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S'ica produce fruit with, a pale yellow fie ill, and by I 
conftantly railing th'efe trees from feeds, they dege- 
nerate the fruit continually •> whereas, if they would 
bud from the good fort, they might have it in as great 
plenty as they pleaf^dj but there are few perfons in 
that part of the world who underftand the method of 
grafting or budding fruit trees, and if they did, they 
are fo negligent of their fruits, &c. as to leave the 
whole to nature, feldom giving tnemfelves any far- 
ther trouble than to put the feeds into the ground, and 
leave them to grow as nature (hall incline. 
In proof of what I have here faid, I cannot omit to 
mention, that a few years ago, I lent two fmall trees 
of the true Seville Orange to Jamaica, where this fort 
was wanting •, and from fhefe many other trees were 
budded, which have produced plenty of fruit, fome 
of which were fent to England a few years paid ; and 
although they -were long in their paffage, yet when 
they arrived here, they were greatly fuperior to any 
of thole fruit which are imported hither from Spain 
or Portugal, one of thofe affording three times the 
quantity of juice, that a fruit of equal fize from either 
of thofe countries does. 
All the forts of Orange-trees with flriped leaves are 
tender, therefore muft be placed in a warm part of 
the green-houfe in winter, and muft be treated with 
more care than the common fort, otherwife they will 
not thrive. Thefe are varieties which fome perfons 
are fond of, but they never produce good fruit, nor 
are the flowers produced in fo great plenty, there- 
fore a few only fhould be preferred for the fake of 
Variety. 
The horned Orange differs from the other forts in 
the fruit dividing into parts, and the rind expanding 
in form of horns : this and the diftorted Orange are 
preferred by fome curious perfons for variety, but 
are not fo beautiful as the common Orange. There 
is alfo a great variety of fweet Oranges both in the 
Eaft and Weft-Indies, fome of which are much more 
efteemed than thofe we now have in Europe ; but as 
they are much tenderer, they will not thrive in this 
country with the common culture •, therefore I (hall 
not enumerate them, but lhall proceed to give di- 
rections for the management of Orange-trees in Eng- 
land. 
Where the trees are to be raifed for flocks to bud O- 
ranges, you fhould procure fome Citron-feeds which 
were duly ripened for the flocks of this kind are 
preferable to any other, both for qu cknefsof growth, 
as alfo that they will take buds of either Orange, Le- 
mon, or Citron ; next to thefe are the Seville Orange 
feeds. The beft feeds are ufually to be had from 
rotten fruits, which are commonly eafy to be procured 
in the fpring of the year ; then prepare a good hot- 
bed, of either horfe-dung- or tanners bark ; the lad of 
which is much the better, if you can eafily procure 
it. When this bed is in a moderate temper for heat, 
you muft fow your feeds in pots of good rich earth, 
and plunge them into the hot bed ; obferving to give 
them water frequently, and raife the glafies in the 
great heat of the day, to give proper air, left the 
feeds, fhould fuffer by too great heat : in three weeks 
time your feeds will come up, and if the young- 
plants are not ftinted, either for want of proper heat 
or moiiture, they will be in a month’s time after their 
appearance, fit to transplant into fingle pots : you 
muft therefore! renew your hot-bed, and having pre- 
pared a quantity of fmail halfpenny pots (which are 
about five inches over at the top,) fill thefe half full 
of good frefh earth, mixed with very rotten cow- 
dung •, and then fhake out the young plants from the 
Parse pots, with all the earth about them, that you 
may the better feparate the plants without tearing 
their roots * and having half filled the pots with earth, 
put a fingle plant into each of the fen all pots ; then fill 
them up with the fame earth as before directed, 
plunging the pots into the new hot-bed, giving them 
a good watering to fix the earth to their roots ; and 
obferve to repeat the lame very often (for this plant, 
when in a hot-bed, requires much water,) but be Jure 
6 
ADR 
to 'fcreen them from the fun in the heat of the clay; 
In this method, with due care, your plants will grow 
to be two feet high by July, when you muft begin 
to harden them by degrees, in raffing your glafies 
very high, and when the weather is good, take them 
quite off , but do not expofe them to the open fun in 
the heat of the day, but rather take off' the glafies, 
and Hi ado the plants with mats, which may be taken 
off when the fun declines , for the violent heat in the 
middle of the day would be very injurious to- them, 
efpecially while young. Toward the end of Septem- 
ber you muft houfe them, obferving to place them 
Hear the windows of the green-houfe, to prevent the 
damps from moulding their tender fhoots. During 
the winter feafon they may be often refrefhed with 
water, and in March or April, wafti their heads and 
Items, to clear them from the filth that may have 
fettled thereon, during their being in the houfe ; and 
you muft alfo give them a moderate hot-bed in the 
fpring, which will greatly forward them •, but harden 
them by the beginning of June, that they may be in 
right order to bud in Auguft ; when you fhould make 
choice of cuttings from trees that are healthy and 
fruitful, of whatever kinds you pleafe, obferving that 
the fhoots are round ; the buds of thefe being much 
better and eafier to part from the wood, than fuch 
as are flat. W hen you have budded the flocks, you 
fhould remove them into a green-houfe, to defend 
them from wet, turning the buds from the fun ; but 
let them have as much free air as poffible, and refrefli 
them often with water. In a month’s time after 
budding, you will fee which of them has taken *, you 
muft then untie them, that the binding may not pinch 
the buds, and let them remain in the green-houfe all 
the winter •, then in the fpring, prepare a moderate 
hot-bed of tanners bark ; and, after having cut off 
the flocks about three inches above the buds, plunge 
their pots into the hot-bed, obferving to give them 
air and water, as the heat of the weather lhall require ; 
but be lure to fcreen them from the violence of the 
fun during the heat of the day. In this management, 
if your buds fhoot kindly, they will grow to the 
height of two feet or more, by the end of July ; at 
which time you muft begin to harden them before the 
cold weather comes on, that they may the better 
Hand in the green-houfe the following winter. In 
the fir ft winter after their fhooting, you muft keep 
them very warm ; for, by forcing them in the bark- 
bed, they will be Somewhat tenderer •, but it is very 
neceffary to raife them to their height in one feafon, 
that their Items may be flrait : for in fuch trees, 
which are two or more years growing to their heading 
height, the items are always crooked. In the fuc- 
ceeding years, their management will be the fame as 
in full grown trees, which will be hereafter treated 
of : I fhall therefore, now, proceed to treat of the 
management of fuch trees as are brought over every 
year in chefls from Italy ; which is, indeed, by much 
the quicker way of furnifhing a green-houfe with 
large trees for thofe which are railed from feeds in 
England, will not grow fo large in their items under 
eighteen or twenty years, as thefe are when brought 
over •, and although their heads are fmall when we 
receive them, yet in three years, with good ma- 
nagement, they will obtain large heads and produce 
fruit. 
In the choice of thefe trees obferve firft, the diffe- 
rence of their fhoots and leaves (if they have any 
upon them) to diftinguilh their different forts, for the 
Shaddock and Citrons always make much flronger 
ffioots than the Orange ; for which reafon, the Italian 
gardeners, who raife thefe trees for fale, generally 
propagate thofe forts, fo that they bring few of the 
Seville Orange-trees over, which are much more va- 
luable both for their flowers and fruit ; alfo prefer 
thofe that have two good buds in each flock (for 
many of them have but one, which will always pro- 
duce an irregular head :) the ftraitnefs of the ftem, 
frefhrtefs of the branches, and plumpnefs of the bark, 
are neceffary observations, 
■ * When 
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