B A U 
BAt j 
B 
It feldom rifes more than four feet high in this coun- 
try, dividing into many {lender branches near the 
ground, which are garnifhed with two oval leaves 
placed oppofite at every joint, which are entire 5 thefe 
have fhort foot-fcalks •, the flowers grow Angle at the 
extremity of the foot-ftalk, which comes out from 
the wings of the leaves j they have two feries of nar- 
row thick petals, which fpread open, and turn inward 
at the top, like thofe of the Starry Anemone, or the 
Virgin’s Bower : thefe are of a fullen purple colour, 
and have a difagreeable fcent ; they appear in May. 
The embryo fits beneath the flower, and fupports Ave 
ftigma ; this afterward appears to have Ave cells, but 
it never comes to perfeftion in this country, therefore 
I can only give a defcription of it from an imperfeff 
rudiment, which a few years paft, was fairer than any 
I had before feen. The bark of this fhrub is brown, 
and has a very ftrong aromatic fcent ; from whence 
the inhabitants of Carolina gave it the title of All- 
fpice, by which it is generally known in the nurferies 
near London. 
This fhrub will thrive in the open air in England, if 
it is planted in a warm Atuation and a dry foil. It is 
propagated by laying down the young branches, which 
will take root in one year, and may then be taken 
from the mother plant, and planted where they are 
deflgned to remain, for they do not bear tranfplanting 
well, after they are grown to any Aze. When the 
layers are tranfplanted, the furface of the ground 
Ihould be covered with mulch, to prevent the drying 
winds from penetrating the ground to their roots j 
and if the feafon proves dry, they muft be watered 
once a week, but Ihould not have too much wet, for 
that will rot their tender Abres. 
The belt time for laying down the branches, is in the 
autumn, but they fhould not be tranfplanted till the 
fpring twelve months after, for the fpring is the fafeft 
time to remove thefe plants. After the branches are 
laid down, there fhould be fome old tanners bark 
laid upon the furface of the ground, to keep out the 
froft, which ihould alfb be done every winter, wdflle 
the plants are young, which will prevent the froft 
from penetrating to their root, and thereby fecure 
them. 
This plant was veiy fcarce in England, till within a 
few years paft, that many of them have been brought 
from Carolina, where they have been greatly increafed 
in the gardens near Charles Town. 
Dr. Kempfer has given a flgure and defcription of a 
plant, in his Amcenitates Exoticarum, which feems 
to be of this genus ; but he mentions the fruit to be 
compofed of eight cells ; whereas, fo far as I have 
been able to examine this, it appears to have but Ave ; 
however, the flower and general ftruAure of the 
plant, agrees very well with this, but I fuppofe it to 
be a diftind fpecies, the leaves of this being much 
longer, and the flowers ftand upon naked foot-ftalks ; 
whereas thofe of our fort have commonly two An all 
leaves, which are narrower, and more pointed than 
thofe upon the branches : but I And Dr. Linmeus and 
Monfieur Du Hamel, both fuppofe they are the fame 
plant. 
After I had given a flgure of this plant, in plate LX. 
of my Figures of Plants, I received Monfieur Du Ha- 
mePs book of the trees and ihrubs, which will grow 
in the open air about Paris, in which he has given a 
bad flgure of tnis plant, under the title of Butneria j 
but as my plate was flrft publiftied, and I was not ap- 
pnfed of his title, I have continued my title to it ; 
not from any attachment to it, as being my own, but 
rather to avoid confuflon, which muft attend the fre- 
quent alteration of the names of plants, which is too 
much in fafhion at prefent. 
AUHINIA, Mountain Ebony, vulgo. This plant 
was fo named by father Plumier, in honour of the 
two famous botanifts, John and CaiDar Bauhin. 
The Ch aracters are, 
^he empalement of the flower is permanent, bibulous , cf 
one leap, and cut into jive parts at the top the flower 
is compofed of five petals, which in fane fpecies are fpear- 
1. 
2. 
