CAS 
the flowers come out from the wings of the leaves, 
two or three together •, but the ftalks are terminated 
by loofe fpikes of pale yellow flowers, which are 
rarely lucceeded by pods in England. The ftalks de- 
cay in autumn, and rife again in the fpring. The 
roots of this fort continue many years, and will live 
abroad in a warm border and a dry foil. The feeds 
will come up in the full ground, if fown in April, 
and in autumn they may be planted into the borders 
where they are defigned to remain. 
The feventh fort is an annual plant, which rifes a 
loot and a half high, with an eredt herbaceous ftalk, 
garnifhed with winged leaves, compofed of three pair 
of oval lobes ^ the flowers come out fingly from the 
wings of the. leaves ; thefe are final], yellow, and of 
the lame fhape with thofe of the other fpecies, anc 
are lucceeded by taper pods, having cells containing 
two rows of feeds. It grows naturally m Jamaica, 
and the other fugar iflands. 
This is propagated by feeds, which muft be fown on 
a hot-bed in the fpring, and the plants afterward treat- 
ed in the fame manner as hath been directed for the 
hrft fort. They flower in July, and the feeds ripen in 
Odrober, and then the plants will decay. 
The eighth fort is the tree which produces the purg- 
ing Caffia which is ufed in medicine. It grows na- 
turally in Alexandria, and in both Indies, where it 
rifes to the height of forty or fifty feet, with a large 
trunk, dividing into many branches, garnifhed with 
winged leaves, compofed of five pair of fpear-fhaped 
lobes, which are fmooth, having many tranfverfe 
nerves from the midrib to the borders ; the midrib is 
very prominent on the under fide •, the flowers are 
produced in long fpikes at the end of the branches, 
each ftanding upon a pretty long foot-ftalk ; thefe are 
compofed of five large concave petals, of a deep yel- 
low colour, and are lucceeded by cylindrical pods, 
which are from one to two feet long, with a dark 
brown woody fhell, having a longitudinal feam on one 
fide, divided into many cells by tranfverfe partitions, 
each containing one or two oval, fmooth, compreffed 
feeds, lodged in a fweetifli black pulp, which is the 
part ufed in medicine. 
This tree is propagated by feeds, which may be eafily 
procured from the druggifts who import the pods for 
ufe ; thefe muft be fown on a hot-bed in the fpring, 
and when the plants come up, they muft be treated 
in the fame manner as the firft fort, during the firft 
fummer j and in autumn they muft be removed into 
a ftove, and plunged into the tan-bed : during the 
winter they fhould have very little water ; for as thefe 
trees grow naturally in dry fandy land, moifture is a 
great enemy to them, but efpecially during that fea- 
fon. In the fummer they fhould have a good fhare of 
air admitted to them in warm weather, but they will 
not thrive in the open air in this country, at the 
warmeft time of the year, fo fhould conftantly remain 
in the ftove. With proper care thefe plants will grow 
to the height of eight or ten feet, and produce their 
flowers, when they make a fine appearance. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in the Bahama Iflands, 
from whence I received the feeds. This is an annual 
plant, which rifes with an upright ftalk two feet and 
a half high, garnifned with winged leaves, compofed 
of fix pair of lobes, which are fmooth, narrow, and 
fpear-fhaped, ftanding at wide diftances ; the flowers 
are coilecfted into loofe bunches at the top of the 
ftalks, which are of a’ pale yellow, and are fucc.eeded 
by long compreffed pods. It flowers in July, and the 
feeds ripen in autumn. This muft be treated as the 
firft fort. 
