CER 
'men, fitting upon a fender ftyle , crowned by an obtftfe 
figma ; the ger men afterward becomes an oblong pod with 
an oblique point , having one cell , inclofing fever al roundifh 
comprejfed feeds. 
This genus of jplants is ranged in the firft fedion of 
Linnaeus’s tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Monogynia, 
the flower having ten ftamina and one ftyle. This 
genus is by all the writers placed with the papilio- 
naceous flowers, before Linnaeus’s 'Syftem,. which 
feparates it from them, becaufe the ftamina in thefe 
flowers are all diftind * whereas the papilionaceous 
flowers have nine ftamina joined together, and one 
feparate. 
The Species are, 
1. Cercis ( Siliquaftrum ) foliis cordato-orbiculatis gla- 
bris. Hort. Cliff. 1 56. • Cercis with round , heart-foaped , 
frnooth leaves. Siliquaftrum. Caft. Duran. 415. and 
the Arbor Judae. Dod. Pemp. 786. The common Ju- 
das-tree. 
2. Cercis ( Canadenfs ) foliis cordatis pubefcentibus. 
Hort. Cliff. 156. Cercis with downy heart-foaped leaves. 
Siliquaftrum Canadenfe. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 647. 
Canada Arbor Judas , or Red Bud-tree. 
The firft fort grows naturally in the fouth of France, 
Spain, and Italy, and is by the Spaniards and Por- 
tuguefe, titled the Tree of Love: this rifes with an 
upright trunk to the height of twenty feet, covered 
with a dark brown bark, dividing upward into many 
irregular branches, garnifhed with round, heart-fhap- 
ed, frnooth leaves, placed irregularly on the branches, 
having long foot-ftalks *, they are of a pale green on 
their upper, and of a grayifh colour on their under 
fide, and fall off in autumn. The flowers come out 
on every fide the branches, and many times from the 
Item of the tree in large clufters, arifing from the 
fame point, having {hort foot-ftalks ; they are of a 
very bright purple colour, fo make a fine appearance, 
efpecially when the branches are covered pretty thick 
with them : for they come out in the fpring with the 
leaves, fo are in full beauty before the leaves have 
obtained to half their fize. The fhape of the flower 
is the fame as other papilionaceous (or butterfly) 
flowers •, thefe have an agreeable poignancy, fo are 
frequently eaten in fallads. When the flowers fall 
off, the germen becomes a long flat pod with one 
cell, containing one row of roundifh feeds, a little 
compreffed ; but thefe do not often fucceed the flow- 
ers in this country upon ftandard trees, for the birds 
pick off the flowers when fully open •, but where they 
have been planted againft good afpeded walls, I have 
feen great plenty of the pods, which, in warm fea- 
fons, have ripened very well. 
Thefe trees are ufually planted with other flowering 
trees and flirubs for ornaments to pleafure-gardens, 
and for their fingular beauty, deferve a place as well 
as moft other forts •, for when they are arrived to a 
good fize, they are produdive of flowers, fo as that 
the branches are often clofely covered with them * and 
the fingular fhape of their leaves make a very pretty 
variety in the fummer, and are feldom damaged by 
infers, fo that they are often entire, when many other 
trees have their leaves almoft eaten up. This tree 
flowers in May, when planted in the full air, but 
againft warm walls it is a fortnight or three weeks 
earlier. 
The wood of this tree is very beautifully veined with 
black and green, and takes a fine polifh, fo may be 
converted to many ufes. 
