f 
B I D 
Sp. Plant. 833. Hemp Agrimony with oval f awed leaves, 
the lower ones growing oppofite , but the upper having three 
lobes - , the middle of which is the largeft . Cryfanthemum 
conyzoides nodiflorum femme roftrato bidente. Sloan. 
Cat, Jam. 126. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Virginia, Maryland, 
and Canada,, where it is often a troublefome weed. 
It, rifes about three feet high, lending; out many ho- 
rizontal branches, garnifhed with trifoliate leaves, 
deeply fawed on their edges ; the flowers are pro- 
duced at the end of the branches in fmall clufters, 
which are yellow, and fucceeded by oblong fquare 
feeds, having two crooked horns, by which they fallen 
themfelves to the clothes of thole who pafs near them, 
There are two forts of this, one whole flowers have a 
fliorl: empalement, which is Tournefort’s broad-leaved 
■Canada Bidens •, the other hath a leafy empalement, 
and is by Juffieu diftinguifhed by the title of Capite 
foliofo. But I am not very fure of their being dif- 
tinft fpecies, though I have many years cultivated 
both ; for their feeds when ripe fpread fo far, that in 
a fmall garden they cannot be kept feparate. It is 
eafily propagated by feeds fown in the fpring, in an 
open- fituation, where, if the feeds are permitted to 
fcatter, the plants will come up the following fpring, 
and two or three of them may be tranfplanted where 
they are to grow, and after they are rooted, will re- 
quire no farther care. This is an annual plant, fo 
decays foon after the feeds are ripe. 
The lecond fort grows naturally in warm countries. 
This is an annual plant, which rifes near three feet 
hio-h, dividing upward into feveral branches, which 
are garnifhed with oblong entire leaves ; the flowers 
come out Angle at the diviflons of the branches, fit- 
ting clofe j thefe are white, and fucceeded by fmooth 
feeds. 
This fort mull be fown upon a moderate hot-bed in 
the fpring, and afterward treated like other hardy an- 
nual plants, planting them into the full ground the 
latter end of May. They will flower in June, and 
their feeds ripen in autumn, foon after which the 
plants will decay. 
The third fort grows naturally in South Carolina, and 
alfo at Campeachy. This is alfo an annual plant, 
which rifes three feet high, dividing upward into 
many ilender branches, whofe joints are far afunder j 
the leaves come out by pairs at each joint upon long 
Ilender foot-ftalks, which are oval, ending in a point. 
The flowers grow at the extremity of the branches in 
fmall globular heads, which are very white, Handing 
upon very long foot-ftalks, and fire fucceeded by 
fmooth feeds. This muft be fown upon a hot-bed, 
and treated as the former. It flowers and feeds about 
the fame time. 
The fourth fort 'rifes with a Ihrubby ftalk to the 
height of fix or feven feet, dividing into many 
branches, whofe joints are very diftant, at each of 
which are placed two oval leaves, ftightly lawed on 
their edges, and have ftiort foot-ftalks. The flowers 
are produced at the end of the branches in fmall cluf- 
ters, each Handing upon a long naked foot-ftalk •, 
thefe are fucceeded by flat feeds, having two fliort 
teeth at their extremity. I received the feeds of this 
fort from Carthagena in New Spain. This is propa- 
gated by feeds, which Ihould be fown on a hot-bed 
m the fpring •, and when the plants are fit to remove, 
- they muft be each planted into a feparate fmall pot, 
and plunged into a frefh hot-bed, and treated as other 
. tender plants from the fame countries, and in au- 
tumn placed in the ftove : the following fummer they 
will abide forne years with proper management. 
The fifth fort rifes with a climbing Ilender ftalk to 
the height of ten feet, dividing into many branches, 
garnifhed with trifoliate fawed leaves: the flowers 
grow in large panicles at the end of the branches ; 
they are yellow, and are fucceeded by flat feeds hav- 
- ing two teeth. This plant grows naturally in Jamai- 
ca, from whence I received the feeds. It muft be 
treated in the fame manner as the former fort, and 
will continue two or three years. 
7 
B 1 G 
The fixth fort is annual. This rifes about two feet 
high, and fends out feveral lateral fhoots, which at 
the bottom have oval leaves placed by pairs at the 
joints, but upward they are trifoliate, the middle lobe 
being very large, and the two fide ones fmall , the 
flowers are produced at the wings of the leaves upon 
fliort leafy foot-ftalks, and are yellow, but very fmall. 
