CEN 
| C'entaure a (Conifer a) calycibus fcariofis, foliis to- 
mentofis, radicalibus lanceolatis, caulinis pinnatifidis 
caule fimplici. Prod. Leyd. 142. Centaury with a fcaly 
impalements woolly leaves , thofe near the root being 
fpear-fhaped, thofe on the folk pointed , and a fingle ftalk. 
Centaureum majus incanum, humile, capite pini. 
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 469. Dwarf hoary , greater Cen- 
taury , with a head like a Pine cone. 
-6. Centaurea ( Montana ) calycibus ferratis, foliis lan- 
ceolatis decurrentibus, caulefimpliciffimo. Hort. Cliff. 
f 422. Centaury with fawed empalements , fpear-fhaped 
running leaves , and a fingle ftalk. Cyanus montanus 
latifolius. fc. Verbafculum Cyanoides. C. B. P. 273. 
Greater Mountain Blue Bottle with broad leaves. 
7. Centaurea (. Anguftifolia ) calycibus ferratis, foliis 
lineari-lanceolatis decurrentibus, caule fimplici. Cen- 
taury with fawed empalements , very narrow , fpear-fhaped , 
running leaves , and a fingle foot -ftalk. Cyanus angufti- 
ore folio & longiore Belgicus. H. R. Par. Narrower 
and longer leaved Belgick Blue Bottle. 
8. Centaurea ( Mofchata ) calycibus inermibus, fubro- 
tundis glabris, fquamis ovatis, foliis lyrato-dentatis. 
Hort. Cliff. 421. Centaury with unarmed , roundijh , 
fmooth empalements , oval f cales , finuated leaves. Cya- 
nus florid us oaoratus, Turcicus five orientals major. 
Park. Theat. 421. Sweet oriental Cyanus , commonly 
called Sweet Sultan. 
9. Centaurea ( Amberboi ) calycibus inermibus, fubro- 
tundis, glabris, fquamis ovatis obtufis, foliis lacinia- 
tis ferratis. Centaury with roundijh , fmooth , unarmed 
empalements , cto/* feales , cut leaves , which 
are fawed on their edges. Cyanus orientalis flore luteo 
fiftulofo. Ac. R. Par. 75. Eaftern Cyanus with a yellow 
flftular flower , commonly called yellow Sweet Sidtan. 
10. Centaurea ( Cyanus ) calycibus ferratis, foliis linea- 
ribus integerrimis, infimis dentatis. Hort. Cliff. 422. 
Centaury with fawed empalements , wry narrow entire 
leaves indented below. Cyanus fegetum. C. B. P. 273. 
Corn Blue Bottle. ■ 
11. Centaurea ( Lippii ) calycibus inermibus, fquamis 
mucronatis, foliis pinnatifidis obtufis decurrentibus. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 910. Centaury with unarmed empale- 
ments , having pointed feales , and winged pointed leaves , 
which are obtufe , running along the ftalk. Cyanus /£- 
gypticus flore parvo purpureo, caule alato. D. Lipp. 
Egyptian Cyanus with a fmall purple flower , and a wing- 
ed ftalk. 
12. Centaurea ( Cineraria ) calycibus ciliatis terminali- 
feffilibus, foliis tomentofis pinnatifidis, lobis acutis. 
Hort. Cliff. 422. Centaury with hairy empalements clofely 
terminating the ftalks , woolly leaves with winged points , 
and the fegments very narrow. Jacea montana candi- 
diffima, Sttebes foliis. C. B. P. 273. White Mountain 
Knapweed with a Stasbe leaf. 
13. Centaurea ( Ragufina ) calycibus ciliatis, foliis to- 
mentofis pinnatifidis, foliolis obtufis ovatis integerri- 
mis exterioribus majoribus. Hort. Cliff. 422. Centaury 
with hairy empalements , woolly leaves with winged points, 
the fmall leaves oval and obtufe, the outer larger. Jacea 
arborea argentea Ragufina. Zan. Hift. 107. Silvery- 
tree Knapweed of Ragufa. 
14. Centaurea ( Napifolia ) calycibus palmato-fpinofis, 
foliis decurrentibus radicalibus lyratis. Prod. Leyd. 
141. Centaury with palmated fpinous empalements, and 
finuated prickly leaves running alohg the ftalks. Jacea 
cyanoides altera, alato caule. Herm. Par. 189. Ano- 
ther Knapweed like Cyanus, with a winged ftalk. 
15. Centaurea ( Rhapontica ) calycibus fcariofis, foliis 
ovato-oblongis denticulatis integris petiolatis, fubtus 
tomentofis. Hort. Cliff. 421. Centaury with fcaly em- 
palements, oval, oblong , indented , entire leaves , having 
foot -ftalks, woolly underneath. Centaurium majus, fo- 
lio helenii incano. Tourn. Inft. 449. Greater Centaury 
with a white Elecampane leaf. 
16. Centaurea (Peregrina) calycibus fetaceo-fpinofis, 
foliis lanceolatis petiolatis, inferne dentatis. Hort. 
