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out, you mu ft water them every other evening, until 
they have taken frefh root ; and afterwards, as the 
plants advance in height, you fhould draw the earth 
about their ftems with a hoe, which will keep the 
earth moift about their roots, and greatly ftrengthen 
the plants : you muft alfo obferve to keep them clear 
from weeds, which are apt to draw the plants up 
tali (if fuffered to grow amongft them,) and often 
fpoil them. 
Thefe Cabbages will forne of them be fit for ufe foon 
after Michaelmas, and will continue until the end of 
February, if they are not deftroyed by bad weather ; 
to prevent which, the gardeners near London pull 
up their Cabbages in November, and trench their 
ground up in ridges, laying their Cabbages againft 
their ridges as dole as polfible on one fide, burying 
their ftems in the ground : in this manner they let 
them remain till after Chriftmas, when they cut them 
for the market ; and although the outer part of the 
Cabbage be decayed (as is often the cafe in very wet 
or hard winters,) yet, if the Cabbages were large and 
hard when laid, the infide will remain found. 
The Ruffian Cabbage was formerly in much greater 
efteem than at prefent, it being now only to be found 
in particular gentlemens gardens, v/ho cultivate it 
for their own ufe, and is rarely ever brought to the 
market. This muft be fown late in the fpring of the 
year, and managed as thofe before directed; with 
this difference only, that thefe muft be fooner planted 
out for good, and muft have an open clear fpot of 
ground, and require much lefs diftance every way ; 
for it is but a very frnall hard Cabbage. Thefe will 
be fit for ufe in July or Auguft, but will not con- 
tinue long before they will break, and run up to 
feed. The beft method to have thefe Cabbages good, 
is to procure frefh feeds from abroad every year, for 
it is apt to degenerate in England in a few years. 
The early and Sugar-loaf Cabbages are commonly 
Fown for fummer ufe, and are what the gardeners 
about London commonly call Michaelmas Cabbages. 
The feafon for fowing of thefe is about the end of 
July, or beginning of Auguft, in an open fpot of 
ground ; and when the plants have got eight leaves, 
you muft prick them into beds at about three inches 
diftance every way, that the plants may grow ftrong 
and fhort fbanked; and in the middle of October 
you fhould plant them out for good ; the diftance 
that thefe require is, three feet row from row, and 
two feet and a half afunder in the rows. The gar- 
deners near London commonly plant thefe Cabbages 
upon the fame fpot of ground, where their winter 
Spinach is fown ; fo that when the Spinach is cleared 
off in the fpring, the ground will have a crop of 
Cabbages upon it; you. muft therefore clear off the 
Spinach juft round each plant early in the fpring, that 
with a hoe you may draw the earth up to the ftem 
and when all your Spinach is cleared off, which is 
commonly in the beginning of April, you muft hoe 
down all the weeds, and draw up the earth again 
about your Cabbage plants. 
In May, if your plants were of the early kind, they 
will turn in their leaves for cabbaging •, at which 
time, the gardeners near London, in order to obtain 
them a little fooner, tie in their leaves clofe with a 
flender Ofier-twig to blanch their middle ; by which 
means, they have them at leaft a fortnight fooner than 
they could have if they were left untied. 
The early Cabbage being the firft, we fhould choofe 
(if for a gentleman’s ufe) to plant the fewer of them, 
and a greater quantity of the Sugar-loaf kind, which 
comes after them; for the early kind will not fupply 
the kitchen long, generally cabbaging apace when 
they begin, and as foon grow hard, and burft open ; 
but the Sugar-loaf kind is longer before it comes, 
and is as flow in its cabbaging ; and, being of an 
hollow kind, will continue good for a long time. I 
have known a large quarter of ground, which was 
planted with this fort of Cabbage for market ufe, 
which hath afforded a fupply for near three months 
together. This, though of fmgular fervice to a gen- 
1 tie maids garden, is not fo much for the advantage 
of the market gardener, who loves to have his ground 
cleared fooner, that he may have another crop upon 
it, of Celery, Endive, &c. which is more to his 
purpofe ; for they, paying large rents for their land, 
are obliged to have as many crops in a year as 
poffible. 
Although I before have aclvifed the planting out of 
Cabbages for good in Odtober, yet the Sugar-loaf 
kind may be planted out in February, and will fuc- 
ceed as well as if planted earlier, with this difference 
only, that they will be later before they cabbage. 
You fhould alfo referve fome plants of the early kind 
in fome well-flickered foot of ground, to fupply your 
plantation, in cafe of a defect ; for in mild winters 
many of the plants are apt to run to feed, efpecially 
when their feeds are fown too early, and in fevere 
winters they are often deftroyed. 
The Savoy Cabbages are propagated for winter ufe, 
as being generally efteemed the better when pinched 
by the froft : thefe muft be fown about the middle 
of April, and treated after the manner as was diredted 
for the common white Cabbage ; with this difference, 
that thefe may be planted at a clofer diftance than 
thole ; two feet and a half fquare will be fufficient. 
Thefe are always much better when planted in an 
open fituation, which is clear from trees and hedges; 
for in clofe places they are very fubjeft to be eaten 
almoft up by caterpillars, and other vermin, efpecially 
if the autumn prove dry. 
The Borecole may be alfo treated in the fame manner, 
but need not be planted above one foot, afunder in 
the rows, and the rows two feet diftance : thefe are 
never eaten till the froft hath rendered them tender, 
for otherwife they are tough and bitter. 
The feeds of the Broccoli, (of which there are fe- 
veral kinds, viz. the Roman, or purple, and the 
Neapolitan, or white, and the black Broccoli, with, 
fome others ; but the Roman is chiefly preferred to 
them all) fhould be fown about the latter end of 
May, or beginning of June, in a moift foil ; and 
when the plants are grown to have eight leaves, tranf- 
plant them into beds (as was directed for the com- 
mon Cabbage ;) and toward the middle of July they 
will be fit to plant out for good, which fhould be 
into fome well fheltered fpot of ground, but not under 
the drip of trees : the diftance thefe require is about 
a foot and a half in the rows, and two feet row from 
row. The foil, in which thiey fhould be planted, 
ought to be rather light than heavy, fuch as are the 
kitchen gardens near London : if your plants fucceed 
well (as there will be little reafon to doubt, unlefs 
the winter prove extreme hard,) they will begin to 
fhew their fmall heads, which are fomewhat like a 
Cauliflower, but of a purple colour, about the end 
of December, and will continue eatable till the middle 
of April. 
The brown or black Broccoli is by many perfons 
greatly efteemed, though it doth not deferve a place 
in the kitchen-garden, where the Roman Broccoli 
can be obtained, which is much fweeter, and will 
continue longer in feafon : indeed, the brown fort is 
much hardier, fo that it will thrive in the coldeft fi- 
tuations, where the Roman Broccoli is fometimes 
deftroyed in very hard winters. The brown fort 
fhould be fown in the middle of May, and managed 
as hath been directed for the common Cabbage, and 
fhould be planted at the fame diftance (which is about 
two feet and a half afunder.) This will grow very 
tall, fo fhould have the earth drawn up to their ftems 
as they advance in height. This doth not form 
heads fo perfect as the Roman Broccoli ; the ftems 
and hearts of the plants are the parts which are 
eaten. 
The Roman Broccoli (if well managed) will have 
large heads, which appear in the center of the plants, 
like clutters of buds. Thefe heads fhould be cut 
before they run up to feed, with about four or five 
inches of the ftem ; the fkin of thefe ftems fliould be 
ftripped off, before they are boiled: thefe will be 
P p very 
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