B I G 
9. Bignonia ( Leucoxylon ) foliis digitatis foliolis integer- 
rimis ovatis acuminatis. Lin- Sp. Plant. 870. Bigno- 
nia with fingered leaves , whofe lobes are oval , pointed , 
and entire. Leucoxylon arbor filiquofa, quinis foliis, 
floribus Nerii, alato femine. Pluk. Aim. 215. tab. 
200. f. 4. commonly called in America 'Tulip Flower. 
10. Bic-nonia ( Paniculata ) foliis conjugatis cirrholis, 
• foliolis cordato-ovatis, floribus racemofo-paniculatis, 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 623. Bignonia with conjugated leaves , 
having, tendrils, the lobes oval and heart -fib aped , and flow- 
ers in branching panicles . Bignonia bifolia fcandens, 
flore violaceo odoro, frudtu ovato duro. Plum. Cat. 5. 
11. Bignonia ( C<erulea ) foliis bipinnatis foliolis lanceo- 
latis integris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 625. Bignonia with dou- 
ble winged leaves , which are entire and fpear-Jhaped. Ar- 
bor Guajaci latiore folio, Bignonke flore casruleo, 
frudtu duro in duas partes difiiliente feminibus alatis 
imbricatim pofitis. Catelb. Carol. 1. p. 42. 
12. Bignonia ( Crucigera ) foliis conjugatis cirrhofis fo- 
liolis cordatis. Vir. Cliff. 60. Bignonia with conjugated 
heart-Jhaped leaves , having tendrils , and a Jlalk having ten- 
drils. Pfeudo Apocynumfolliculis maximis obtufisfemi- 
nibus ampliflimis alis membranaceis. Mor. Hill. 2„p. 62. 
13. Bignonia (Capreolata ) foliis conjugatis cirrholis fo- 
liolis cordato-lanceolatis, foliis inns limplicibus. Lin. 
So. 870. Bignonia with conjugated heart-Jhaped leaves , 
having tendrils , whofe lower leaves are Jingle , growing 
in panicles , and long comprejfed pods. 
14. Bignonia ( Triphylla ) foliis ternatis glabris, foliolis 
ovatis acuminatis, caule fruticolb eredto. Lin. Sp. 
870. Smooth three-leaved Bignonia, with oval lobes end- 
ing in a point , and a Jhrubby Jlalk. Bignonia frutefcens 
triphylla glabra, flliquis longis compreffis. Hoult. 
Cat. 
The firlt fort grows naturally in Virginia and Ca- 
nada. It hath large rough items, which fend out 
many trailing branches, putting out roots at their 
joints, which fallen themfelves to the trees in their 
natural places of growth, whereby they climb to a 
great height ; and in Europe, where they are gene- 
rally planted againlt walls, they fallen themfelves 
thereto by their roots, which ftrike into the mortar 
of the joints fo fixongly, as to lupport their branches, 
and will rife to the height of forty or fifty feet. The 
branches are garnilhed with winged leaves at every 
joint, placed oppofite, compofed of four pair of fmall 
leaves, terminated by an odd one ; theie are fawed 
on their edges, and end in a long lharp point. The 
flowers are produced at the ends of the Ihoots of the 
fame year, in large bunches ; thefe have long fwell- 
ing tubes, lhaped fomewhat like a trumpet, from 
whence it had the appellation of Trumpet Flower. 
They are of an Orange colour, and appear the be- 
ginning of Augult. 
This fort is very hardy, fo will thrive in the open 
air •, but as the branches trail, they mult be fupport- 
ed, therefore are ufually planted againlt walls or build- 
ings, where, if the branches have room, they will 
fpread to a great diltance, and rife very high, fo are 
very proper for covering of buildings, which are un- 
flghtly. They may alio be trained up againft the 
Items of trees, where they may be fo managed, as to 
make a fine appearance when they are in flower. 
This is propagated by feeds, but the young plants fo 
raifed do not flower in lefs than feven or eight years ; 
therefore thofe which are propagated by cuttings or 
layers from flowering plants, are molt elteemed, be- 
caule they will flower in two or three years after 
planting. The old plants alfo fend out many fuck- 
ers from the roots, which may be taken off, and 
tranfpianted where they are to remain, for thefe plants 
will not tranfplant fafe-ly if they are old. 
