CEL 
the fame climate, being careful not to give them 
much water, efpecialiy in winter ; as alfo when they 
are Drifted, to preferve the earth about their mots, 
otherwife they are very fubjed to perifh •, for in the 
country where they grow naturally, they fay it is not 
pofiible to remove thefe trees fo as to live ; if the 
plants are properly managed, they will make con- 
fiderable progrefs. I have fome plants now in the 
Cheifea garden, more than twelve feet high, which 
are but of eight years growth from feeds. 
As the wood of this tree is now fo generally ufed in 
England, fo it might furely be worthy of the care 
of the planters in America, many of whom are pof- 
fefled of barren rocky lands, which at prefent produce 
no profit •, but if the feeds of this tree were fown 
there, might turn out greatly to the advantage of 
their fucceffors, though the prefent pofiefibrs fhould 
not live to enjoy the profit ; but I fear there are few 
of the gentlemen in thofe iilands, who extend their 
thoughts fo far, as to make provifion for the rifing 
generation. 
The third fort was difcovered by the late Dr. Houf- 
toun at Campeachy, from whence he fent the feeds 
to England, which fucceeded in feveral gardens ; 
when the doftor firft obferved thefe trees, they were 
deftitute of leaves, but were loaded with ripe fruit ; 
and on his fecond vifit to the place, he found the 
trees in full verdure, but no appearance of flowers, 
fo he was at a lofs to know what genus it belonged 
to ; but as the fruit of the trees agree exadly with 
thofe of the two former fpecies, fo I have ventured to 
join it to them. 
Thefe trees ufually rife to the height of eighty feet, 
or upward, and divide into many large branches to- 
ward the top ; garnifhed with leaves, fomewhat re- 
fembling thofe of the Witch Hazel, but are broader 
at their bafe, and cut angular at their top ; thefe are 
of an Afh-colour underneath, and are fet on the 
branches without any order ; the fruit of this tree is 
much larger than that of the Barbadoes Cedar, being 
broad at the bafe, and diminifhing gradually to the 
top, where it terminates in a point, being upwards 
of two inches long •, this has alfo a column, or woody 
core, running lengthways through the fruit, to which 
the winged feeds adhere as in the two former ; but as 
both their fruit are fmooth on the outfide, this differs 
from them, in having five angles running from the 
bafe upward ; at each angle the fruit, when ripe, 
feparates, and expofes the winged feeds, which are 
difperfed by the winds. 
We have no account of the wood of this tree, whether 
it is ever ufed in buildings, or other purpofes, as 
there have been few perfons of any curiofity in that 
country, the cutters of Logwood being the chief 
people who inhabit there, from whom there can be 
little known of the produce. The plants which have 
been raifed from the feeds in England, have made 
great progrefs for the two firft years, but afterward 
were but flow of growth ; for, in fix years more, they 
did not fhoot fo much as in the firft year from the 
feed, when they grew more than three feet high. .1 
made feveral trials to propagate the trees by cuttings 
and layers, but without fuccefs ; fo that by feeds, 
feems to be the only method of having them ; thefe 
may be raifed and managed in the fame manner as 
the two foregoing forts, and with them conftantly 
kept in the bark-ftove. 
CEDAR of BERMUDAS. 7 Tunipfkus 
CED AR of C AROLINA. j See Juniperus. 
CEDAR of JAMAICA. See Theobroma. 
CEDAR of LIBANUS. See Larix. 
CEDAR of LYCIA. 1 
CEDAR of PHOENICIA. sSee Juniperus. 
CEDAR of VIRGINIA. J 
CEIBA. See BoMbax. 
