AUR 
When you' have' furnifhed yourfelf with a parcel of 
trees, you mufe prepare a moderate hot-bed of tan- 
ters bark, in length and breadth according to the 
number of trees to be forced ^ then put your trees 
into a tub of water upright, about half way of the 
items, leaving the head and upper part of the item 
out of the water, the better to draw and imbibe the 
moifture. In this fituation they may remain two or 
three days (according to their plumpnefs when you 
received them •,) then take them out, and clean their 
roots from all filth, cutting off all broken or bruifed 
roots, and all the fmall fibres, which are quite dried 
by being fo long out of the earth, and fcrub the 
Hems with a hard hair-brufh, cleaning them after- 
wards with a cloth •, then cut off the branches about 
fix inches from the item, and having prepared a 
quantity of good freih earth, mixed with very rotten 
neats dung, plant your trees therein, obferving never 
to put them into large pots ■, for if they are but big 
enough to contain their roots, it is fufficient at firft 
planting ; and be fure to put fome potfherds and large 
ftones in the bottom of each pot, to keep the holes 
at the bottom of the pots from being flopped with 
earth, that the water may freely pafs off, and wrap 
fome haybands round their items, from bottom to 
top, to prevent the fun from drying their bark •, then 
plunge thefe pots into the bark-bed, watering them 
well to fettle the earth to their roots, frequently re- 
peating the fame all over their heads and ftems, be- 
ing very careful not to over-water them, efpecially 
before they have made good roots •, and oblerve to 
fcreen the glaffes of your hot-bed from the fun in the 
heat of the day. 
If your trees take to grow kindly (as there is little 
reafon to doubt of, if the directions given be duly ob- 
ferved,') they will have made ftrong fhoots by the be- 
ginning of June •, at which time you Ihould ftop their 
fnoots, to obtain lateral branches to furnifh their 
heads •, and now you mull give them air plentifully, 
and begin to harden them, that in the middle of July 
they may be removed into the open air, in fome warm 
fituation, defended from the great heat of the fun, 
and from winds, that they may be hardened before 
winter. About the end of September you Ihould 
houfe thefe plants, letting them at firft in the front of 
the green-hqufe, near the glaffes, keeping the win- 
dows open at all times when the weather will permit ; 
and about the latter end of October, when you bring 
in the Myrtles, and other lefs tender trees, you mult 
fet your Oranges in the warmeft and belt part of 
the houfe, placing lower plants or trees in the front, 
jto hide their ftems. During the winter, let your 
waterings be frequent, but give them not too much 
at a time ; for now their heads are but fmall, and 
therefore incapable to difcharge too great a quantity 
of moifture, and take great care to guard them from 
froft. 
In the fpring, when you begin to take out fome of 
your hard left forts of plants to thin your houfe, 
walk and cleanfe the ftems and leaves of your Orange- 
trees, taking out the upper part of the earth in the 
pots, filling them up again with good, freih, rich 
earth, laying thereon a little rotten neats dung round 
the outfide of the pots, but do not let it lie near the 
idem of the trees ; then place them at wider distances 
in the houfe, that the air may circulate round their 
heads, giving them air difcretionally, as the weather 
grows warm ; but do not remove them into the 
open air until the latter end of May, that the we a- 
ther is fettled 5 for many times, when they are 
removed out too foon, the mornings often proving 
cold, give them at leaft a great check, which will 
change the colour of their leaves, and many times kill 
the. extreme weak part of the fhoots. Let the fitua- 
tion for your Orange-trees, during the hummer feafon, 
be as much defended from the fun in the heat of the 
day, and ftrong winds, as poffible,' by tali trees or 
hedges ; both of which, if they are expofed thereto, 
are very hurtful to them. 
As thefe trees advance, it will be neceffary in the 
fummer to ftopllrong fhoots where they grow irregu- 
larly, to force out lateral branches to fill the head * 
but do not pinch off the tops of all the fhoots (as is 
the practice of feme,) which will fill the tree with 
fmall fnoots too weak to fupport fruit •, but endea- 
vour to form a regular head, and obtain ftrong fhoots, 
taking away weak trifling branches where they are 
too dole. 
During the fummer feafon, your Orange-trees will 
require frequent waterings in dry weather, efpecially 
if they are large ; therefore you fliould endeavour to 
have the water as near the trees as poffible, to fave 
the trouble of carrying it, which, in a large quantity 
of trees, takes up much time. Your water Ihould 
be foft, and expofed to the air, but never add dung 
of any fort thereto ; which, although by many fre- 
quently recommended, yet has always been found de- 
ftrudtive to thefe, and ail other trees, if much ufed , 
it being like hot liquors to human bqdiel, which, at 
firft taking, feem to add vigour, yet certainly leave 
the body weaker after fome time than befbre. 
Your Orange-trees will require to be fhifted and new 
potted every other year, therefore you mu ft prepare 
a quantity of good earth, at leaft a year before you 
intend to ufe it, that it may be well mixed and per- 
fecftly rotten. The belt feafon for this work is about 
the end of April, that they may have taken freih root 
-before they are removed out of the green -houfe *, and 
when this work is performed, it will be neceffary to 
let them remain in the houfe a fortnight longer than 
ufual, to be well fettled. 
In the performing this work, after you have drawn 
the trees out of the pots, you muft cut off all the 
roots round the outfide of the ball of earth, and take 
away all mouldy roots (if any fuch be ;) then with a 
fharp iron inftrument, get as much of the old earth 
from between the roots as poffible, being careful not 
to break or tear the roots ; then fet the root of the 
tree into a large tub of water for about a quarter of 
an hour, to foak the under part of the ball of earth ; 
and afterwards fcrub the ftems of the trees with a hard 
hair-brufh, cleaning them and the heads with water, 
and a foft woollen cloth. Your pots being prepared, 
with fome potflierds and large ftones in the bottom, 
put fome of your frefh earth into the pot, about 
three or four inches thick ; and having placed your 
tree thereon, in the middle of the pot, upright, fill 
it up with the fame rich earth, prefling it down hard 
with your hands ; then water the tree all over the 
head, with a watering-pot that has a rdfe upon the 
fpout, to let the water fall light and thick (as in a 
fhewer of rain •) and in watering thefe trees, do it in 
the fame manner, during the time they abide in the 
houfe after fhifting - s this will greatly refrefti their 
heads, and promote their taking frefh roots. 
When you firft fet thefe trees abroad after fhifting, 
you ihould place them near the flicker of hedges, and 
fallen their ftems to ftrong flakes, to prevent their be- 
ing difturbed by winds, which fome times will blow 
frefh planted trees out of the pots, if too much ex- 
pofed thereto, and thereby greatly injure their new 
roots. 
If old Orange-trees have been ill managed, and their 
heads become ragged and decayed, the befc method 
to reftore them, is to cut off the greater! part of their 
heads early in March, and draw them out of the 
tubs or pots, and fhake off the earth from their 
roots, cutting away all fmall fibres and mouldy roots ; 
and then fbak and clean their roots, ftems, and 
branches, planting them in good earth, and fetting 
them into a hot-bed of tanners bark, as was directed 
for fuch trees as came from abroad, managing them 
in the fame manner : by this method they will pro- 
duce new heads, and in two years time become good 
trees again. But if thefe are large trees, and have 
grown in tubs for feveral years, your beft way will 
be to prepare a parcel of rough bafkets (fuch as are 
ufed for baficeting Evergreens, when fentto a diftant 
place :) let thefe be fomewhat lefs than the tubs you 
defign to plant your trees into •, then plant your trees 
G g herein, 
