I 
their fpikes of flowers are always' very fhort, and have 
hot half the beauty ; therefore it is not worth while 
to practife this method, unlefs for thofe forts which 
cannot be obtained with any certainty from feed. 
The eleventh fort grows naturally in the fouth of 
France, Spain, and Italy, near the fea coaft. This 
rifes near a foot high, with a ligneous ftalk., dividing 
into many fmall branches, garnifhed with narrow 
hoary leaves, which are entire, and rounded at their 
extremity ; the flowers are produced in loofe fpikes 
at the end of the branches, which are fmaller than 
thofe of either fort before-mentioned, of a bright red 
at their firft appearing, but fade to a purple before 
they fall off The ftalks, leaves, and the whole plant 
is very white, and by its woody ftalks hath the ap- 
pearance of a perennial plant, but it generally pe- 
fifties in autumn. The feeds of this fort ftiould be 
fown in autumn, upon A warm border, where the 
plants are defigned to remain ; when the plants come 
up, they will require no farther care but to keep 
them clean from weeds, and thin them where they 
come up too clofe. Thefe autumnal plants will 
flower early in June, fo will produce good feeds ; 
but thofe which are fown in the fpring will flower in 
July and Atiguft, fo that from thefe there cannot be 
any certainty of having ripe feeds : however, by bow- 
ing the feeds at two or three different feafons; there 
may be a fuccefiion of flowers continued for three or 
four months. 
1 » 
The twelfth fort is commonly fown in gardens, 
fometimes as an edging for borders, but more gene- 
rally in patches between taller growing flowers : it is 
titled fometimes Dwarf annual Stock Gilliflower, and 
by others it hath the appellation of Virginia Stock 
Gilliflower. This feldom rifes more than fix inches 
high, fending out many branches from the root, 
which intermix and grow irregular ; thefe are gar- 
nifhed with fpear-fhaped leaves, rounded at their 
ends, and fit clofe to the branches ; the flowers come 
out in loofe fpikes at the end of the branches, which 
are of a purple colour, compofed of four petals in 
form of a crofs, and are fucceeded by {lender pods 
like thofe of the other forts. If the feeds of this 
fort are fown in patches, at two or three different 
times, the firft in autumn, the fecond the latter end 
of March, and the third the end of April, or the be- 
ginning of May, in the borders of the flower-garden, 
they will make a variety, when intermixed with other 
low growing annual flowers, for three months. 
The thirteenth fort rifes near two feet high, fending 
out many upright branches from the bottom, which 
are thinly garniftied with fpear-fhaped leaves, the 
lower ones being a little indented ; the flowers come 
out Angle, at great diftances from each other, toward 
the upper part of the branches ; thefe are fmall, of a 
purplifh red colour, and foon fall away, being fuc- 
ceeded by long taper pods, with awl-fhaped points. 
This is an annual plant, which may be treated in the 
fame manner as the laft mentioned fort ; but as it 
hath little beauty, it is not often cultivated in gardens. 
The fourteenth fort grows naturally on the fea coafts 
in Italy, Spain, and Portugal. This is alfo an an- 
nual plant, which branches out from the root into 
many declining ftalks ; the lower leaves are about 
two inches long, and three quarters of an inch broad, 
very deeply finuated on their edges, and hoary ; thofe 
upon the ftalks are of the fame form, but much 
fmaller ; the flowers are produced from the ftdes of 
the ftalks ftngly, and at the top in loofe fpikes ; the 
empalements of the flowers are covered with a white 
down, as are alfo the end of the branches ; the flow- 
ers are purple, compofed of four leaves placed in 
form of a crofs ; the pods are about three inches long, 
taper, woolly, and at their ends are divided into three 
parts, which fpread into a triangle. It flowers in Ju- 
ly, and when the feafon is favourable, the feeds will 
ripen in autumn ; but if the feeds are fown in autumn 
on a warm border, the plants will live through the 
winter, and thefe will flower early in June, fo from 
thefe good feeds may be obtained from them. 