The tenth fort was fent me from La Vera Cruz, in 
New Spain, by the late Dr. Houftoun. This grows 
upward of twenty feet high, with feveral trunks co- 
vered with brown bark ; thefe divide into many 
branches upward, garnifhed with winged leaves, com- 
pofed of two pair of 'lobes, which in the lower 
leaves are oval ; but thofe of the upper are five inches 
long, and two and a half broad in the middle, fmooth, 
and of a light green* The flowers are produced in 
CAS 
loofe fpikes at the extremity of the branches, which 
are large, of a gold colour, and fucceeded by taper 
brown pods about nine inches long, having many 
tranfverfe partitions, in which the feeds are lodged in 
a thin pulp. x & 
This fort is propagated by feeds, which muft be fown 
upon a hot-bed, and the plants afterward treated in 
the fame manner as the eighth fort, for the plants 
will not live abroad in this country in the warmeft fea- 
fon of the year ; but if properly managed in the ftove, 
will produce their beautiful flowers "in three or four 
years from the feed. 
The eleventh fort grows in great plenty in moft of the 
iflands of the Weft Indies. I his riles to a great ma®'- 
nitude, with a large trunk, dividing into many 
blanches, garnifhed with very long winged leaves, 
compofed of twelve or fourteen pair of oblong blunt 
lobes, which are fmooth, of a light green, ancfplaced 
near together. The flowers come out in loofe fpikes 
at the end of the branches, which are of a pale Car- 
nation colour, fhaped like thole of the other fpecies, 
and are lucceeded by large cylindrical pods, divided 
by tranfverfe partitions into many cells, in which the 
feeds are lodged, furrounded with a black purcrin<y 
pulp. This is called Horfe Caffia, becaufe it is ge- 
nerally given to horfes, and feldom taken by any per- 
forms on account of its griping quality. 
It is propagated by feeds, which lliould be fown, and 
the plants afterward treated in the fame manner as the 
eighth fort, with which management they will thrive 
and produce flowers in England. 
The twelfth fort was lent me from the Havannah by 
the late Dr. Houftoun. This hath an herbaceous ftalk, 
which divides into many branches, rifing about three 
feet high, .garnifhed with winged leaves, compofed 
of feven pair of oblong oval lobes, which are rounded 
at the end. The flowers come out from the fide of 
the branches, upon very long foot-ftalks, difpofed 
in loofe fpikes ; thefe are of a pale yellow, and are 
fucceeded by recurved pods, containing one row of 
compreffed feeds. 
This is a biennial plant, which, if brought forward 
early in the fpring, will fometimes perfect feeds the 
fame year ; but if they lliould fail, the plants may be 
kept through the winter in a ftove, as the firft fort, 
and good feeds may be obtained the following 
feafon. & 
The thirteenth fort rifes with feveral weak ffirubby 
ftalks about two feet high, clofely garnifhed with 
winged leaves, compofed of three pair of lobes, which 
are very narrow at their bafe, enlarging to the top, 
where they are blunt, and rounded with a little in- 
denture at the point j thefe contract: clofely every 
evening, after the fun has left them. The flowers 
come out Angle from the fide of the branches, ftand- 
ing upon very long foot-ftalks ; they are of a bright 
yellow, and fhaped like thofe of the other fpecies, 
and are fucceeded by narrow flat pods, an inch and 
a half lohg. This grows plentifully in Jamaica. It 
is propagated by feeds, which muft be fown on a 
hot-bed, and managed as the other tender forts ^ it 
w'iii continue two or three years, if placed in a warm 
ftove. 
The fourteenth fort fends out from the root two or 
three (lender ftalks, which trail on the ground, gar- 
nifhed with winged leaves, having four pair of fmall 
roundifh lobes, of a pale green ^ at the infertion of 
the foot-ftalks arife thofe of the flower, which is 
jointed, dividing into two ffiorter at the top, fuftain- 
ing two fmall yellow flowers. This grows naturally 
in Jamaica, from whence the feeds were fent me. It 
is an annual plant, whole feeds muft be fown early 
in the fpring on a hot-bed, and treated like the other 
kinds but as the branches of this grow near the 
ground, fo the plants may remain under a frame all 
the fummer, and will flower in July •, when, if the 
feafon is warm, they muft have have a large (hare of 
air, otherwife the flowers will fall off, without being 
fucceeded by pods ; but if rightly managed, the feeds 
will ripen in autumn. 
The 
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