AST 
at Paris, where they fucceeded, and produced hew 
feeds, fo that many of the European gardens have been 
fince fupplied with it.; this hath a perennial root, 
which fends out many upright {talks upward of five 
feet high, which are garnifhed with winged leaves; 
compofed of about fourteen pair of oval lobes, termi- 
nated by an odd one ; from the wings of the leaves 
the foot-ftalks of the flowers arife, which are garnifh- 
ed with fmall yellow flowers, growing in loofe {pikes, 
and are extended beyond the leaves ; thefe are fuc- 
ceeded by very fhort triangular pods, ending in a 
point, which open in two cells, filled with Afli-co- 
loured fquare feeds. This flowers in June or July, 
and the feeds ripen in autumn. It is propagated by 
feeds, which may be fown in the fpring, upon a 
border of light earth, and treated in the fame man- 
ner as the fourth fort, till the following autumn, 
when the plants fhould be removed to an open fitu- 
ation and a dry foil, and when they have taken root, 
will require no farther culture. I have a root of 
this fort growing in the Chelfea garden, which is 
more than thirty years old, and produces plenty of 
feeds every year. 
The f ourteenth fort grows naturally upon the moun- 
tains in Germany •, this never riles with a Italic, but 
fends out divers winged leaves from the root, which 
are compofed of many blunt lobes, placed by pairs, 
and terminated by an odd one •, the foot-ftalks of the 
flowers arife immediately from the root, and are 
longer than the leaves, being terminated by fpikes 
of blue flowers, which are fucceeded by fwelling awl- 
fhaped pods, which are ered and hairy, having two 
cells which are filled with greenifh feeds. It flowers 
in July, and the feeds ripen in autumn. The root is 
abiding, and the plant is propagated by feeds as the 
fourth fort, but fhould have an open fituation. 
The fifteenth fort grows naturally in Carolina, from 
whence I received the feeds ; this hath a perennial 
foot, but an annual ftalk, which decays in autumn ; 
from the root arife feveral upright Italics three feet 
high, garnifhed with winged leaves, compofed of 
eighteen or twenty pair of oval fmooth lobes, termi- 
nated by an odd one ; from the wings of the leaves 
arife the foot-ftalks, which are terminated by fpikes 
of greenifh yellow flowers, which are fucceeded by 
oval cylindrical pods, to which adhere the ftyle, 
which extends beyond the pods in a point. This 
flowers in Auguft, but unlefs the feafon is warm, the 
plants feldom ripen their feeds in England. It is 
propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown upon a 
moderate hot-bed in the fpring •, and when the plants 
are fit to remove, they fhould be each planted in a 
fmall pot filled with earth from the kitchen-garden, 
and plunged again into the hot-bed, to forward their 
making new roots ; and when they are eftablifhed in 
the pots, they muft be inured to the open air, into 
which they fhould be removed the end of May, pla- 
cing them in a fheltered fituation, where they may re- 
main till October, when they fhould be placed under 
a common frame to fhelter them in winter ; and in 
the fpring they may be turned out of the pots, and 
planted in a warm border, where they will thrive and 
flower ; and if the winter proves very fevere, a little 
old tan fhould be laid over the roots, which will ef- 
fectually preferve them. 
The flxteenth fort grows naturally in moft parts of 
North America ; this hath a perennial root, which 
fends out many irregular ftalks about two feet high, 
garniftied with winged leaves, compofed of many 
pair of oval lobes, hairy on their under fide ; from 
the wings of the leaves come out the foot-ftalks, fup- 
porting fpikes of greenilh yellow flowers, which are 
fucceeded by cylindrical pods, ending in a point. 
This flowers in July, and the feeds ripen the begin- 
ning of Oftober. It is propagated by feeds, which 
fhould be managed as thofe of the fifteenth fort, but 
the plants are hardier, fo will live thro 5 the winter 
in a common bed of light earth without covering. 