There are two other varieties of this tree, one with 
a white, and the other hath a flefti-coloured flower, 
but thefe have not half the beauty of the firft. Tour- 
nefort alfo mentions one with broader pods and 
pointed leaves, which I believe is only a variety of this. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in moft parts of North 
America, where it is called Red Bud, I fuppofe from 
the red flower-buds appearing in the fpring before 
the leaves come out •, this grows to a middling ftature 
in the places where it is a native, but in England 
rarely rifes with a ftem more than twelve feet high, 
but branches out near the root. The branches of this I 
GER 
are weaker than thole of the firft fort *, the leaves are 
downy, and terminate in points ; whereas thofe of 
the firft are frnooth, and round at the end where they 
are indented. The flowers of this are alfo frnaller* fd 
do not make fo fine appearance as thofe of the firft j 
but the trees are equally hardy, and will thrive in the 
open air very well. 
The flowers of this fort are frequently put into fallads 
by the inhabitants of America ; and the French in 
Canada pickle the flowers, but thefe have little fla- 
vour. The wood of this tree is of the fame colour 
and texture as that of the firft. 
Thefe plants may be propagated by fowing their feeds 
upon a bed of light earth* towards the latter end of 
March, or the beginning of April (arid if you put a 
little hot dung 'under the bed, it will greatly facilitate 
the growth of the feeds *) when the feeds are fown, 
fift the earth over them about half an inch thick 5 
and, if the feafon prove wet, it will be proper to 
cover the bed with fnats, to preferve it from great 
rains, which will fometirri.es burft the feeds, and caufe 
them to rot * the feeds will often remain till the fpring 
following before they come up* fo the ground muft 
not be diftiirbed till you are convinced that the plants 
are all come up *, for fome few may rife the firft year* 
and a greater number the fecond. 
When the plants are come up they fhould be care- 
fully cleared from weeds, and in very dry weather 
muft be now and then refreihed with water, which 
will greatly promote their growth. The winter fol- 
lowing, if the weather is very cold, it will be proper 
to fhelter the plants, by covering them either with 
mats or dry ftraw in hard frofts, but they fhould. 
conftantly be opened in mild weather* otherwife they 
will grow mouldy and decay. 
About the beginning of April, you fhould prepare a 
fpot of good frefti ground, to tranfplant thefe out 
(for the beft feafon to remove them is juft before they 
begin to {hoot -,) then you ftiould carefully take up 
the plants, being careful not to break their roots, 
and plant them as foon as pofiible, becaufe if their 
roots are dried by the air, it will greatly prejudice 
them. 
The diftance thefe ftiould be planted* muft be pro- 
portionable to die time they are to remain before they 
are again tranfplanted ; but commonly they are plant- 
ed two feet row from row, and a foot afunder in the 
rows, which is full room enough for them to grow 
two or three years, by which time they fhould be 
tranfplanted where they are defigned to remain * for 
if they are too old when removed, they feldom fuc- 
ceed fo well as younger plants. 
The ground between the plants ftiould be carefully 
kept clean from weeds in fummer, and in the fpring 
fhould be well dug to loofen the earth, that their 
roots may extend themfelves every way ^ at that fea- 
fon prune off all ftrong fide branches (efpecially if 
you intend to train them up for ftandard trees,) that 
their top branches may not be checked by their fide 
fhoots, which often attrad the greateft part of the 
nouriftiment from the roots ; and if their Items are 
crooked, you muft place a ftrong ftake down by the 
fide of each plant, and fallen the ftem to it in feveral 
places, fo as to bring it ftrait, which direction it will 
foon take as it grows larger, and thereby the plants 
will be rendered beautiful. 
When they have remained in this nurfery two of 
three years, they ftiould be tranfplanted in the fpring 
where they are defigned to remain, which may be in 
wildernefs quarters among other flowering trees* ob- 
ferving to place them with trees of the fame growth, 
fo as they may not be overhung, which is a great pre- 
judice to moft plants. 
CEREFOLIUM. See Ch^erefolium. 
CERE US. Par. Bat. 122. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 292. 
Juffi Ad. R. Par. 1716. Cadus. Lin. Gen. Plant, 
539. The Torch Thiftle. 
The Characters are, 
It hath an oblong fcaly empakment , which is covered with 
(pines, and fits upon the germen . The flower is compofed 
M mm of 
