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CAR 
f Card amine ( Hirfuto ) follis pinnatis, froribus tetfan- 
ehs. Hart. Cliff. 336. Ladies Smock, or impatient Grefs 
with winged leaves , and flowers with four ft amina. Car- 
damine quarta. Dalechamp. Ludg. 
4. Cardamine ( Imp aliens ) foliis pinnatis incifis ftipula- 
tis, floribus apetalis. Lin. Sp. 914. Impatient Grefs 
with winged leaves , cut fit pula , and fugacious flowers. 
. Cardamine pratenfis parvo flore. Tourn. Inft. 224. 
5. Cardamine (Graca) foliis pinnatis foliolis palmatis 
tequalibus petiolatis. Prod. Ley. 345. Impatient Crefs 
with winged leaves , whofe lobes are handed , equal , and 
have floot-j. 'talks. Cardamine Sicula, foliis Fumarias. 
Tourn. Inft. 225. Sicilian impatient Crefs with Fumitory 
. leaves. 
6. Cardamine {Amara) foliis pinnatis, foliolis fubrotun- 
dis angulofis. Hall. Elelv. 558. Impatient Crefs with 
winged leaves , whofe lobes are roundifh and angular. 
Nafturtium aquaticurn majus & amarum. C. B. P. 
1 04. 
7. Cardamine (Trifolia) foliis ternatis obtufis, caule 
fubnudo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 654. Three-leaved impatient 
Crefs with a naked flalk. Nafturtium Alpinum trifo- 
lium. C. B. P. 104. 
8. Cardamine ( Belli difolia ) foliis fimplicibus ovatis in- 
tegerrimis petiolis longis, Flor. .Lap. 206. Impatient 
Crefs with Jingle , oval , entire , leaves , having long foot- 
flalks. Nafturtium Alpinum Beliidis folio minus. 
C. B. P. 105. S 'mailer Alpine Crefs with a Dai fey leaf. 
9. Cardamire (fpetreeaf foliis fimplicibus oblongis den- 
tatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 654. Impatient Crefs with Jingle , 
oblong , indented leaves. Nafturtium petrteum. Pluk. 
Aim. 261. Rock Crefs. 
10. Cardamine ( Chelidonia ) foliis pinnatis foliolis qui- 
nis incifis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 655. Impatient Crefs with 
winged leaves , having five lobes which are cut. Carda- 
mine glabra Chelidonii folio. Tourn. Inft. 225. 
The ftrft fort grows naturally in the meadows in 
many parts of England •, it is called Cuckow Flower, 
and Ladies Smock. Of this there are four varieties, 
viz. the fmgle purple with white flowers, which are 
frequently intermixed in the meadows, and the double 
flower of both colours. The Angle forts are feldom 
admitted into gardens ; but as the firft fort ftands in 
the lift of medicinal plants, I have enumerated it. 
The young leaves of this plant have been gathered 
in the fpring, by fome peribns, and put into fallads 
inftead of Crefs : it is fuppofed to be an antifcorbutic. 
The two varieties with double flowers were acci- 
dentally found growing in the meadows, and were 
tranfplanted into gardens, where they have been pro- 
pagated. Thefe deferve a place in fliady moift bor- 
ders of the flower-garden, where they will thrive, and 
make a pretty appearance during their continuance in 
flower : they are propagated by parting their roots ; 
the belt time for this is in autumn, when they fhould 
be tranfplanted annually. They delight in a foft 
loamy foil, not too fluff, and muft have a fliady fitu- 
ation. This flowers in May, and in cool feafonswill 
^continue part of June. 
The feventh, eighth, and tenth forts, grow naturally 
on the Alps, and other mountainous places. I re- 
ceived thefe from Verona, in the neighbourhood of 
which place they grow naturally. Thefe are low per- 
ennial plants, which may be propagated by parting 
their roots in the autumn, and require a ftrong foil 
and fhady fltuation : they may alfo be propagated by 
feeds, which fhould be fown in the autumn, on a 
■fhady border, where they will come up foon after, 
and are never hurt by froft, fo will flower the follow- 
ins’ feafon. Thefe varieties are preferved in fome 
gardens, but having little beauty, are feldom admit- 
ted into the flower-garden. 
The 'ninth fort is a low biennial plant, which grows 
naturally in feveral parts of England and Wales, and 
Is preferved' in fome gardens for the fake of variety. 