The feventeenth fort riles with upright hairy ftalks 
* 
AST 
two feet high, garnifhed with winged leaves, com- 
pofed of many pair of oval woolly lobes, terminated 
by an odd one ; from the wings of the leaves arife 
the foot-ftalks, which are terminated by clofe fpikes 
of yellow flowers ; thefe are fucceeded by hairy awl- 
fhaped pods, having two cells, filled with brown feeds. 
This flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in autumn; 
It grows naturally in Siberia, from whence the feeds 
were fent to Dr. Amman, at Peterfburgh, who com- 
municated them to me. It is a perennial plant, and 
propagated by feeds in the fame manner as the fourth 
fort. 
The eighteenth fort is a biennial plant: the feeds of 
this were fent me from Spain, where the plant grows 
naturally. This fends out many trailing ftalks, which 
are divided into many fmaller branches, garniftied 
with many pair of narrow lobes, terminated by an 
odd one ; the flowers are colledced into heads, which 
terminate the foot-ftalks, and are white ; the foot- 
ftalks are about the fame length as the leaves •, the 
pods are fhort and triangular, and the whole plant is 
covered with a filvery down. The feeds of this fhould 
be fown upon an open bed of light earth, where the 
plants are to remain, and the plants afterward treated 
in the manner directed for the annual forts : the fe- 
cond year they will flower and perfect their feeds, 
after which they feldom continue. 
The ninteenth fort grows upon the hills near Verona, 
from whence I received it. This fends up an up- 
right ftalk, feldom more than fix inches high, gar- 
nifhed with fmall, winged, hoary leaves •, the foot- 
ftalks arife from the wings of the leaves, fupport- 
ing three or four pale flowers, which are fucceed- 
ed by fickle-fliaped hoary pods. This is a biennial 
plant, and fhould be treated in the fame manner as 
the laft. 
The twentieth fort was difcovered by Dr. Tournefort 
in the Levant, who fent the feeds to the royal garden 
at Paris. This hath a perennial root, which fends up 
feveral ereft ftalks, garnifhed with winged leaves, 
compofed of feveral pair of lobes, indented at the 
top •, from the wings of the leaves come out long 
foot-ftalks, fupporting a globular head of purple 
flowers •, thefe are rarely fucceeded by pods in Eng- 
land. It flowers the end of July. It is propagated 
by feeds, which fhould be fown upon a moderate 
hot-bed in the fpring, and the plants treated in the 
fame manner as hath been directed for the fifteenth 
fort. 
The twenty-firft fort grows naturally in China : the 
plant is annual ; the ftalks fpread on the furface of 
the ground, which are clofely garniftied with winged 
leaves, compofed of eight or ten pair of oval fmooth 
lobes, fitting clofe to the midrib •, thefe are flightly 
indented at their end. The foot-ftalks of tne flowers 
are produced from the wings of the ftalk, two of them 
generally ariftng at each place, and are equal to the 
leaves in length, fupporting a globular head of pur- 
ple flowers, which are fucceeded by three-cornered 
pods growing ereft in a compacft head, opening in 
two cells, filled with fmall triangular feeds. This 
plant flowers in July and Auguft, and the feeds ripen 
in autumn. 
The feeds of this fort fhould be fown upon a hot-bed 
in March, and when the plants come up and are fit to 
tranfplant, they fhould be each put into a fmall pot 
filled with light earth, and plunged into another mo- 
derate hot-bed, being careful to fliade them from the 
fun until they have taken new root ; after which they 
fhould have free air admitted to them daily, propor- 
tional to the warmth of the feafon, and frequently but 
gently watered, with which management the plants 
will flower and produce feeds. 
The twenty-fecond fort grows naturally about Alep- 
po, from whence the feeds were brought by Dr. Ruf- 
lel. The plant is annual, fending out a few branch- 
ing ftalks which trail upon the ground, garnifhed with 
narrow winged leaves, whofe lobes are broader at 
their points than their bafe, and are. indented Jb as 
to 
