) 
BOS 
The fetond fort was brought from Conftantinbple, 
where it grows naturally. This is a perennial plant, 
having thick flefliy roots, which fpread under the 
furface of the ground, and is thereby propagated 
with great facility. This fends out many * oblong 
heart-fhaped leaves from the root, without any order, 
having long hairy foot-ftalks ; from the root arifes 
the fiower-ftem, which is more than two feet high 
when fully grown, having at the joints a fingle Small 
leaf without a foot-ftalk. The upper part of the ftalk 
branches out into feveral fmall foot-ftalks, which are 
terminated by look panicles of flowers; thefe are of 
a pale blue colour, and the petal is reflexed backward, 
fo that the connected ftamina and ftyle are left naked. 
After the flowers are fallen, the four germen become 
fo many rough feeds, frnaller than thofe of the com- 
mon Borage. It flowers in March, and the feeds 
ripen in May. When the flower-ftalk firft appears, 
the flowers feern collected into a clofe fpike, fame 
of which often fpread open before the ftalk is fix 
inches high •, but as the ftalks advance, they divide 
into many loofe fpikes. 
It is eafily propagated by the root, which may be 
parted in the autumn : thefe fhould have a dry foil 
and a warm fituation, for as the flower-ftalks appear 
early in the fpring, fo when they are much expofed, 
they are often killed by the froft, and thereby pre- 
vented flowering •, if thefe plants are planted in dry 
rubbifh, they will not grow too luxuriant, fo wiil 
not be in danger of differing by froft. Some of the 
feeds of this have fcattered into the joints of an old 
wall in the Cheifea garden, where the plants have 
grown without care for feme years, and are never in- 
jured by cold or heat. 
The third and fourth forts grow naturally in Africa; 
thefe are both annual plants, which rarely rife a foot 
high, having rough ftalks ; thofe of the third fort 
are fet on by pairs oppofite, with fliort foot-ftalks, 
but the leaves of the fourth clofely embrace the ftalks 
at their bafe ; the flowers come out on fliort foot- 
ftalks from the wings of the leaves, and alfo at the 
top of the ftalks. Thofe of the third fort are white, 
and thofe of the fourth a pale fiefh colour; but 
neither of them make any great appearance, fo are 
feldom cultivated but in botanic gardens for va- 
riety. 
The feeds of thefe plants fliould be fown upon a hot- 
bed in March, and when the plants are ftrong enough 
to be removed, they fliould be each planted in a fmall 
pot filled with light earth, and plunged into a new 
hot-bed to bring them forward, otherwife they will 
not perfeft their feeds in this country ; but in hot 
weather they muft have a great fliare of air, otherwife 
they will draw up weak, and fail before the feeds 
are ripe. 
BOSEA, Yervamora, or Shrubby Golden-rod. 
The Characters are, 
It hath an empalement compofed of five roundifh , concave , 
equal leaves ; it hath no corolla , hut five awl-fh aped fta- 
mina longer than the empalement , terminated by Jingle 
fummits ; and -an oblong , oval? pointed germen^ with two 
fiigma fitting clofe upon it. The empalement afterward 
becomes a globular berry with one cell? inclojing one roundifh 
feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fetftion 
of Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Digynia, 
the flower having five ftamina and two ftyles. 
We have but one Species of this plant, viz. 
Bosea. ( Tervamora .) Lin. Hort. Cliff. 84. Arbor bacci- 
fera Canarienfis, fyringiae c Semite foliis, purpuran- 
tibus venis, fruftu monopyreno Yervamora Hifpa- 
norum. Pluk, Phyt. Commonly called Golden-rod-tree. 