Cliff. 423. Centaury with briftly prickly ■ empalements, 
fpear-fhaped leaves, with f oof -ftalks indented beneath. 
Centaurium majus folio molli acuto laciniato, flore 
aureo magno, calyce fpinofo. Boerh, Ind. alt. 1 , p. 
CEN 
144. Greater Centaury with a f oft, pointed, cut leaf, and 
a large golden flower , with a prickly ernpalement. 
17. Centaurea (Orientalis) calycibus fquamato-ciliatis, 
foliis pinnatifidis, pinnis lanceolatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
9 13. Centaury with hairy feales to the ernpalement , wing- 
pointed leaves , whofe lobes are fpear-fhaped. Cyanus 
foliis radicalibus partim integris, partim pinnatis, 
bractea calycis ovali, flore fulphureo. Hall. Ad. Phil. 
T 745- 
tB. Centaurea ( Argentea ) calycibus ferratis, foliis to- 
mentofis, radicalibus pinnatis, foliolis uniauritis. Lin. 
Sp. 1290. Centaury with fawed empalements , woolly 
leaves, thofe near the root winged, and the lobes eared . 
Jacea Cretica laciniata argentea, flore parvo flavef- 
cente. Tourn. Cor. 31. 
19. Centaurea (Semper virens) calycibus ciliatis, foliis 
lanceolatis ferratis, inferioribus haftatis. Lin. Sp. 
1291. Centaury with a hairy ernpalement, fpear-fhaped 
fawed leaves, and thofe near the root halbert-jhaped. Jacea 
Lufltanica fempervirens. 
20. Centaurea ( Splendens ) calycibus fcariofis obtufis, 
foliis radicalibus pinnatifidis, caulinis pinnatis denti- 
bus lanceolatis. Prod. Leyd. 142. Centaury with a rough 
obtufe ernpalement, the radical leaves wing-pointed, and 
thofe on the ftalk winged, fpear-fhaped, and indented. 
Jacea caliculis argenteis major. Inft. R. H. 444. 
21. Centaurea ( Romana ) calycibus palmato-fpinofis, 
foliis decurrentibus inermibus, radicalibus pinnatifidis, 
impari maximo. Hort. Cliff 423. Centaury with a 
palmated fpiny ernpalement, fmooth running leaves, thofe 
near the root wing-point ea l, and a large terminating lobe. 
Jacea fpinofa Cretica. Zan. Hift. 141. 
22. Centaurea ( Spharocephala ) calycibus palmato-fpi- 
nofis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis petiolatis dentatis. Hort. 
Cliff 423. Centaury with a palmated prickly ernpalement , 
and oval, fpear-fhaped, indented leaves, having foot- 
ftalks. Jacea fphterocephala fpinofa Tingitana. H. L. 
33 2 - 
23. Centaurea ( Eriophora ) calycibus duplicato-fpino- 
fls lanatis, foliis femidecurrentibus integris flnuatif- 
que caule prolifero. Hort. Upfal. 272. Centaury whofe 
ernpalement is downy and doubly armed with fpines, run- 
ning leaves , foma- entire, others finuated, and a childing 
ftalk. 
24. Centaurea (Benedibia) calycibus duplicato-fpino- 
fls lanatis involucratis, foliis femidecurrentibus den- 
ticulato-fpinofis. Lin. Sp. 1296. Centaury whofe em- 
palement is downy and doubly armed with fpines, running 
leaves with indentures , terminating in fpines. Carduus 
Benedidus. Camer. Epit. 562. BlejfedEhiftle. 
There are many other fpecies of this genus, which 
are preferved in botanic gardens for the lake of varie- 
ty ; fome of which grow naturally in England, and 
are often troublefome weeds in the fields, fo do not 
deferve a place in gardens ; therefore I chofe not to 
trouble the reader with mentioning their titles, but 
have here feleded thofe fpecies which have fome 
beauty to recommend them. 
The firft fort grows naturally upon the Alps. This 
hath a perennial root, which ftrikes deep into the 
ground, lending out a great number of long, winged, 
fmooth leaves, of a glaucous colour the ftalks rife 
near four feet high, and divide upward into many 
branches, garnifhed with fmall leaves of the fame 
form as the lower ; each of thefe ftalks is terminated 
by a fingle head of yellow flowers, compofed of many 
florets ; thofe which occupy the difk are hermaphro- 
dite, but thofe of the ray are female. This flowers 
in June and July, and, in dry feafons, will perfedt 
their feeds in autumn. It may be propagated either 
by feeds, or by parting their roots in the autumn, 
being careful not to divide the roots too fmall. The 
feeds fhould be fown in the fpring on a bed of light 
earth ; and when the plants are fit to remove, they 
fhould be tranfplanted into a bed of frefh earth fix: 
inches afunder, in which place they fhould remain 
till autumn, when they fhould be planted where they 
are defigned to remain. 
The fecond fort ftands in the lift of medicinal plants 
of the college, but is very rarely ufed the root is 
reckoned 
