CER 
C E R 
,2. Cerasus {Nigra) foliis ferratis lanceolatis. Cherry- 
tree with, [pear ffhaped [awed leaves. Cerafus major ac 
fylveftris, fruftu fubdulci nigro colore inficiente. 
C. B. P. 450. Greater wild Cherry-tree with a fweetijh 
fruit , whofe juice affords a black colour. 
3. Cerasus (fflortenfis) foliis ovato-lanceolatis, fioribus 
confertis. Cherry-tree with oval [pear -[hoped leaves , and 
[lowers growing in clufiffrs. Cerafus racemofa hortenfis. 
C. B. P. 450. Commonly called the Clufter Cherry. 
4. Cerasus ( Mahaleb ) fioribus corymbofis, foliis ovatis. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 474. Cherry-tree with fl.owers growing 
in round bunches 3 and oval leaves. Ceraius fylveflris 
arnara, mahaleb putata. J. B. Dhe Mahaleb or per- 
fumed Cherry. 
5. Cerasus ( Canadenfis ) foliis lanceolatis, glabris, inte- 
gerrimis, fubtus, ccefiis, ramis patulis. Cherry-tree 
with fmooth , fpear-fhaped , entire leaves., of a bluifh 
green on their under fide, and fpreading branches. Cera- 
fus pumila Canadenfis, oblongo angufto folio fructu 
parvo. Du Hamel. Dwarf Canada Cherry , with oblong 
narrow leaves, and a [mail fruit, called Ragouminier, Ne- 
ga , or Minel in Canada. 
The firft fort is the common or Kentilh Cherry, 
■ which is To well known in England as to need no de- 
icription. From this fort it hath been fuppofed many 
of the varieties which are cultivated in the Englifh 
gardens, have been raifed ; but as there are very 
great differences in the fize and fhape of their leaves, 
as alfo in the fhoots of the trees from thofe of this 
fort, L think it is very doubtful, where the boun- 
daries of their fpecific differences terminate : how- 
ever, I fhall comply with the generality of modern 
botanills, in fuppofing the following forts to have 
been produced from the feeds of this, as we have not 
iuffident experiments to determine otherwife. 
The Early May Cherry. The Ox Heart. 
The Luke ward. 
The Carnation. 
The Hertfordfhire Heart. 
The Morello. 
The Bleeding Heart. 
Yellow Spanifh Cherry. 
The May Duke Cherry. 
The Archduke Cherry. 
The Flemifh Cherry. 
The Red Heart. 
The White Heart. 
The Black Heart. 
The Amber Heart. 
Two forts with double flowers, one larger and fuller 
than the other. Thefe are propagated for ornament. 
The iecond fort above-mentioned is the Black Cherry, 
which is fuppofed to be a native of England. This 
'brows to be a large tree; fit for timber, and is fre- 
quently found growing as fuch in the woods. From 
this, the only varieties which I have ever known 
raifed by feeds, are the Black Coroun, and the 
fmgll Wild Cherry ^ of which there are two or three 
varieties, which differ in the fize and colour of their 
fruit. 
Thefe Wild Cherries are very proper to plant in parks, 
becaufe they grow to a large fize, and make beautiful 
trees ; and in the fpring, when they are in flower, 
wall be very ornamental. The fruit of them will be 
good food for birds, and when the trees are cut down, 
the wood is very uleful for turners. Thefe trees will 
thrive in poor land better than moft other forts, fo 
there is an advantage in propagating them in thofe 
places. The French often plant them for avenues to 
their houfes, upon fuch land where they cannot get 
any other trees to thrive •, they alfo cultivate them in 
their woods to cut for hoops, and greatly efteem 
them for this purpoie. 
The ftones of this fort are generally fown for railing 
flocks to graft or bud the other forts of Cherries up- 
on, being of quicker growth, and of longer duration 
than either of the other, fo are very juftly efteemed 
and preferred to them. 
The wood of the fourth fort, is by the French greatly 
efteemed for making of cabinets,' becaufe it hath an 
agreeable odour. This, and the wood of the Bird 
Cherry, are often blended together, and pafs under 
the appellation of Bois de Sainte Lucie j but the Bird 
Cherry is the true fort. 
