f 
CEL 
placed under a common frame, to prevent the froft 
from penetrating through the fide ot the pots ; and 
if the furface of thofe which are plunged in the 
ground, and alfo the bed where the feeds are fown 
are lightly covered with feme old tan from a decayed 
hot-bed, it will fecure the feeds from being hurt by 
fevere frofts. In the fpring the plants will come up, 
which muft be kept clean from weeds, and, if the 
feafon proves dry, they fhould have water now and 
then, which will greatly forward their growth. If 
the plants make good progrefs the firft fummer, they 
may be tranfplanted into a nurfery in autumn, other- 
wife they fhould remain in the feed-bed till the fecond 
year, when they may be treated in the fame manner 
as the layers. 
The fecond fort fends out feveral ligneous ftalks from 
the root, which are flexible, and twill themfelves 
about whatever trees and fhrubs grow near them, or 
when they are at a diftance from fuch fupport, they 
twine about each other, and rife to the height of 
twelve or fourteen feet ; but when they fatten them- 
felves about trees they will grow much taller, but 
wherever this happens, their branches girt the trees 
fo clofely, as in a few years will deftroy them. Thele 
are garnifhed with leaves about three inches long, 
and near two broad, which are fawed on their edges, 
and placed alternately on the branches ; they are of 
a lively green above, and paler on their under fide, 
having feveral tranfverfe nerves from the middle to 
the fide. The flowers are produced in fmall bunches 
toward the end of the branches, which are of an her- 
baceous colour, compofed of five roundifh petals ; 
thele are fucceeded by roundifh three-cornered cap- 
fules, which are red when ripe, fpread open in three 
cells, difcloflng the feeds in the fame manner as our 
common Spindle-tree. This flowers about the be- 
ginning of June, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 
The feeds of this fort generally ripen well in England, 
and the plants may be propagated from the feeds, or 
by layers, in the fame manner as the former fort ; it 
delights in a ftrong loamy foil, rather moift than dry, 
and wall grow in woods among other trees and fhrubs, 
where, when the fruit is ripe, they make a pretty ap- 
pearance. It grows naturally all over North America, 
and is extremely hardy. 
The third fort is a native of Ethiopia, from whence 
the feeds were firft brought to the gardens in Holland, 
where the plants were propagated, and have been 
fmce communicated to moft of the curious gardens in 
Europe. This rifes with an irregular ftaik about 
three or four feet high, fending out feveral fide 
branches, covered with brown bark, garnifhed with 
leaves about two inches long, and more than half 
an inch broad, fome of which are pointed, and others 
are obtufe ; they are ftiff, of a lucid green, and come 
out irregular from the branches thefe continue green 
through the year. The flowers are produced from 
the fldes of the branches in loofe tufts, many of them 
ariflng from one point, Handing upon long foot- 
ftalks ; they are of an herbaceous white colour, com- 
pofed of five petals, which fpread open, and five 
Spreading ftamina, which furround a fwelling germen, 
fupporting a tapering ftyle, crowned by an obtufe 
trifid ftigma •, the germen afterward becomes an oval 
fruit, of a fine red colour, which opens in thr^e cells, 
containing one oblong hard feed, the other two cells 
being generally empty. 
This plant is commonly propagated by cuttings in 
Europe, which is more expeditious than railing them 
from feeds, becaufe the feeds rarely come up the firft 
year. The cuttings may be planted any time in 
fummer ; but thofe which are planted early, will have 
more time to get ftrength before winter. They 
fhould be planted in fmall pots, which will contain 
four cuttings in each ; the earth of a kitchen garden, 
which is well cultivated, is as good as any for this 
purpofe. The pots fiiould be then plunged into a 
moderate hot-bed, and fliaded from the fun every 
day, and gently rdyefhed with water now and then •, 
when they have taken root they muft be gradually 
CEL 
expofed to the open air, and then placed in a flickered 
fituation till they have obtained ftrength, when they 
fhould be feparated, and planted each in a fmall pot 
filled with the fame earth, then placed in the fhade 
.till they have taken frefh root •, after which they may 
be placed with other exotic plants in a fheltered fi- 
tuation till autumn, when they muft be houfed with 
Myrtles, and other hardy green-houfe plants, and 
will require the fame treatment. 
This plant has been titled African Barberry by fome 
ignorant perfons, I fuppofe from the refemblance of 
its fruit to that of the Barberry. 
The fourth fort grows, naturally at the Cape of Good 
Hope, from whence I received the feeds. This rifes 
with a flender ligneous ftaik to the height of ten or 
twelve feet, covered with a light Afli-coloured bark, 
and full of joints, which are armed with long fpines, 
upon which grow many fmall leaves •, the branches 
are flender, and armed with the fame fpihes at every 
joint, but the whole plant is fo weak, as to require 
fome fupport, without which they would fall to the 
ground. The leaves come lout in clutters without 
any order, which are fhaped fomewhat like thofe of 
the narrow-leaved Box-tree, but are longer, and of 
a loofe texture ; the branches are angular, and when 
young their bark is whitifli. As I have not icon the 
flowers of this fhrub, I can give no farther de- 
fcription of it. 
This rifes very eafily from feeds, and the plants make 
great progrefs ; for I have raifed them four feet high 
in two years from feeds, without any artificial heat ; 
and fome of the plants have lived thro’ two winters 
againft a fouth-eaft wall, but thefe have fhed their 
leaves in winter, whereas thofe which were removed 
into the green-houfe have retained their verdure 
through the year. 
It may be propagated by cuttings, which fhould be 
planted in the fpring, and treated in the fame manner 
as hath been direfled for the former fort •, or if the 
young fhoots are laid, they will take root in one year, 
and may then be tranfplanted either into pots, or 
againft a good afpefted wall, where I find they will 
endure our ordinary winters without any protection 5 
and if they are covered in fevere frofts, they may be 
brought, when old, to live abroad without protection. 
Thofe in pots will require a little fhelter in winter, 
but fhould not be tenderly treated, for that will caufe 
them to have weak branches, nor will the leaves have 
fo much verdure, as when they are expofed to the 
open air in mild weather. 
The fifth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and alfo 
in fome of the other iflands in the Weft Indies, where 
it rifes to the height of eighteen or twenty feet, 
fending out many fide branches, garnifhed with leaves 
fomewhat like thofe of the broad-leavedMyrtle, which 
are flightly fawed on their edges ; the flowers come 
out from the fide of the branches in long bunches ; 
they are white, and compofed of five petals, having 
five ftamina placed oppofite to them, and a germen 
in the center which is channelled ; this afterward be- 
comes a fruit, having five cells, each inclofmg an 
oblong feed. 
This plant is at prefent rare in England, for the feeds 
feldom grow the firft year ; therefore when the feeds 
arrive here, they fhould be fown in fmall pots filled 
with light earth, and plunged into a tan-bed, where 
they fhould remain till the following fpring, when 
they fhould be plunged into a frefh hot-bed of tan- 
ners bark ; and if the pots are duly watered, the. 
plants will appear in about a month after; when thefe 
are fit to remove, they fhould be planted Into fepa- 
rate fmall pots, and plunged again into the tan-bed, 
being careful to water and fhade them till they have 
taken new root, after which they fhould be treated 
. in. the fame manner as other tender plants from the 
fame countries. 
CELERY or SALARY. See Apium. 
CELLS of plants [of Celias, Lat.~\ are thofe partitions 
or hollow places in the hulks or pods of plants, in 
which the feed is contained. 
Hhh CELOSIA. 
ije 
