CAN 
but as there is little beauty in this fort, a few plants 
for variety will be as many as moft perfons will choofe 
to keep. There is a variety of this with variegated 
leaves, which is prefer ved in fome gardens, and is 
propagated by parting the roots ; but this hath little 
beauty, fo is fcarce worth cultivating. 
GAN EL LA. See Winterana. 
GAN NAB IN A. See Datisca. 
CANNABIS GT] Lin. Gen. Plant. 988. 
rlemp. 
The Characters are. 
It is male and female in different plants. I he male 
fcivers have a five-leaved ernpalement which is concave , 
hut have no petals •, they have five fijort hairy ftamina , 
terminated hy oblong fquare fummits. ’The female flowers 
have permanent ernpalement s of one leaf which are oblong 
and pointed. They have no petals , hut a fmall germen , 
fupporting two long ftyles , crowned by acute ftigma 
the fmall germen afterward becomes a globular depreffed 
feed , inclofed in the ernpalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fifth feftion of 
Linnaeus’s twenty-fecond clafs, intitled Dicecia Pen- 
tandria, the male and female flowers being in feparate 
plants, and the male having five ftamina. 
We have but one Species of this plant, which is, 
Cannaeis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1027. Hemp. Cannabis 
fativa. C. B. P. 320. Manured Hemp. Moft of the 
old v/riters have applied the latter title to the female 
Hemp, and the male they have titled Cannabis erra- 
tica, or Wild Hemp •, but as both arife from the fame 
feeds, fo they fhould not be made different plants. 
This plant is propagated in the rich fenny parts of 
Lincolnfhire, in great quantities, for its bark, which 
is ufeful for cordage, cloth, &c. and the feeds afford 
an oil, which is ufed in medicine. 
Hemp is always fown on a deep, moift, rich foil, fuch 
as is found in Holland, in Lincolnihire, and the fens 
in the ifle of Ely ; where it is cultivated to great ad- 
vantage, as it might in many other parts of England, 
■where there is the like foil •, but it will not thrive on 
day, or ftiff cold land : it is efteemed very good to 
deftroy weeds, which is no other way effedted, but 
by robbing them of their nourifhment ; for it will 
greatly impoverifli the land, fo that this crop muft 
not be repeated on the fame ground. 
The land on which Hemp is defigned to be fown, 
fhould be well ploughed, and made very fine by har- 
rowing ; about the middle of April is a good feafon for 
fowing the feed : three bufhels is the ufual allowance 
for an acre, but two is fully fufficient. In the choice 
of the feed, the heavieft and brighteft coloured fhould 
be preferred ; and particular care fhould be had to the 
kernel of the feed, fo that fome of them fhould be 
cracked to fee if they have the germ or future plant 
perfect ; for in fome places the male plants are drawn 
out too foon from the female, i. e. before they have 
impregnated the female plants with the farina : in 
which cffe, though the feeds produced by thefe fe- 
male plants, may feem fair to the eye, yet they will 
not grow, as is well known by the inhabitants of 
Bickar, Swinefhead, and Dunmngton, three parifhes 
in the fens of Lincolnfhire, where Hemp is cultivated 
in great abundance, who have dearly bought their 
experience. 
When the plants are come up, they fhould be hoed 
out in the fame manner as is pradtifed for Turneps, 
leaving the plants a foot or fixteen inches apart ; ob- 
ferve alfo to cut down all the weeds, which, if well 
performed, and in dry weather, will deftroy them. 
This crop will require a fecond hoeing about a month 
or fix weeks after the firft, in order to deftroy the 
weeds. If this be well performed, it will require no 
farther care ; for the Hemp will foon after cover the 
ground, and prevent the growth of weeds. 
The firft feafon for pulling the Hemp, is ufually about 
the middle of Auguft, when they begin to pull what 
they call the Finable Hemp, which is the male plants ; 
but it would be much the better method to defer this 
a fortnight or three weeks longer, until thefe male 
plants have fully fhed their duft, without which, the 
feeds will prove abortive, produce nothing i if fown 
the next year, nor will thole concerned in the oil- 
mills give any thing for them, there being only empty 
hufks, without any kernels to produce the oil. Thefe 
male plants begin to decay foon after they have fined 
their farina. 
