' BOR 
winter feafon, thefe plants muft be fparingly watered ; 
but in fummer, when they are placed abroad, they 
will require to be frequently refrefhed, but muft not 
have too much water given them each time. 
Thefe plants make a pretty variety in the green-houfe 
in winter, and as they do not require any artificial 
heat to preferve them, they are worthy of a place in 
every garden where there is conveniency forkeeping 
them. 
BORDERS. The ufe of thefe in a garden, is to 
bound and inclofe parterres, to prevent them being 
injured by walking in them : thefe are commonly ren- 
dered very ornamental by means of the flowers, 
flhrubs, &c. that are planted in them. 
Thefe ought to be laid with a riling in the middle, 
becaufe, if they are flat, they are not agreeable to 
the eye. 
As for their breadth, five or fix feet are often allowed 
for the largeft, and four for the lefier. 
Borders are of four forts : thofe are the molt com- 
mon, that are continued about parterres without any 
interruption, and are wrought with a gentle riling 
in the middle, like an afs’s back, and planted with 
flowers. 
The fecond fort of borders is fuch as are cut into 
compartments, at convenient diftances, by fmall paf- 
fages ; and being alfo raifed in the middle, as before- 
mentioned, are likewife fet off with flowers. 
The third fort is fuch as are laid even and flat with- 
out flowers, having only a verge of grafs in the mid- 
dle, being edged with two fmall paths, raked fmooth 
and fanded. Thefe are fometimes garnilhed with 
flowering Ihrubs, and flowers of large growth, or 
with vales and flower-pots, placed regularly along 
the middle of the verge of grafs. 
The fourth fort is quite plain, and only fanded, as 
in the parterres of orangery, and is filled with cafes 
ranged in a regular order along thofe borders which are 
edged with Box on the, fides next to the walks ; and 
on the other, with verges and grafs-work next the 
parterre. 
Borders are either made ftrait, circular, or in cants, 
and are turned into knots, fcrolls, and other com- 
partments. 
Florifts alfo make borders either along walks, or de- 
tached, and in thefe they raife their fineft and cnoiceft 
flowers. Thefe are frequently encompaflfed with bor- 
der-boards painted green, which make them look ex- 
ceeding neat. 
But, in large parterres, this is not to be expected ; 
fince, if they be flocked with flowers fucceeding one 
another in their feveral feafons, it is fufficient, fo that 
nothing appears bare and naked, 
it is ufualto difeontinue the borders at the ends next 
to the houfe, that the embroidery and rife of the par- 
terre may not be hidden by the Ihrubs and flower- 
ing plants, and that the delign may be better judg- 
ed of. 
Since the modern way of gardening has been intro- 
duced in England, all the French tafte of parterres, 
fcroll-borders, and fret- work in Box, has been juftly 
banilhed our gardens : therefore I have only men- 
tioned them here, to expofe the tafte of thofe archi- 
tect-gardeners, who have no idea of the noble ftm- 
plicity of an open lawn of grafs, properly bounded 
by plantations ; but, inftead of this, divide, the part 
of the garden near the houfe, into various forms of 
borders edged with Box, with fand, Ihell, or gravel- 
walks leading about them, by which the ground is 
cut into many angles, fcrolls, &c. which is very hurt- 
ful to the eyes of a judicious perfon : therefore, where 
flowers are defired, there may be borders continued 
round the extent of the lawn, immediately before 
the plantations of flirubs ; which, if properly planted 
with hardy flowers to fucceed ea^ch other, will afford 
a much more pleaflng profpect than the ftiff borders 
made in fcrolls and compartments, after the French 
manner, can poffibly do. 
Thefe borders may be made fix or eight feet wide, 
in proportion to the extent of the garden and fize of 
BOR 
the lawn : for a final! lawn fhould not have very 
broad borders, nor ought a large lawn to be bounded 
by fmall borders •, fo that a due proportion fhould be 
always obferved in the laying out of gardens. 
