BAR 
to fee If the feeds will grow. When the plants come 
up, they mult be planted in feparate pots, filled with 
light earth, and plunged into the bark-bed, after 
which they muft.be treated like other tender plants 
from, the fame countries. 
BAOBOB. See Adansonia. 
BARBA CAPRiE. See Spiraea. 
B A R B A J O V I S. See Anthyllis. 
BARBAREA. See Erysimum. 
BAR DAN A. See Arctium. 
BARLERIA. 
The name was given to this genus of plants by fa- 
ther Plunder, in honour of Jacobus Barelier, of Paris, 
who was a famous botanift. 
The Characters are, 
It hath a •permanent emp alement , divided into four parts , 
two large and two fmaller , oppofite. 'The fiower is of the 
lip kind , of one leaf funnel-fhaped , and divided into five 
parts at the top ; the upper fegment being broad and eredl , 
the two fide ones narrower , and the under one which turns 
downward is divided into two. It hath four fender fia- 
mina , two of which are very fioort ; the two upper are 
longer , crowned by oblong fummits. In the center is placed 
the oval germen , fupporting a f ender ftyle , crowned by a 
bifid ftigma. The germen afterward becomes -an oblong , 
quadrangular , membranaceous vejfel , with two cells , which 
is very elajlic , containing two or three roundifh coraprejfed 
feeds. 
This genus of plants is by Dr. Linnaeus ranged in the 
fecond order of his fourteenth clafs, titled Didy- 
narnia Angiofpermia, whofe flowers have two long 
and two fhort ftamina, and their feeds are included 
in a capfule. 
The Species are, 
1. Barleria ( Solanifolia ) fpinis axillaribus foliis lan- 
ceolatis denticulatis. Lin. Sp. 887. Barleria with fpines 
cn the fide of the branches , and fpear-fioaped indented leaves. 
Barleria aculeata folani folio anguftiore flore caeruleo. 
Plum. N. G. 31. 
2. Barleria ( Prionitis ) fpinis axillaribus quaternis foliis 
integer rimis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 636. Barleria with fpines 
growing by fours from the fide of the branches , and entire 
leaves. Coletta-veetla. Hort. Mai. 9. p. 77. 
3. Barleria ( Buxifolia ) fpinis axillaribus oppofltis fo- 
litaris, foliis fubrotundis integerrimis. Lin. Sp. 887. 
Barleria with fpines at the wings of the ftalf and roundifh 
entire leaves. Barleria Americana fpinofiima frutefeens, 
buxi folio par vo flore. Amrn. Herb. 104. 
4. Barleria ( Coccinea ) inermis foliis ovatis denticulatis 
petiolatis. Lin. Sp. 888. Barleria without fpines , and 
oval indented leaves having foot-fialks. Barleria folani 
folio, flore coccineo. Plum. Nov. Gen. 3 1. 
The firft fort rifes with upright fquare ftalks three 
feet high, garnifhed with two oblong entire leaves 
at every joint j above which the flowers come out in 
whorls furrounding the ftalks, and under each whorl 
there are fix fharp fpines, which are as long as the 
empalement of the flowers. Thefe joints are about 
three inches diftance; the flowers are blue, and have 
more of the form of the labiated flowers, than any 
of the other fpecies. I received this from Pa- 
nama. 
The fecond fort has been long in the curious gardens 
in Holland, but has not been many years 'in this 
country. This fends out many {lender Items from 
the root, which rife eight or nine feet high, garnifhed 
with oval pointed leaves, two growing oppofite at 
each joint, which are attended by four long fpines 
Handing crofs-ways. This plant hath not as yet flow- 
ered in England, though there are large plants of it 
in the Chelfea garden. 
The third fort hath fhrubby ftalks which rife five or 
fix feet high, garnifhed with roundifh entire leaves 
placed oppofite, under which are placed ftrong fpines; 
the flowers are produced in whorls toward the upper 
part of the ftalk ; thefe are fucceeded by fhort feed- 
vefiels, containing three or four flat feeds.' This grows 
naturally in Jamaica. 