It flowers in July, and the feeds ripen in autumn ; 
the feeds of this muft be fown upon a hot-bed, and 
treated as the fecond fort. 
B I F O L I U M, Twyblade. See Orhrys. 
BIG NON! A. Tourn. Inft. 164. Lin. Gen. Plant. 
677. [M. Tournefort called this plant Bignonia, in 
memory of abbot Bignon, librarian to Lewis XIV, 
king of France, he being a great encourager of learn- 
ing.] The Trumpet Flower, or Scarlet Jafmine. 
The Characters are, 
A he empalemnet is cup-JJoaped , quinquefid , and of one 
leaf. The flower is of the r in-gent, or grinning kind , tu- 
bulous , with long chaps , which are fwelling , and bell- 
jhaped , divided into five parts at the top ; the two upper 
fegments are reflexed , and the under fpread open ; it hath 
four awl-flo aped ftamina floor ter than the petal, two longer 
than the other, having oblong reflexed fummits. In the 
center is an oblong germen , fupporting a fender flyle, 
crowned by a roundifh fiigma. The germen afterward be- 
comes a bivalve pod , with two cells, filled with compref- 
fed winged feeds , lying over each other imbricatim. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond divi- 
fion of Linnaeus’s fourteenth cl aft, intitled Didyna- 
mia Angiofpermia, the flower having two long and 
two fliort ftamina, and the feeds included in a cap- 
fule. 
The Species are, 
1. Bignonia ( Radicans ) folks pinnatis, foliolis incifis, 
caule geniculis radicatis. Lin. Hort. Cliff. 217. Big- 
nonia with winged leaves, which are cut on their edges , 
and roots coming out at the joints of the ftalk. Bignonia 
Ame-r-i cana Fraxini folio flore amplo Phcenicio. Tourh. 
Inft. 164. 
2. BignoniA ( Catalpa ) foliis fimplicibus cordatis, caule 
eredto, fioribus diandris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 622. Big- 
nonia with Jingle heart-Jhaped leaves, an upright ftalk, 
and flowers with two ftamina. Bignonia Urucu foliis, 
flore fordide albo, intus maculis purpureis & luteis 
adfperfo, filiqua longiffima & anguftiffima. Catefb. 
Carol. 1. p. 49. 
3. Bignonia ( Frutefcens ) foliis pinnatis, foliolis lanceo- 
latis acutis ferratis, caule eredto, fioribus paniculatis 
erect is. Bignonia with winged leaves, having acute fawed 
lobes , an upright ftalk, and flowers growing in panicles 
eredi. Bignonia arbor flore luteo Fraxini folio. Plum. 
Sp. Plant. 5. 
4. Bignonia ( Pubefcens ) foliis conjugatis cirrhofis folio- 
lis cordato-lanceolatis foliis imis fimplicibus. Yir. 
Cliff. 59. Bignonia with conjugated leaves having ten- 
drils, the leaves fpear-floaped, and the lower leaves fingle. 
Bignonia Americana Capreolis donata filiqua breviore. 
Breyn. Ic. 33. 
5. Bignonia ( Unguis Cali) foliis conjugatis, cirrho bre- 
viffimo arcuato tripartito. Lin. Sp. Plant. 623. Big- 
nonia with conjugated leaves , and Jhor t arched tendrils , 
divided into three parts. Bignonia Americana capre- 
olis aduncis donata, filiqua longiffima. Tourn. Inft. 
1 64. 
6. Bignonia ( AEquinocIiadis ) foliis conjugatis cirrhofis, 
foliolis ovato-lanceolatis, pedunculis bifioris flliquiis 
linearibus. Lin. Sp. 869. Bignonia with conjugated 
leaves , having tendrils , whofe lobes are oval , fpear-fhap- 
ed, and linear pods. 
7. Bignonia ( Sempervirens ) foliis fimplicibus lanceolatis 
caule volubili. Lin. Sp. Plant. 623, Bignonia with 
Jingle fpear-Jhapsd leaves , and a twining ftalk. ^ Gelfe- 
mfnum five jafminum luteum odoratum Virginia- 
num fcandens & fempervirens. Park. Catefb. 1. 
p. 53. 
8. Bignonia ( Pentaphylla ) foliis digitatis foliolis inte- 
gerrimis obovatis. Hort. Cliff. 497' Bignonia with fin- 
gered leaves , whofe lobes are entire. Bignonia arbor pen- 
taphylla flore rofeo. Plum. Sp. Plant. 5 . 
9. Bigno- 