3 - 
Jhdped , waved and reflexed , but in others roundifi 
concave : it hath ten ftaimna, which are of unequal lengths ,* 
fome of thefe are crowned by oval fumniits, but other /have 
none. c £'he oblong germen fits upon the foot-jialk, fipport- 
ing a j, lender declining ftyle , which turns upward at the 
point , crowned by an obivfe ftigma ; the germed after- 
ward becomes along taper pod, inclofing a* row of roundiflo 
comprejfed feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the Arft fedlon of 
Linnaeus’s tenth clafs, entitled Decandria Monogynia, 
the flower having ten ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
B AUHiNiA ( Aculeata ) caule . aculeate?. Hort. Cliff- 
156. Bauhmia with a prickly flalk. Bauhinia aculeata 
folio rotundo emarginato. Plum. Nov. Gen. 23. 
Bauhinia (flomentofa) folds cordaiis, lobis femiof- 
biculatis tomeniofls. Lin. Sp. 536. Bauhinia with 
heart-fihaped leaves, and femiorbicular woolly lobes. Bau- 
hinia flare luteo fpicato folio fubrotundo bicorni. 
Houft. 
Bauhinia ( Acuminata ) folds ovatis lobis acuminafis 
femi-ovatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 375 - Bauhinia with oval 
leaves, and pointed lobes which are half oval. Bauhi- 
nia non aculeata folio ampliori & bicornd Plum. Now- 
Gen. 23. 
4. Bauhinia ( Unguhta ) folds, lobis parallelis. Lin. Sp, 
535. Bauhinia with oval leaves , whofe lobes are parallel. 
Bauhinia non aculeata folio nervofo bicorni, floribus 
• albicantibus. Houft. 
5. Bauhinia ( Emarginata ) caule aculeato, folds corda- 
tis lobis orbiculatis, fubtus tomentoAs. Bauhinia with 
a prickly flalk, and heart fioaped leaves with round lobes , 
which are woolly on their under fide. Bauhinia acu- 
leata folio rotundo emarginato flore magno albo. 
Houft, 
6. Bauhinia ( Purpurea ) folio fubcordatis bipartite; ro- 
tundatis, fubtus tomentoAs. Lin. Sp. 536. Bauhinia 
with almofl heart-floaped leaves divided in two roundifh 
lobes woolly on their under fide. Bauhinia non aculeata 
folio fubrotundo bicorni, floribus albis. Houft. 
7. Bauhinia ( Rotundata ) foliis fubcordatis bipartitis ro- 
tundafis caule aculeato, floribus fparfts. Bauhinia with 
heart-floaped, bifid, rounded leaves , a prickly flalk , and 
flowers growing fparfly. Bauhinia aculeata foliis fubro- 
tundis bicornis flore magno albo. Houft. 
8. Bauhinia ( Variegata ) foliis ccrdatis lobis coadunatis 
obtufis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 375. Bauhinia with heart- 
floaped leaves , and cbtufe lobes which join together. Clio- 
vanna-mandaru. Hort. Mai. 1. p. 57. 
9. Bauhinia (Scandens) caule cirrhifero. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
374. Bauhinia with a flalk having tendrils. 
10. Bauhinia ( Divaricata ) foliis ovatis lobis divarica- 
tis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 374. Bauhinia with oval leaves 
whofe lobes fpread different ways. Bauhinia foliis quin- 
quenerviis laciniis acuminatis remotMimis. Hort. 
Cliff. 156. 
The Arft fort grows plentifully in Jamaica, and the’ 
other fugar iflands in America, where it rifes to the 
height of Axteen or eighteen feet, with a crooked 
ftem, and divides into many irregular branches, armed 
with fhort ftrong fpines, garnilhed with compound 
winged leaves, each having, two or three pair of 
lobes, ending with an odd one, which are oblique, 
blunt, and indented at the top. The ftalks are ter- 
minated by feveral long fpikes of yellow flowers, 
which are fucceeded by bordered pods, about three 
inches long, which contain two or three fwelling feeds. 
Thefe pods are glutinous, and have a ftrong bal- 
famic Icent, as have alfo the leaves when bruifed. 
It is called in America, the Indian Savin-tree, from 
its ftrong odour, fomewhat refembling the common 
O * ° 
bavin. 
The fecond fort was fent me from Campeachy, in 
1730, by the late Dr. Houfton, where he found it 
growing naturally. This rifes to the height of twelve 
or fourteen feet, with a fmooth ftem, dividing into- 
many branches, garnifhed with heart-fhaped leaves, 
having two fmooth-pointed lobes ; the extremity of 
every branch is terminated by a long fpike of yellow 
flowers, fo that when thefe trees are in flower, they 
make 