The fecond pulling is a little after Michaelmas, when 
the feeds are ripe : this is ufually called Karle Hemp, 
it is the female plants which were left at the time 
when the male were pulled. This Karle Hemp is 
bound in bundles of a yard compafs, according to 
ftatute meafure, which are laid in the fun for a few 
days to dry ; and then it is flacked up, or houfed to 
keep it dry, till the feed can be threfhed out. An 
acre of Hemp on a rich foil, will produce near three 
quarters of feed, which, together with the unwrought 
Hemp, is worth from fix to eight pounds. 
Of late years the inhabitants of the Britifh colonies 
in North America, have cultivated this ufeful plant, 
and a bounty was granted by parliament for the Hemp, 
which was imported from thence ; but whether the 
inhabitants of thofe colonies grew tired of cultivating 
it, or the bounty was not regularly paid, I cannot 
fay ; but whatever has been the caufe, the quantity 
imported has by no means anfwered the expectation 
of the public, which is greatly to be lamented 5 he- 
caufe, as this commodity is fo effential to the marine, 
which fhould be the principal objedt of this king- 
dom, the being furnifhed with it from our own 
plantations, will not only fave the ready money paid 
for it, but fecure to the country an ample fupply at 
all times, without being obliged to our neighbours 
for it. 
CANNACORUS. See Canna. 
CAPERS. See Capparis. 
CAPEL LAMENTS [ Capillamenta , Lat.} the 
firings or threads about the roots of plants. 
CAPILLARY plants, [of Capillar is, Lat. of, or 
like hair,] are fuch plants as have no main ftem, but 
the leaves arife from the root upon pedicles, and pro- 
duce their feeds on the back of their leaves, as the 
Fern, Maiden Hair, &c. 
CAPITULUM; i. e. a little head ; the head or 
top of any flowering plant. 
CAPNOIDES. 1 Q „ 
CAPNORCHIS.f ee Pumaria. 
CAPPARIS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 567. The Caper 
Bufh. 
The Characters are, 
The ernpalement is compofed of three oval concave leaves ; 
the flower hath four large roundijh petals , which are 
indented at the top , and fpread open it hath a great 
number of fender ftamina , which are as long as the petals , 
terminated by fingle fummits. In the midft of thefe arife 
a fingle fiyle longer than the ftamina , with an oval ger- 
men. , crowned by a fhort ohtufe ftigma. The germen af- 
terward becomes a flefhy turbinated cap file , with one cell , 
filled with kidney -fh aped feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fed ion of 
Linnaeus’s thirteenth clafs, intitled Polyandria Mono- 
gynia, the flower having many ftamina and but one 
ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Capparis ( Spinofa ) pedunculis folitariis unifloris, fti- 
pulis fpinofis foliis annuis, capfulis ovalibus. Lin. 
Sp. 720. Caper with one flower on each foot-ftalk, prickly 
ftipula , annual leaves , and oval fruit. Capparis fpi- 
nofa, frudlu minore, folio rotundo. C. B. P. 480. 
2. Capparis ( Baducca ) pedunculis fubfolitariis, foliis 
perfiftentibus ovato-oblongis nudis determinate con- 
fertis. Lin. Sp. 720. Caper with fingle foot-folks , ob- 
long . , oval , naked leaves in clnflers , which are always 
green. Capparis arborefeens Indica Baducca didla. 
Raii Hift. 1630. Indian Tree Caper, called Baducca. 
3. Capparis [Arborefeens) foliis lanceolato-ovatis peren- 
nantibus caule arborefeenti. Caper with oval fpear- 
ftoaped leaves which continue through the year , and a tree- 
like folk. 
4. Capparis ( Cynophallophora ) pedunculis multifloris 
terminalibus angulatis, foliis perfiftantibus ovalibus 
obtufis. 
V 