The neceflary culture for thefe plants after they are 
eltablifhed, is to cut away all the fmall weak Ihoots 
of the former year in winter, and fhorten the ftrong 
ones to about two feet long, that young Ihoots may 
be obtained for flowering the following fummer •, thefe 
plants are of long duration. There are feme in gar- 
dens which have been planted more than flxty years, 
which are now very vigorous, and produce flowers in 
plenty every feafcn. 
If the plants are propagated by feeds, they fhould be 
fown upon a moderate hot-bed to bring them up, 
which fhould be foon inured to the open air, to pre- 
vent their being drawn up weak : and the firlt win- 
ter thefe young plants fhould be fereened from hard 
frolt, which will kill their tender Ihoots 1 but the 
fpring following they may be planted in the full 
ground, in a nurfery-bed, at a foot diltance from each 
other, where they may remain one or two years to get 
ftrength, and afterwards be planted where they are 
defigned to grow. 
The fecond fort was brought into England by Mr. 
Catefbv, about forty years paft, who found it grow- 
ing naturally on the back of South Carolina, at a 
great diltance from the Engihh fettlements. It is 
now very plenty in the Englifh gardens, efpecially 
near London, where there are feme of them near 
twenty feet high, with large items, and have the ap- 
pearance of trees. 
This fort rifes with an upright Item, covered with a 
fmooth brown bark, and fends out many ftrong la- 
teral branches, garnifned with very large heart-iliaped 
leaves, placed oppofite at every joint. The flowers 
are produced in large branching panicles toward the 
end of the branches, of a dirty white colour, with 
a few purple fpots, and faint Itripes of yellow on their 
inflde. The tube of the flower is much fnorter, and 
the upper part more expanded, than thofe of the for- 
mer fort, and the fegments deeper cut, and waved 
on their edges. The flowers are in America fuo 
ceeded by very long taper pods, filled with fiat winged 
feeds, lying over each other like the Icales of fifh. 
In England there has nor as yet been any of the pods 
produced, but the feeds are annually brought over 
from South Carolina. Thefe fhould be fown in pots, 
and plunged into a moderate hot-bed to bring up the 
plants, which fhould be inured to the open air by 
degrees ; and, in the beginning of June, placed abroad 
in a Iheltered fltuation till autumn, when they ihould 
be placed under a common frame to fcreen them 
from frolt in winter ; but in mild weather they mull 
be fully expofed to the open air. The following 
fpring thefe may be taken out of the pots, and planted 
in a nurfery-bed, in a warm fltuation, where they 
may remain two years to get ftrength, and afterwards 
■planted in the places where they are defigned to re- 
main. Thefe plants, when young, are frequently in- 
jured by frolt, for they fhoot pretty late fin the au- 
tumn, fo that the early frofts often kill the extremity 
of their branches ; but as the plants advance in 
ftrength, they become more hardy, and are feldom 
injured but in very fevere winters. It is late in the 
fpring before thefe trees come out, which has often 
caufed perfons to believe they were dead ; and home 
have been fo imprudent, as to cut them down on that 
fuppofition, before the tree was well known. 
It may alfo be propapated by cuttings, v/hich fhould 
be planted in pots in the fpring before the trees begin 
to puflh out their Ihoots, and plunged into a moderate 
hot-bed, obferving to lhade them from the fun in the 
middle of the day, and refrdli them occafionally with 
water, which mult not be given to them in too great 
plenty. In about fix weeks thefe will have taken 
root, and made Ihoots above, fo Ihould have plenty 
of air admitted to them conftantly, and hardened by 
degrees to bear the open air, into which they fhould 
be removed, and treated in the fame manner as the 
feedling plants, and the fpring following planted out 
into a nurfery-bed, as is before directed. 
As thefe trees have very large leaves, they require a 
Iheltered fltuation , for where they are much expofed 
to ftrong winds, their leaves are often tom and ren- 
dered unfightly, and many times their branches are 
fplit and broken by the winds, their leaves being fo 
large, as that the wind has great force againft them. 
Thefe produce their flowers in Augufc. They de- 
light in a light moift foil, where they make great pro- 
grefs, and in a few years will produce flowers. It 
is generally known in the gardens by the Indian title 
of Catalpa. ' 
The 
