C AC 
4. Cacalia ( Atriplidfolia ) caulfe herbaceo, foliis fob- 
cordatis dentato-fmuatis, calycibus quinqueftoris. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 835. Cacalia with an herbaceous ftalk, heart- 
Jhaped fmuated leaves , and five florets in each empalement. 
Nardus Americana procerior, foliis casfiis. Pluk. Aim. 
2'5I. 
5. Cacalia (Fic aides) caule fruticofo, foliis compreffis 
carnofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 834. Cacalia with a fhrubby 
ftalk , and fiejhy compreffed leaves. Senecio Africanus 
arborefcens, ficoidis folio & fac 10. Com. Rar. Plant.40. 
6. Cacalia ( Kleinia ) caule fruticofo compofito, foliis 
lanceolatis planis, petiolorum cicatricibus obfoletis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 834. Cacalia with a compound fhrubby 
ftalk , plain fpear-fhaped leaves , and the foot-ftalks leav- 
ing fears. Cacalianthemum folio nerii glauco. Hort. 
Elth. 61. tab. 54. • 
7. Cacalia ( Papillaris ) caule fruticofo obvollato fpinis j 
petiolaribus truncatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 834. Cacalia \ 
with a fhrubby ftalk , guarded on every fide with broken 
rough foot-ftalks. Cacalianthemum caudice papillari. 
Hort. Elth. 63. tab. 55. 
8 . Cacalia ( Ante-euphorbium ) caule fruticofo, foliis ova- 
to-oblongis, petiolis bafi linea triplici dedudis. Lin. 
Sp. Plant. 834. Cacalia with a fhrubby ftalk, oblong oval 
leaves , and three lines connected to the bafe of the foot- 
ftalk. Kleinia- foliis carnofis planis ovato-oblongis. 
Hort. Cliff. 395. 
9. Cacalia ( Sonchifolia ) caule herbaceo, foliis lyratis 
amplexicaulibus dentatis. Lin. Sp. 1169. CacdUa with 
an herbaceous ftalk , and lyre-ftoaped indented leaves em- 
bracing the ftalk. 
10. Cacalia ifLutea) caule herbaceo, foliis quinque- 
partitis acutis fubtus glaucis, fforibus terminalibus 
pedunculis longiffimis. Cacalia with an herbaceous ftalk , 
leaves divided into five acute parts, glaucous on their under 
fide, and flowers withlong foot-ftalks terminating the ftalks. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Auftria, and the 
Helvetian mountains, but is frequently preferved in 
curious gardens for the fake of variety. This hath a 
fiefhy root which fpreads in the ground, from which 
fpring up many leaves, Handing on fingle foot- 
ftalks, fhaped like thofe of Ground Ivy, but of a 
thicker texture, of a filming green on their upper 
fide, but white on their under ; between thele arife 
the foot-ftalk, which is round, branching toward the 
top, and grows a foot and a half high j under each 
divifion of the ftalk is placed a fingle leaf, of the 
fame fhape with thofe below, but much fmaller •, the 
branches are terminated by purplifh flowers, grow- 
ing in a fort of umbel. Thefe are fucceeded by ob- 
long feeds, crowned with down. 
The fecond fort hath the appearance of the firft, but 
the leaves are almoft heart-fhaped, pointed, and 
fharply fawed on their edges, and on both fldes very 
green •, the ftalks rife higher ; the leaves upon the 
ftalks have much longer foot-ftalks than thofe of the 
firft. The flowers of this are of a deeper purple co- 
lour. This grows naturally on the Alps. They flower 
toward the end of May, or the beginning of June. 
The third fort grows naturally in North America. 
This hath a perennial creeping root, which fends 
out many ftalks, garnifhed with triangular fpear- 
fhaped leaves, fharply fawed on their edges, of a pale 
green on their under fide, but a deep fhining green 
above, placed alternately. The ftalks rife to the 
height of feven or eight feet, and are terminated by 
umbels of white flowers, which are fucceeded by ob- 
long feeds crowned with down. It flowers in Au- 
guft, and the feeds ripen in Oftober. This plant 
multiplies greatly by its fpreading roots, and alfo by 
the feeds, which are fpread to a great diftance by the 
wind, the down which adheres to them being greatly 
afiifting to their conveyance. The roots of this 
plant, which have been call out of the Chelfea gar- 
den, have been carried by the tides to a great diftance, 
where they have lodged on the banks of the river, and 
fattened themfelves to the ground, and have increafed 
ib much, as that in a few years, it may appear as a 
native of this country. The ftalks decay in autumn, 
and new ones arife in the fpring. 
