wtere. they are defigned to remain* and hot i:ranf- . 
planted, they will thrive, and endure the froft in win- 
ter much better than thofe which are removed ; fo 
that upon ruins or rubbifti the feeds of thefe plants 
may be lown, where they will thrive and continue 
much longer than in good land ; and in filch places, 
if they are properly difpofed, they will be very orna- 
mental, and their dowers having a ftrong odour, will 
perfume the air to a confiderable diftance. 
The Stock Gillifiowers are diftinguifhed frorfl the 
Wall-flowers by their hoary leaveSi Thefe agree with 
each other in their botanical chhradlers, fo are gene- 
rally included in the fame genus ; but the gardeners 
remove them to a confiderable diftance, and treat 
them very differently •, yet there is fo great affinity 
between them, as that they may be treated in the 
fame manner, and both will grow equally upori old 
walls or ruins ; but as they have been feparated by 
moft of the writers on gardening, I have, in compli- 
ance with that cuftom, ranged them accordingly. 
The fifth fort is now generally known by the appel- 
lation of ten Weeks Stock, but it is what was for- 
merly titled Annual Stock Gilliflower, whicli of late 
has been applied to another fpecies, which is biennial. 
This rifes with a round fmooth ftalk about two feet 
high, dividing into feveral branches upward, garnifh- 
ed with fpear-fhaped hoary leaves, which are rounded 
at their ends, and placed without order, fometimes 
being almoft oppofite, and others alternate, and fre- 
quently three or four together of unequal fizes •, at 
the ends of the branches the flowers are produced in 
loofe fpikes, which are placed alternate ; the empale- 
ment of the flower is large, ered, and (lightly cut 
into feveral acute parts at the top ; the petals are 
large and heart-fhaped, fpreading open in form of a 
crofs ; the pods are long, cylindrical, and have a 
longitudinal furrow on one fide, which opens in two 
cells, which are filled with flat roundifti feeds, having 
a thin border. It flowers in July and Auguft, and 
the feeds ripen in Odober. 
Of this fort there are the red, the purple, the white, 
and ftriped, with Angle flowers, and the fame colours 
with double flowers ; thefe are very great ornaments 
in the borders of the flower-garden in the autumn, 
when there is a fcarcity of other flowers ; and if the 
feeds are fown at two or three different times, the flow- 
ers may be continued in fucceflion near three months. 
The fir ft lowing fhould be about the middle of Fe- 
bruary, upon a very llender hot-bed, juft to bring up 
the plants, which mult be guarded againft froft ; and 
when they are fit to remove, they fhould be tranf- 
planted into the nurfery beds, at about three or four 
inches diftance, obferving to water and fhade them 
till they have taken root, and afterward to keep them 
clean from weeds ; in thefe beds they may remain 
five or fix weeks to get ftrength, and may then be 
planted into the borders of the flower-garden, where 
they are to remain : if thefe are tranlplanted when 
there is rain, they will foon take root, after which 
they will require no farther care. From thefe early 
plants good feeds may be expected, therefore fome 
of the fineft plants of each colour fhould be preferv- 
ed, and marked for feeds, which, when ripe, fhould 
be carefully cut before the froft pinches it, and the 
ftalks tied up in fmall bundles, and hung up in a dry 
room till the pods are well dried, when the feeds may 
be rubbed out and preferved for ufe. 
The fixth fort is a biennial plant, though when the 
feeds are fown early in the fpring, the plants often 
flower the following autumn ; but thefe plants which 
are fo forward, are often killed in winter ; therefore 
it is much better to fow them in May, that the plants 
may not grow too rank the fir ft feafon ; they will 
live through the winter, and produce large fpikes 
of flowers the fecond year. 
This is commonly called the Queen’s Stock Gilli- 
flower by the gardeners, and differs greatly from the 
other forts, though many of the late botanifts have 
fuppofed they were only feminal variations ; but from 
near forty years experience in the culture of thefe 
CHE 
plants, I can affirm, that the fpecies here enumerate 
ed, do not alter from one to the other, though they 
frequently vary in the colour ot their flowers. 