BORR AGO [or Borago, which fignifies milch the 
fame as courage, becaufe it is a good raifer of the Spi- 
rits..] Borage. 
The Characters are, 
The empalement is divided into five farts at the top , and 
is permanent. The flower is of one leaf , having a fihort 
tube, fipread wide open above , being divided into five 
acute fegments at the brim. The chaps of the flower are 
crowned by five prominences , which are oh t ufe and indent- 
ed. It hath five ftamina . zvhich are joined together , 
crowned by oblong Jimmits. It hath four germen jituated 
in the center , and a Jingle ftyle longer than the jlahina , 
fupporting a frngle ftigma. The four germen afterward 
become fo many rmndijh rough feeds , inferted in the cavi- 
ties of the receptacle , and included in the large fwojlen 
empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the Hrft fefjtiori 
of Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pehtandria Mono- 
gynia, the flower having five ftamina and a Angle 
ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Borragq ( Officinalis ) folds omnibus alternis, ealyci- 
bus patentibus. Hort. Uplal. 34. Borage with all the 
leaves growing alternate , and a fpr ending' flower-cup ^ 
Borrago fioribus caeruleis. J. B. 
2. Borrago ( Orientals ) calycibus tubo corollre brevio- 
ribus, foliis cordatis. Hort. Cliff. 45. Borage with a 
flower-cup floor ter than the tube of the flower , andheart- 
fJoaped leaves. Borrago Conftantinopolitana flare re- 
flexo caeruleo calyce veficareo. Tourn. Cor. 6. 
3. Borrago ( Africana ) foliis ratnificationum oppofitis 
petiolatis, calycinis foliolis ovatis acutis erectis. Lin. 
Sp. 197. African Borage with leaves growing oppojiteic ) 
the branches upon foot folks, and the leaves of the em- 
palement oval , pointed , and eredi. CynogdofTum Bora- 
ginis folio & facie fEthiopicum. Pluk. Aim. 
4. Borrago ( Indica ) foliis ramificationum oppofitis ca- 
lycinis foliolis fagittatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 137. Borage 
with oppofite leaves on the branches, and fpear-Jhaped 
leaves to the flower-cup. Cynogloffoldes folio caulem 
amplexante. Ifnard. A£t. Scien. 1718. 
The firft is the common Borage, whofe flowers are 
ufed in medicine, and the herb for cool tankards in 
fummer. Of this there are three varieties, which ge- 
nerally retain their difference from feeds ; one hath a 
blue, the other a white, and another a red flower ; 
and there is one which hath variegated leaves. Thefe 
variations have continued feveral years in the Chelfea 
garden, with very little alteration ; but as they do 
not differ in any other refped from the common, I 
have only mentioned them as varieties. 
This is an annual plant, which, if permitted to flat- 
ter its feeds, the plants will come up in plenty with- 
out care , the feeds may alfo be fown either in fpring 
or autumn, but the latter feafon is preferable, on a 
fpot of open ground where the plants are defigned 
to remain ; when the plants have obtained a little 
ftrength, the ground fhould be hoed to deftroy the 
weeds, and the plants muff be cut up where they are 
too near each other, leaving them eight or ten inches 
afunder. After this they will require no farther care, 
unlefs the weeds fhould come up again ; then the 
ground fhould be a fecond time hoed over to deftroy 
them, which, if well pefbrmed, and in dry weather, 
will clear the ground from weeds, fo it will require no 
more cleaning till the Borage is decayed. The plants 
which are railed in the autumn, will flower in May, 
but thofe which are raifed in the fpring, will not flower 
till June ; fo that where a continuation of the flowers 
are required, there fhould be a feqon,d fdwing in the 
fpring, about a month after the firft 5 but this fliould 
be on a fhady border, and if the feafon fhould prove 
dry, the ground muft be watered frequently, to bring 
up the plants; this latter bowing will continue flow- 
er ir. 2 till the end of fummer. 
O o The 
Sfo 
S 