The fifth fort was brought from Canada, where it 
grows naturally, to the gardens in France, where it ,, 
is cultivated as a flowering flirub for ornament. The. 
ftones of this were fent me by Dr. Bernard de Juflieu,. 
profeftor of botany at Paris, which fucceeded very 
well in the Cheliea garden ; but by comparing this 
with a fpecimen of the old Chamtecerafus, or Cerafus 
humilis of Gerard, and other old writers, I find it to 
be the fame plant, for it alfo agrees exabtly with their 
deferiptions of it. 
This is a low flirub, which feldom grows more than 
three or four feet high, fending out many horizontal 
branches, which fpreacl near the ground on every 
fide ; and the lower branches are very fubjebl to lie in 
the ground, where they will put out roots, and thereby 
multiply. The young branches have a very fmooth 
bark, inclining toward red •, the leaves are long, 
narrow, very fmooth, and entire, having the appear- 
ance of fotne forts of Willow leaves, of a light 
green on their upper fide, but of a bluifh or fea-green 
on their under : the flowers come out from the fide 
of the branches, two, three, or four arifing at the 
fame joint moft part of the length of the young 
fhoots •, thefe are fhaped lik,e thofe of the common 
Cherry, but are fmaller, (landing upon long fiender 
foot-ftalks. The fruit is like thofe of the fmall wild 
Cherry, but hath a bitterifh flavour. It flowers 
about the fame time as the other forts of Cherries, 
and the fruit ripens in July ■, thefe fruit are good 
food for birds, and the French plant them among 
their other fnrubs, to entice the birds to harbour 
there. 
It is eafily propagated by laying down the branches 
early in the fpring, which will take root by the fol- 
lowing autumn, when they may be taken off, and ei- 
ther planted in a nurlery to get ftrength, or to the 
places where they are defigned to remain. It may 
alfo be propagated by lowing the ftones, in the fame 
manner as other Cherries. 
All the forts of Cherries which are ufually cultivated 
in fruit-gardens, are propagated by budding or graft- 
ing the leveral kinds into flocks of the Black or wild 
Red Cherries, which are ftrong fhooters, and of 
longer duration than any of the garden kinds. The 
ftones of thefe two kinds are fown in a bed of light 
fandy earth in autumn (or are preferved in fand till 
fpring, and then fowed.) When thefe flocks arife 
they mull be carefully weeded, and iftin dry weather 
you refrefh them with water, it will greatly promote 
their growth. Thefe ftocks Ihould remain in the 
nurfery-beds till the fecond autumn after fowing; at 
which time you Ihould prepare an open fpot of good 
frefh earth, which fhould be well worked ; but if 
the foil is frefti, it will be the better. In this ground, 
in Oblober, you Ihould plant out the young ftocks 
at three feet diftance row from row, and about a foot 
afunder in the rows, being careful in taking them 
up from their feed-beds to loofen their roots well with 
a fpade, to prevent their breaking, as alfo to prune 
their roots ; and if they are inclinable to root down- 
wards, you Ihould fliorten the tap-root to caufe it to 
put out lateral roots ; but do not prune their tops, 
for this is what by no means they will endure. 
The fecond year after planting out, if they take to 
growing well, they will be fit to bud, if they are in- 
tended for dwarfs : but if they are for ftandards, they 
will not be tall enough until the fourth year ; for they 
Ihould be budded or grafted near fix feet from the 
ground, otherwife the graft will not advance much 
in height ; fo that it will be impoffible to make a good 
tree from fuch as are grafted low, unlefs the graft is 
trained upward. 
The ufual way with the nurfery gardeners is to bud 
their ftocks in fummer, and fuch of them as mifearry 
they graft the fuceeeding fpring (the manner of thefe 
operations will be deferibed under their proper heads.) 
Thofe trees where the buds have taken, muft be 
headed off in the beginning of March about fix inches 
above the bud ; and when the bud hath fhot in fum- 
mer, if you fear its being blown out by the winds, you 
may fallen it up with fome bafs, or any other foft 
binding, to that part of the flock which was left above 
h ^ l the 
/ 