It maybe propagated by feeds, which fhould be fown 
In the autumn, upon poor light ground in an open 
fltuation, and will require no other care but to keep 
the plants clear from weeds. It flowers in June, and 
the feeds ripen in j u)y. . 
CAR 
The fixth fort grows -naturally by the flyles of rivers 
and ditches in moft parts of England, fo is not ad- 
mitted into gardens. There has been a variety of 
this found with double flowers, but it is not as yet 
much known. This flowers the latter end of April, 
and in May. 
The other forts are low annual plants, which grow 
naturally in feveral parts of England, fo are feldom 
admitted into gardens. Thefe have the title of im- 
patient. Crefs, from the elafticity of their pods, which, 
if touched when they are ripe, ipring open, and caft 
out their feeds with violence, to a conflderable dil- 
tance. Thefe forts when young, are, by the country 
people, eaten in fallads, and have the flavour of the 
common Crefs,' but milder. 
Thefe plants, when once admitted into a garden, pro- 
pagate in plenty • for they produce great quantities 
of feeds, which, if permitted to fcatter, there will be 
a fupply of plants, which only require to be thinned 
and kept clean from weeds, and will thrive bell in 
the fliade. 
CARDIAC A. See Leonurus. 
CARDINALS FLO W E R. See Rapuntium. 
CARDIOSPERMUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. Heart 
Pea ; by the inhabitants of America called Wild 
Parfley •, by the French, Lots de Merveille. 
The Characters are. 
It hath a permanent empalement ccmpofed of four concave 
leaves. The fl.ower has four obtufe petals , which are- al- 
ternately larger •, it hath a f mall four-leaved neblarmm 
encompajftng the gerrnen , and eight fl amina , three and 
three funding oppofite , the other two on each fide thefe 
are terminated by fmall fummits. The germen is three- 
cornered , and fupports three floor t flyles , crowned by fmgle 
fiigina. The germen afterward becomes a roundifh fwoUen 
capfule with three lobes , divided into three cells , opening 
at the top , each having one or two globular feeds , marked 
with a heart. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fe£Uon 
of Linnteus’s eighth clafs, intitled Odlandria Tri- 
gvnia, the flower having eight ftamina and three ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Cardiospermum ( Corindum ) foliis fubtus tomentofis. 
Lin. Sp. 526. Heart Pea with woolly leaves. Corin- 
dum folio & frudtu minori. Tourn. Inft. 431. 
2. Cardiospermum (JHalicacabum ) foliis kcvibus. Licit. 
Clift. 150. Heart-feed with fmooth leaves. Corindum 
folio ampliori, frudlu majore. Tourn. Inft. 431. 
The firft fort rifes with a (lender, channelled, climbing 
ftalk, to the height of four of five feet, fending out 
many fide branches, garniftted With leaves, upon very 
long foot-ftalks, coming out oppofite at the lov/er 
part of the ftalk ; but upward the leaves come out on 
one fide, and the foot-ftalk of the flower at the oppo- 
fite ; the foot-ftalks of the leaves are divided into 
three, each of which fuftain fmall leaves, which are 
again divided into three parts, that are fliarply cut 
on their edges, and end in ijiarp points. The foot- 
ftalk of the flowers are long, naked, and toward the 
top, divided into three fliort ones, each fuftaining a 
Angle flower. Immediately under thefe divifions, 
comes out tendrils or clafpers, like thofe of the Vine, 
butfmaller; thefe fallen themfelves to whatever plants 
grow near them, and are thereby fupported. The 
flowers are fmall, white, and cornpofed of fojir fmall 
concave petals, two of which Handing oppofite, are 
larger than the other; when thefe fall away, theger- 
men afterward becomes a large inflated bladder, hav- 
ing three lobes, in each of which is contained one, 
two, and fometimes three feeds, which are round, 
hard, and the flze of fmall Peas, each being marked 
with a black fpot in fhape of a heart. 
The fecond fort differs from the firft in having taller 
ftalks, the leaves being firft; divided into five, and 
again into three parts. The foot-ftalks are fhorter, 
and the feeds and bladders in which they are con- 
tained are much larger, and the whole plant is 
im corner, in other relpects they agree. 
Thefe plants grow naturally in both Indies, where 
they climb upon whatever ftirubs are near them, and 
rife 
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