Che 
The .fifteenth fort grows naturally on the fea coafts 
in the fouth of France and Spain, where it continues 
three. or four years ; the ftalk is ered, and the whole 
plant is covered with a white down ; the lower leaves 
are broad, fpear-fhaped, obtufe, and alternately in- 
dented; the flowers are fldh-coloured,. compofed. of 
four petals like the other fpecies, and are fucceeded 
by long woolly pods. 
This may be propagated by feeds in the fame manner 
as the other forts ; and if the plants grow in rubbifh, 
they will live through the winter better than in rich 
earth. 
The fixteenth fort is of humble growth, feldom rifina 
above eight or nine inches high; the leaves are very 
narrow, and indented on their edges ; the ftalk be- 
comes lhrubby, to which the flowers grow very clofe •; 
thefe are of a worn out purple colour, fo make but 
little appearance. It grows naturally in Spain and 
Italy, and is not fo hardy as the other forts, therefore 
requires fome protection in winter. 
The Seventeenth fort grows naturally in PbrtugaL 
This is a low annual plant with pointed leaves, whole 
borders ate indented as if tom ; the empalement of 
the flower is hoary ; the flowers have four purple pe- 
tals placed in form of a crofs, which are fucceeded 
by knobbed-pointed pods inclofing flat feeds. 
It the feeds of this kind are fown m the ipring Upon 
Sheltered borders, where the plants are to remain, and 
they are thinned and kept clean from weeds, the 
plants will flower in July, and produce ripe feeds in 
autumn. 
CHELIDONITJM. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 231. tab. 
1 16. Lin. Gen. Plant. 572. Chelidonium majus. Rail 
Meth. Plant. 100. Glaucium. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 
tab. 130. Celandine, or Greater Celandine, in French 
Cheliodine or Eclair. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath a roundijh empalement , compofed of two 
concave obtufe leaves , which fall off ; it hath four large 
roundijh petals , which fpread open and are narrow at their 
bafe ; in the center is fituated a cylindrical germen , at- 
tended by a great number of famine^ which are broad at 
the top , and are terminated by oblong , compreffed , twin 
fummits. Upon the germen is fituated a bifid fiigma in 
form of a head. The germen afterward becomes a cylin- 
drical pod, with one or two cells , opening with two valves, 
and filled with many fmall feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 
Linnaeus’s thirteenth clafs, intitled Polyandria Mo- 
nogynia, the flower having many ftamina and one 
ftyle. To this genus he has joined the Glaucium of 
Tournefort, whofe characters very well agree with 
thofe of Celandine, fo are very properly brought 
together. 
The Species are, 
1. Chelidonium ( Majus ) pedunculis urnbellatis. Lin.- 
Gen. Plant. 505. Celandine with anumbellated footfalk. 
Chelidonium majus vulgare. C. B. P. 144. Greater 
common Celandine. 
2. Chelidonium ( Laciniatum ) foliis quinque lobatis, 
lobis anguftis acute laciniatis. Celandine whofe leaves 
are compofed of five narrow lobes , which are cut into many 
acute figments. Chelidonium majus laciniato fiore. 
Cluf. Hift. 203. Greater Celandine with a jagged flower . 
3. Chelidonium {(Glaucium) pedunculis unifloris, foliis 
amplexicaulibus finuatis, caule glabro. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
506. Celandine with fingle flowers on the foot-folks, finu- 
ated leaves which embrace the ftalks, and a finooth ftalk. 
Glaucium fiore luteo. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 351. Glau- 
cium with a yellow flower ; and the Papaver corn icu la- 
tum luteum. C. B. P. 171. Yellow horned Poppy. 
4. Chelidonium {Comiculatum) pedunculis unifloris, fo- 
liis ieffilibus pinnatifidis, caulq hifpido. Lin. Sp. 
Plant. 506. Celandine with fingle flowers upon the foot - 
ftalks , leaves fit clofe to the ftalks which have winged 
points , and a rough ftalk. Glaucium hirfutum fiore 
Phcenicio. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 253. Hairy Glaucium , 
or homed Poppy , with a fiarlet flower. 
5. Chelidonium {Glabrum) pedunculis unifloris, foliis 
f femiamplexicaulibus, den tads, glabris. Celandine with 
foot - 