C A C 
The fourth fort is a native of America, but has beeri 
many years in fome curious gardens. ' This hath a 
perennial root, and an annual ftalk. The root is 
compofed of many fiefhy fpreading tubers, fending 
out feveral ftrong ftalks in the fpring, which rile 
four or five feet high, gam iflied with roimdifh heart- 
fhaped leaves^ greatly indented on their edges, of a 
fea-green on their under fide, but darker above, placed 
alternately the length of the ftalks, which are termi- 
nated by umbels of yellowifh herbaceous flowers, ap- 
pearing in July and Auguft, and are fucceeded by 
feeds like thofe of the former fort, which ripen in 
October. 
The firft and fecond forts are propagated by parting 
their roots, for they feldom produce good feeds in. 
England. The belt time to tranfplant and part their 
roots is in autumn; They require a loamy foil and 
a fhady fituation. 
The third and fourth forts propagate in great plenty,- 
both by their fpreading roots, and alfo their feeds. 
The roots fhould be, tranfplanted in autumn, and re- 
quire a mo ill: foil and an open fituation. If the feeds 
are permitted to fcatter, the plants will come up iri 
the fpring without any care; 
The fifth fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 
Hope. This riles with ftrong round ftalks to the 
height of feven or eight feet, which are woody at bot- 
tom, but loft and fucculent upward, fending out 
many irregular branches, garnifhed more than half 
their length with thick, taper, fucculent leaves, a 
little compreffed on two fldes, ending in points, co- 
vered with a whitifh glaucous farina, which comes 
off when handled. Thefe, wdicn broken, emit a 
ftrong odour of turpentine, and are full of a vifcous 
juice-, at the extremity of the branches the flowers 
are produced in fmall umbels ; they are white, tubu- 
lous, and cut into five parts at the top. The ftig- 
ma wdiich crowns the ftyle is of a dark purple colour, 
and Hands ere£t above the tube. The ftamina are 
much fhorter, and furround the oblong germen, which 
is fituated in the center of the tube, and is crowned by 
long, white, hairy down. The germen afterward be- 
comes an oblong feed, with the fame dow r n adhering 
to it but thefe do not ripen in England. Some of 
the noblemen in France have the leaves of this plant 
pickled in doing of which, they have a contrivahce 
to preferve the white farina with which they are co- 
vered, and thereby render them very beautiful. 
This fort is eafily propagated by cuttings during the 
fummer months : thefe fhould be cut from the plants 
and laid to dry a fortnight, that the wound may be 
healed over before they are planted. Moft people 
plunge the pots, in which thefe are planted, into a 
moderate hot-bed, to forward their putting out roots •, 
but if they are planted in June or July, they will 
root as well in the open air. I have frequently had 
the branches broken off by accident, and fallen on 
the ground, which have put out roots without any 
care. Thefe branches may be kept fix months out 
of the ground, and will take root if planted. This 
fhould have a light fandy earth, and in winter be 
placed in an airy glafs-cafe, where they may enjoy the 
fun and air in mild weather, but mutt be protected 
from froft. During the winter feafon, the plants 
muft have but little water ; and in fummer, when 
they are placed in the open air, it fhould not be giyen 
them too often, nor in great quantity, but treated 
like the Ficoides, and other fucculent plants from 
the fame country. It flowers ufually in autumn, but 
is not conftant to any feafon. 
The fixth fort grows naturally in the Canary I (lauds, 
but has been Ions; an inhabitant in the Enhlifii gar- 
dens. This rifes with a thick fiefhy Item, divided 
at certain diftances, as it were, in lb many joints 
each of thefe divifions fweil much larger in the mid- 
dle than they do at each end the ftalks divide into 
many irregular branches of the fame form, which, 
toward their extremities, are garnifhed with long, nar- 
row, fpear- fhaped leaves, of a glaucous colour, Hand- 
ing all round the ftalks without order. - As thefe fall 
T t off. 
