CAT 
ing them into their holes. The mifchief is chiefly 
done in the night : whenever you obferve this, you 
fhouid every morning look over your plat of plants ; 
and wherever you lee any plants eaten off, ftir the 
ground round about the place with your fingers an inch 
deep, and you will certainly find them out. This is 
the only, method I know of defraying them. 
CATKINS, oriULUS. 
This is, by the botanifts, called Flos“Amentaceus : 
it is an aggregate of fummits, which are joined toge- 
ther in form of a rope or cat’s tail, and is the male 
flower of the trees which produce them; as the 
Firs, Pines, Cedars, Walnuts, Birch-trees, and 
Willows. 
CATESBfEA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 121. Hi ft. Carolin. 
Vol. II. p. 100. The Lily Thorn. 
The Characters are, 
It hath a fmall permanent empalement of one leaf with 
five Jharp indentures ; the flower is of one leaf . , funnel- 
f japed , having a very long tube , which gradually widens 
to the top , where it is four-corner ned and J'pread open ; it 
hath four jlamina rifling in the neck of the tube , terminated 
by oblong crept fummits ; the roundifh germen is ftuated 
under the flower , fupporting a fender fiyle , crowned by a 
'Jingle fiigma. The germen afterward becomes an oval 
berry 'wiih'o?ie cell, filled with angular feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 
Linnaeus’s fourth dais, intided Tetrandria Monogy- 
nia, the flower having four {lamina and one fiyle. 
We have but one Species of this plant, viz. 
CatesRae a. Lin. Sp. Plant. 109. The Lily Thorn. 
Frutex fpmoi’us Buxi foliis, plurimis fimul nafcenti- 
bus, flore tetrapetaloide, pendulo, fordide fiavo, tu- 
bo longiffirno, fructu ovali croceo, femina parva con- 
tinente. Catefo. Kill. Carol. Vol. II. p. 100. 
This fiirub was difcovered by Mr. Catefby, near Naf- 
fau town, in the ijland. of Providence, where he faw 
two of them growing, which were all he ever faw ; 
from thefe he gathered the feeds, . and brought them 
to England in 172 6 , from which many plants were 
raifed in the Englifti gardens, fome of which have 
fince flowered here. 
It rife§ with a branching Item to the height of ten or 
twelve feet, which is covered with a pale ruffet bark ; 
the branches come out alternately from the bottom to 
the top, which are garnifhed with fmall leaves, re- 
fembling thole of the Box-tree, coming out in cluf- 
ters all round the branches, at certain diftances ; the 
flowers come out Angle from the fide of the branches, 
hanging downward ; they are tubulous, and near fix 
inches long, very narrow at their bafe, but widening 
upward toward the top, where it is divided into four 
parts which ipreaci open, and are reflexed backward ; 
thefe . are of a dull yellow colour. After the flower 
decays, the germen fwells to an oval fieflhy berry the 
fize of a middling Plumb, hollow within, and filled 
with final! angular feeds. 
This fiirub is propagated by feeds, which muft be 
procured from the country where it naturally grows. 
If the entire ftuit are brought over in fand, the feeds 
will be better preferved : when they arrive in England, 
the feeds mi: a: be Town in fmall pots filled with. light 
fandy earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of 
tanners bark, and now and then moderately watered. 
If the feeds are, good, the plants will appear in about 
fix weeks after lowing •, when, if .the heat of the bed 
* declines, the tan fhouid be turned over to the bottom, 
and, if neceffary, fome frefli added to renew the 
heat, for thefe plants make but little progrefls the 
firfl: year. W hen the pots are again plunged into the 
tan-bed, they muft have frefli air admitted to th'em 
every day in. proportion to the warmth of thefeafon, 
and frequently reffefned with water, in fmall quan- 
tities, for much wet will certainly kill them ; if the 
nights fiiouid prove cold, the glaffes ftiould be co- 
vered with nuts every evening. As thefe plants 
grow fiowly, they will not require to be removed out 
of the feed-pots the 'firft year. In the autumn the 
pots fhouid be removed, into the ftove, and plunged 
into the tan-bed. During the winter, the plants fhouid 
C E A 
be wateied with great caution, and in ipnng they 
fiiouid be carefully taken up, and each planted 
in a feparate fmall pot filled with light fandy earth, 
and plunged into a frefli hot-bed of tanners bark, be- 
ing careful to {hade them until they have taken frefli 
root, as alio to lefrefli them with water gently, as 
they may require it; and in fummer, when the wea- 
ther is warm, they fhouid have a good fhare of air ad- 
mitted to them ; but in autumn muft be removed 
into the ftove, where they fhouid conftantly remain, 
and muft be treated afterward in the fame manner .as 
other tender exotic plants. 
