. Mai. Vol. V. p. 119. and the Bambu altera fpe- 
cies. Raii Elift. 1316. 
5. Arundo ( Arborea ) caule arboreo foliis utrinque acu- 
minatis. Reed with a tree-like ftalk , and leaves which 
are pointed at both ends. Ily. Hort. Mai. Vol. I. p. 25. 
6. Arundo ( Orientals ) tenuifolia caule pleno ex qua 
Turcae calamos parant. Tourn. Cor. 39. Eaftern Reed 
with a narrow leaf and a full ftalk , of which the V arks 
make their writing pens. 
The firft fort is fo very common by the hides of rivers 
and large Handing waters in divers parts of England, 
that it is needlefs for me to fay any thing of its 
culture. This is cut in autumn, when the leaves 
begin to fall, and the Hems are changed brown, for 
making hedges in kitchen-gardens, and for many 
other ufes. 
The fecond fort, although native of a warm country, 
yet will bear the cold of our winters in the open 
ground, provided it is planted in a foil not too wet ; 
and if the winter lhould prove very fevere, a little 
mulch be laid over the roots ; it dies to the furface 
in autumn, and rifes again the fucceeding fpring; 
and if kept fupplied with water in dry weather, will 
grow ten or twelve feet high the fame fummer ; and 
is very proper to intermix with trees and fhrubs, or 
tall plants and flowers in bofquets, where, by the 
oddnefs of its appearance, it will have a good effect, 
in adding to the variety. This is propagated by part- 
ing the roots early in the fpring, before they begin 
to Ihoot, and will, in a year or two, if your ground 
be good, make very large (tools, fo that from each 
ftool you may have eight or ten canes produced ; but 
this never produces any fpikes of flowers in England. 
The ftalks of this fort are brought from Portugal and 
Spain, and are ufed by the weavers, as alfo to make 
fifning-rods. 
The third fort is fuppofed to be a variety of the fe- 
cond, differing therefrom only in having variegated 
leaves. But this I much doubt, becaufe the fort with 
variegated leaves is much tenderer than the other, fo 
muft be Iheltered from the froft, otherwife it will not 
live through the winter in England. The plant never 
grows to a third part of the height of the other, and 
the leaves are narrower and much fhorter ; whether 
thefe differences may not be occafioned by the weak- 
nefs of the plant, I cannot take upon me to deter- 
mine ; for it is well known, that all thofe plants wffticb 
have variegated leaves, are much weaker than the 