The fourth fort grows naturally in the warm parts of 
America. The ftalks of this are fmooth ; they rife 
BAR 
four feet high, are garnifhed with two oval indented 
leaves Handing oppofite ; the flowers are fcarlet, and 
are placed in whorls at the joints of the ftalks ; thefe 
appear in July, Auguft, and September, and are 
fucceeded by fhort pods inclofing flat feeds. 
The roots of the firft fort will continue three or four 
years, but after the feeond year, the plants grow too 
rambling, and the lower part of the branches are 
naked, fo are not fo lightly as the young plants ; 
therefore a fucceiiion of theft fhould be raifed, and 
the old ones turned out. They are propagated by 
feeds, which will fow themfelves in the pots which 
are near them in the ftove, when the plants are 
once obtained ; but where the feeds are received from 
abroad, they muft be fown upon a hot-bed in the 
fpring ; and when the plants are fit to remove, they 
muft be each planted in a feparate pot, and plunged 
into a hot-bed of tanners bark, where they muft con- 
ftantly remain, and managed in the ftrne manner as 
other tender exotics from the fame countries ; giving 
them water frequently in fummer, and letting the 
frefh air to them everyday in warm weather, but in 
winter they fhould have Ids water and be kept warm. 
They flower from June to November, a ,d their feeds 
ripen fQon after. 
The feebnd fort hath flexible perennial Halits, which 
if cut off during the fummer months, and made Into 
lengths of fix or eight inches, and planted in pots* 
plunging them into a hot-bed, and duly watered and 
fhaded from the fan, will foon put out roots, io may 
be planted each in a Email pop and plunged into the 
tan-bed in the ftove ; for although this fort may be 
kept in a dry ftove through the winter, yet die plants 
will not grow near fo fall, nor will their leaves be fo 
large as thofe which are plunged into bark. By this 
method the plants may be propagated in plenty, but 
as they rarely produce flowers in England, fo two 
or three plants will be fufficient to maintain the 
fpecies. 
The third and fourth forts will produce feeds in Eng- 
land, provided the plants are kept in the tan-bed in 
the ftove, fo thefe may be propagated by feeds, 
which fhould be fown in the hot-bed, and the plants 
afterward treated in the fame manner as the firft 
fort. 
BAROMETER [fr oin Eciip©^, a weight, and firpovy 
a meafure,] is an mftrument or machine for meafur- 
ing the weight of the atmofphere, or the minute vari- 
ation of the weight or prefftire of the incumbent air, 
in order to determine the changes of weather. 
This machine is founded on the Torricellian experi- 
ment, fo called, from the inventor Torricellius. 
1. It conflfts of a long tube of glafs, hermetically 
fealed at one end ; and being filled with quiekfilver, 
is inverted fo as to have one end of it immerged in a 
bafon of ftagnant quiekfilver, and the other, herme- 
tically fealed, which is expofed to the preimre of the 
outward air ; out of which open end (after fuch im- 
merfion) the quiekfilver in the tube being fuffered to 
run as much as it will into the ftagnant quiekfilver, in 
which that mouth or open end is immerfed, there is 
wont to remain a cylinder of quiekfilver fufpended in 
the tube, about twenty-eight, twenty-nine, or thirty 
inches high, meafuring from the furface of the ftag- 
nant quiekfilver perpendicularly; but more or lefs 
within fuch limits, according as the weight or pref- 
fure of the air incumbent on the external ftagnant 
quiekfilver expofed to it, is greater or lefler, leaving 
the upper part of the tube void, or at leaft empty of 
common air. 
The phenomena of the barometer are various, and 
the caufes affigned for them, by Teveral authors,, as 
various ; nor is the ufe of it in predicting the wea- 
ther, yet perfectly afeertained. 
The greateft height the pnercljfy has been known to 
ftand at in London, is ’thirty inches three-eighths, and 
its leaft, twenty-eight inches : and though, as Mr* 
Boyle obferves, the phenomena of the barometer are 
fo very precarious, that it is very difficult to form 
any general rules about the rife and fall thereof, fince 
itt 