1 his plant may be propagated by planting cuttings 
in fmall pots filled with light earth, during the months 
of June and July. The pots fhouid be plunged into 
a moderate hot-bed of tanners bark, and the cuttings 
clofely covered with fmall bell-glaffes to exclude the 
external air. If this is properly performed, the cut- 
tings will put out roots in about two or three months, 
when they may be carefully feparated, planting each 
intoa fmall pot filled with light earth, and plunged into 
the hot-bed again, and afterward muft be treated as 
the feedling plants. 
Moft of thofe plants which were raifed from Mr, 
Catefby’s feeds, were killed by the levere winter in 
1 739 ; but feven years ago I received fome frefh feeds, 
which fucceeded fo well, as to enable me to commu- 
nicate plants to feveral curious perfons in England 
and Floliand. 
CACAFJLIS, Baftard Parfley. 
This is one of the umbelliferous plants with oblong 
feeds, which are a little furrowed and prickly : the 
petals of the flower are unequal and heart-fhaped. 
There are feveral fpecies of this plant preferved in 
the botanic gardens ; but as there is no great beauty 
or ufe in any of them, I fhall pals them over with 
only obferving, that if any perfon hath a mind to cul- 
tivate them, the beft feafon to fow their feeds is in 
autumn, foon after they are ripe ; for if the feeds are 
kept till fpring, the plants feldom produce ripe feeds 
again. They are moft of them biennial, and require 
to be fown every year. We have four or five fpecies 
of them, which grow wild in England. 
CAULIFEROUS plants [of Caulis , Lat. a ftalk, 
and fero, to bear ;] flush plants as have a true ftalk. 
CAULIS, is that part of a plant which rifes Angle 
above the earth, from whence the leaves or little 
branches put forth, as Jungius defines it ; or it is the 
upper part of a plant ftretched forth to an height, fo 
that the fore parts differ not from the hind, nor the 
right from the left. In trees and ilirubs it is called 
Caudix ; in corn Culmus ; the ftalk of any herb; the 
ftem, trunk, or body of a tree. Lat. 
CEANOTHUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 237. Euonymus. 
Com. Hort. New Jerfey Thea. 
The Characters are, 
It hath a turbinated empalement of one leaf which is 
permanent , cut into five acute figments which elefe toge- 
ther ; the flower hath five roundifij equal petals which 
fpread open , and are lefs than the empalement ; it hath 
five erePl flamina , placed oppofite to the petals , and are 
of equal length , terminated by roundifh fummits , and a 
three-cornered germen, fupporting a cylindrical fiyle, crown- 
ed by an obtufe fiigma. The germen afterward becomes a 
dry cap fule with three cells , in which are lodged three 
oval feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedlion of 
Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intided Pentandria Monogynia, 
the flower having five ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Ceanqthus (. Americanus ) foliis trinerviis. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 195.' Ceancthus with leaves having three nerves. 
Euonymus Nervi Belgii corni feeminss foliis. Hort. 
Amft. 1. 1 07. New England Dogwood with female Cor- 
nel leaves, commonly called New Jerfey Thea. 
2. Ceanothus (. Africanm ) foliis lanceolatis enerviis, 
ftipulis fubrotundis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 196. Ceanothus 
with fpear-fijaped leaves without nerves, and roundifh fli- 
pula. Alaternoides African a lau.ri ferratae folio. Com. 
Prsel. (?i. tab, 1 1, 
£ 
3. Ceanothus 