It rifes with a ftrong ftalk, which is almoft fhrubby, 
a foot high or more, having oblong, fpear-fhaped, 
hoary leaves, which are frequently waved on their 
edges, and turn downward at the extremity •, from 
the ftalk is fent out many lateral branches, which are 
garnifhed with the fame fhaped leaves, but fmaller * 
thefe fide branches are each terminated by a loofe 
fpike of flowers, each having an oblong woolly emu 
p element, arid confift of four large roundifti petals, 
which are indented at the end. Thefe ufually ap- 
pear in May and June, but the fame plants frequently 
continue flowering rhoft part 1 of the fummer. The 
feeds ripen in autumn, arid the plants generally pe- 
rifh foon after but when any of them grow in 
dry rubbifh, they will laft two or three years and 
become fhrubby ; but thofe with Angle flowers, are not 
Worth preferving after they have perfe&ed their feeds. 
The flowers of this fort vary in their colour * fome 
are of a pale red, others are of a bright red, and fome 
are curioufly variegated, but thofe of the bright red 
are generally moft efteemed. There is always a 
great number of double flowers produced, if the feeds 
are well chofen, frequently three parts in four of the 
plants will be double ; and as the plants divide into 
many branches, they make a fine appearance during 
their continuance in flower. 
The feventh fort is known by the title of Bromptorf 
Stock Gilliflower, I fuppofe from its having been 
there firft cultivated iri England. This rifes with an 
upright, ftrong, undivided ftalk, to the height of 
tv/o feet or more, garnifhed with long hoary leaves, 
which are reflexed, and waved on their edges, and at 
the top form a large head ; out of the center of thefe 
arifes the flower-ftalk, which, when the plants are 
ftrong, is frequently a foot and a half long, putting 
out two or three fnort branches toward the bottom * 
the flowers of this kind have longer petals than any 
of the other forts, and are formed into a pyramidal 
fpike ; but thofe with Angle flowers are loofely dif- 
pofed, becaufe the flowers having but few petals, do 
not fill the fpike, as thofe do which are double ; for 
thefe often have fo many petals, as to render each 
flower as large and full as fmall Rofes ; and when 
they are of a bright red, make a pretty appearance, 
being excelled by none of the flowery tribe; but the 
plants of this fort produce but one fpike, in v/hich it 
differs from all the other kinds, and being conftant in 
this particular, I think is fufficient to eftablifh a dif- 
tinfl fpecies. This fort is generally biennial, though 
many times the plants are preferved longer; but 
they are always ftronger the firft year of their flower- 
ing, than they will be after ; fo that the feeds are 
fown every fpring, to continue a fucceflion of flower- 
ing plants. 
The eighth fort is the White Stock Gilliflower, 
which is of longer duration than either of the other 
forts. I have frequently had thefe plants live three or 
four years, which have become fhrubby ; their ftalks 
have been three feet high, and branched out on every 
fide, fo as to appear like fhrubs ; thefe feldom fend 
out flower-ftalks from the center of the plant, but it 
is the fide branches which produce the flowers, and 
thefe fide branches divide into feveral other, which is 
not common to the other forts. There are always 
many double flowers rife from feeds of this fort, when 
they are well chofen ; fome years I have fcarce had 
enough Angle flowers to preferve the kind. The va- 
rieties of this are few, fometimes a few of the plants 
will produce pale fldh-coloured flowers, and now and 
then fome have been purple ; and as that fort of Stock 
Gilliflower, which is titled the Twickenham Purple, 
will fometimes come with flowers variegated with 
white, I have been inclinable to think thefe two 
may be varieties of each other ; and the rather, be- 
caufe the plants agree with each other in their exter- 
nal habit ; for neither of thefe put out their fiower- 
ftems from the center of the plants, but always on 
their 