CELASTRUS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 392. Euonymoi- 
des. Ifnard. Ac. R. Sc. 1 7 x 6 . The Staff-tree. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath a [mall one leaved empalement , cut into 
Jive unequal blunt parts. The flower hath five oval pe- 
CEL 
tabs, which are equal , and fpread 'open.- It' hath five 
fiamina as long as the petals , terminaieS by jwall jum- 
mits, and a flm all ger men with a large receptacle , marked 
with ten deep channels , fupporting a floor t flyle crowned 
with an obtufle trifid ftigma. The ger men afterward be- 
comes an oval., blunt , three-cornered capfuls , opening in 
three cells , each containing an oval fmooth feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fefiion 
of Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Mono- 
gynia, from the flower having five ftamina and one 
ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Celastrus .( Bullatus ) inermis, foliis ovatis integer- 
rimis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 196 Smooth Staff-tree with mal 
entire leaves. Euonymus Virginianus, rotundifaliys 
capfulis Coccineis eleganter bullatis. Pluk. Aim, 
1 39 - 
2. Celastrus ( Scandens ) inermis, caule volubili foliis 
ferrulatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 285., Smooth Staff-tree with 
a twining ft alky whofle leaves are fiightly flawed. Euony- 
moides Canadenfls fcandens foliis ierratis. Ifnard, Ac. 
Reg. 1716. 
3. Celastrus (Pyr acanthus) fpinis nudis, ramis tereti- 
bus, foliis acutis. Hort. Cliff. 72. Staff-tree with naked 
fpines , taper branches , and pointed leaves. Lycium 
iEthiopicum pyracanthae foliis. Hort. Amft. T. p. 
i 6 3 - 
4. Celastrus ( Buxifolius ) fpinis foliofis, rarnis angu- 
latis, foliis obtufis. Hort. Cliff. 73. Staff-tree with, 
leaves on the fpines , angular branches, and obtufle leaves. 
Lycium Portoricenfe, Buxi foliis anguftioribus. Pluk. 
Aim. 234. tab. 202. f. 3. 
5. Celastrus ( Myrtifolius ) inermis, foliis ovatis fer- 
rulatis, floribus racemofis caule credo. Hort. Cliff, 
72. Staff -tree without fpines , oval flawed leaves , flowers 
in long bunches , and an erect ftalk. Myrtifolia arbor, 
foliis latis fubrotundis, flore albo. Sloan. Hift. Jam. 
2. p. 79. tab. 193. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Virginia, and many 
other parts of North America, where it riles to the 
height of eight or ten feet ; but in England there are 
few of them much more than half that height. It 
generally puts out two or three Items from the root, 
which divide upward into feveral branches, covered 
with a brown bark, garnifhed with leaves near three 
inches long, and two broad, which are placed alter- 
nately on the branches •, the flowers come out in loofe 
fpikes at the end of the branches ; thefe are white, 
made up of five oval petals, with a gertnen in the 
center, attended by five ftamina : when the flowers 
fall off, the germen fwells to a three-cornered cap- 
fule, of a fcarlet colour, fet full of fmall protuber- 
ances ; this opens in three cells, -each containing a 
hard oval feed, covered with a thin red pulp. This 
fhrub flowers in July, but rarely produces good feeds 
in England. 
It is propagated here by layers, which will take root 
in one year ; the young branches only are proper for 
this purpofe, fo that where there is not any of thefe 
near the ground, the main ftalks fhould be drawn 
down, and fattened with pegs to prevent their rifing, 
and the young fhoots from them fhould be laid. The 
beft time for doing this is in autumn, when they be- 
gin to caft their leaves, and by that time twelve- 
month they will be fufficiently rooted, when they 
fhould be cut from the old plant, and planted in a 
nurfery for two or three years to get ftrength ; after 
which they muft be removed to the places where they 
are to remain. This fhrub grows naturally in moift 
places, fo will not thrive well in a dry foil. It is very 
hardy, and bears the cold of our winters very well. 
It is alfo propagated by feeds, which are frequently 
brought from America; but as thefe rarely arrive 
here time enough to fow before the faring, fo the 
plants never come up the firft year; therefore the feeds 
may be fown either in pots, or in a bed of loamy 
earth, keeping them clean from weeds during the 
fumrner ; andyhofe in the pots fhould be placed in the 
fhade till the autumn, when the pots fhould be either 
piunged into the ground in a warm fituation, or 
placed 
