B U X 
river Thames, clofe by the Chelfea garden, where 
they continued their ufual fmali iize many vears. 
.BUXUS, the' Box Tree. ' 
The Characters are, 
It hath mate arid female flowers*on the fame plant *, the 
male flowers have a three-leaved , and the female a four- 
leaved empalement , which are concave. lie male flowers 
have two , and the female three concave petals , which 
are larger than the empalement. The male flowers have 
four upright ftamina , terminated by double erect fummits 
with a rudiment of a germen , but no ftyle or ftigma : the 
female flowers have roundifb, blunt, three-cornered germen, 
fupporting three very flhort ftyles , crowned by obtufle prickly 
ftigma. 'The empalement afterward becomes a romdijh 
■ cap fide, flopped like an inverted pottage pot , opening in 
three cells, each having two oblong feeds, which are cafl 
forth by the elafticity of the pod when ripe. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth fection 
of Linnaeus’s twenty-firft clafs, intitled Moncecia 
Tetrandria, there being male and female flowers on 
the fame plant, and the male flowers having four 
ftamina. 
The Species are. 
1. Buxus ( Arbor efcens ) arborefcens, foliis ovatis. Tree 
Box with oval leaves. Buxus arborefcens. C. B. P. 
2 3 2 - 
2. Buxus ( Angnftifolia ) arborefcens foliis lanceolatis. 
Tree Box with fpear-floaped leaves. Buxus anguftifolia. 
Raii Syn. 445. Narrow-leaved Box. 
3. Buxus ( Suffruticofa ) humilis foliis orbicularis. Dwarf 
Box with round leaves. Buxus humilis. Dod. pempt. 
782. Dwarf or Dutch Box. 
r Thefe are three certainly diftindt fpecies. The two 
forts of Tree Box have been frequently raifed from 
feeds, and conftantly produced plants of the fame 
' kind from thofe the feeds were taken from ; and the 
Dwarf Box will never rife to any conflderable height 
with any culture, nor have I ever feen this fort flower, 
where the plants have been encouraged to grow many 
years in the greateft luxuriancy. There are two or 
three varieties of the firft fort, which are propagated 
in the gardens, one with yellow, and the other white 
ftriped leaves. The other hath the tops of the leaves 
only marked with yellow, which is called Tiped Box. 
The firft and fecond forts grow in great plenty upon 
B Y T 
Box-hill, near Darking in Surry, where were formerly 
large trees of thefe kinds •, but of late they have been 
pretty much deftroyed, yet there are great numbers 
of the trees remaining, which are of a conflderable 
bignefs. The 'wood of this tree is very ufeful for 
turners, engravers, and mathematical inftrument- 
makers, the wood being fo hard, clofe, and ponder- 
ous, as to fink in water, which renders it very valua- 
ble for divers utenfils. 
Ail the varieties of the tree or large Box are proper 
to intermix in chimps of Evergreens, &c. where they 
add to the variety of fuch plantations ; thefe may be 
propagated by planting the cuttings in autumn in a 
fhady border, obferving. to keep them watered until 
they have taken root, when they may be tranfplanted 
into nurferies, till they are fit for the purpofes intend- 
ed. The belt feafon for removing thefe trees is in 
October, though indeed, if care be ufecl to take them 
up with, a good ball of earth, they may be tranfplant- 
ed alrnoft at any time, except in fu miner. Thefe 
trees are a very great ornament to cold and barren 
foils, where few other things will grow ; they may 
alfo be propagated by laying, down the branches, or 
from feeds : the laft being the belt method to have 
them grow to be large, the feeds rnuffc be fown foon 
after they are ripe in a fhady border, which mull be 
duly watered in dry weather. 
The Dwarf kind of Box is ufed for bordering flower- 
beds or borders •, for which purpofe it far exceeds 
any other plant, it being fubjedl to no injuries from 
cold or heat, and is of long duration, is very eafily 
kept handfome, and, by the firmnefs of its rooting, 
keeps the mould in the borders from wafhing into the 
gravel-walks, more effeftually than any plant what- 
ever. This is increafed by parting the roots, or plant- 
ing the flips ; but as it makes fo great an increafe of 
itfelf, and fo eafily parts, it is hardly worth while to 
plant the flips that have no roots. It is now be- 
come fo common, that it may be purchafed from the 
nurferies at a cheap rate. 
The manner of planting this in edgings, &c. is fo 
well underftood by every working gardener, that it 
would be needlefs to mention any thing of that kind 
here. 
BYTTNERIA. See Basteria. 
G. 
1 
C A C 
AAPEBA. See Cissampelus. 
CABBAGE. See Brassica. 
CABINET, in a garden, is a conveniency 
which differs from an arbour, in this, that 
an arbour or fummer-houfe is of great length, and 
arched over head in the form of a gallery •, but a ca- 
binet is either fquare, circular, or in cants, making 
a kind of falon, to be fet at the ends, or in the mid- 
dle of a long arbour. 
C AC AL I AN THE MUM. See Cacalia. 
CACALIA, Foreign Coltsfoot. 
The Characters are. 
It hath compound flowers which are included in one com- 
mon , cylindrical , fcaly empalement : the flowers are tu- 
itions and funnel-fhaped , cut at the top into five parts 
which ft and eredt ; thefe have each five floor i finder fta- 
mina , " terminated by cylindrical fummits. The germen is 
crowned with down, fupporting a fender ftyle, crowned 
by two oblong recurved ftigma the germen afterward be- 
comes & Jingle oblong feed, cnkhned uith long down. 
* 6 
C AC 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 
Linnseus’s twenty-firft clafs, intitled Syngenefia poly- 
gamia sequalis ; thefe have all hermaphrodite flowers 
which are fertile. 
The Species are, 
1. Cacalia (. Alpina ) foliis reniformibus acutis denticu- 
latis calycibus fubtrifioris. Gouan. Monfp. 429. Ca- 
calia with kidney -flo aped leaves which are Jharply indent- 
ed, and generally three flowers in each empalement. Ca- 
calia foliis craflls hirfutis. C. B. P. 197. 
2. Cacalia ( Glabra ) foliis cutaneis acutioribus & gla- 
bris. C. B. P. 198. Cacalia with ftnooth leaves, having 
acute points. Cacalia glabro folio. Cluf. Hift. 2. 
p. 115. 
3. Cacalia ( Suaveolens ) caule herbaceo foliis haftato-fa- 
gittatis denticulatis, petioiis fuperne dilatatis. Hort. 
Upfal. 254. Cacalia with an herbaceous ftalk , 'fpear- 
Jhaped indented leaves y and the upper fide if the foot -ftalk 
fpreading. Cacalia Americana procerior, folio triangu- 
lari per bafin auriculate, floribus albis. Edit.- prior. 
4. Cacalia 