This plant is a native of the iflands of the Canaries, 
and it hath alfo been fincc found in fome of the Bri- 
tifh iflands in America ; but was firft brought into 
England from the Canaries, and has been long an 
inhabitant of the Englifli gardens ; but I have not as 
yet feen any of thefe plants in flower, though I have 
had many old plants under my care more than forty 
years : it makes a pretty ftrong woody flirub, growing 
BRA 
with a fteiii as large as a middling perlbri’s leg; the 
branches come out very irregular, and make con- 
fiderable flioots in fummer, which fliould be fliortened 
every fpring, to preferve the heads of the plants in 
any tolerable order : thefe branches retain their leaves 
till toward the fpring, when they fall away, and new 
leaves are produced loon after : it may be propagated 
by cuttings planted in the fpring, and the plants muft 
be houfed in winter, being too ^tender to live in' the 
open air through the year, in this country. 
BOS QJJ E T S are little groves ; fo called from Bof- 
chetto, Italian, which is a diminutive of Bofco, a 
wood or grove. 
Thefe are fmall compartments in gardens, which are 
formed of trees, fhritbs, or tall large growing plants, 
planted in quarters ; and are either difpofed regularly 
in rows, or in a more wild or accidental manner, ac- 
cording to the fancy of the owner : thefe quarters are 
commonly furrounded with Evergreen hedges, and 
the entrance formed into regular porticos with Yews, 
which are by far the belt and moft tonfile trees for 
this purpofe. In the infide of thefe quarters may be 
made fome walks, either ftrait or winding ; which, 
if the quarters are large, fhould be five or fix feet 
broad, and may be laid with turf, and kept well 
mowed and rolled, which will render the walking 
much eafier and pleafanter than if the walks are only 
the common earth ; which in frnaller quarters cannot 
be otherwife, for if the trees are clofe, and the walks 
narrow, io as to be ihaded and over-hung by the trees, 
the grafs will not grow. 
Thefe quarters may be alfo furrounded with hedges 
of Lime, Elm, Hornbeam, or Beech ; which ftiould 
be kept well fheared, and not fuffered to rife too high ; 
that the heads or the trees may be fully feen over 
them, an :rom the fight, when 
in the walks on the outlide of the quarters. 
.. . :s, you fhould obferve 
to mix be v;oes, whicb produce their leaves of dif- 
ferent ftia.pt r , and various fhades of green, and hoary 
or me rdy leaves, fo as to afford an agreeable profpect : 
befides, there is a great variety of different fruits, 
which thefe trees produce in autumn ; which, altho’ 
of little or no uie, that we know of, yet have a very 
good eifiecL, in affording an agreeable variety for fome 
time after the leaves are gone ; as the Euonymus, or 
Spindle-tree, the Opulus, or Marin Elder, the Cock- 
fpur Hawthorn, with many other forts, too nume- 
rous to mention in this place ; whofe berries afford 
food for the birds, fo that they will be thereby invited 
to ftay and harbour in thefe little groves, which by 
their different notes, will render thefe places very 
agreeable in the fpring. But I would advife never to 
mix Evergreens with deciduous trees ; for, befides 
the ill effeeft it hath to the fight (especially in winter,) 
they feldom thrive well together ; fo that thofe quar- 
ters where you intend to have Evergreens, fhould 
be wholly planted therewith ; and in the other parts 
mix as many varieties of different tree's, which caft 
their leaves, as you can conveniently ; and alfo plant 
fome of the largeft growing flowers (efpecially near 
the outfide of the quarters,) which will add greatly 
to the variety, if they have but air enough to grow ; 
but if any of the Evergreen trees, are mixed, with the 
deciduous, it fhould be only to border the wood. 
Thefe bofquets are proper only for fpacious gardens, 
being expenfive in their firft making, as alfo in 
keeping. v 
BOTRYS. See Ci-ienopodium. 
BOX-TREE. See Buxus. 
B R A B E J U M, African Almond, vulgo. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath no empalement •? it is compofed of four 
narrow obtufie petals which are erehi ? forming a tube ? hit 
are turned backward at top ; it hath four fender ftamina 
which are inferted in the bottom of the petals , and are of 
the fame length , having fmall fummits. In the center is 
a fmall hairy germen , fupporting a fender ftyle , crowned 
by a fingle ftigma ; the germen afterward becomes an oval ? 
hairy ? dry berry ? indofing an oval nut , 
This 
