/ 
foot-ftalks having a fingte flower , and fmooth indented 
leaves , which half embrace the ftalks . Glaucium gla- 
brum flore Phoenicio. Tourn. Inft. 254. Smooth horned 
Poppy with a fcarlet flower. 
6. Chelidonium ( Hybridum ) pedunculis unifioris* foliis 
pinnatifidis, linearibus, caule kevi filiquis trivalvibus. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 724. Celandine with Jingle flowers upon 
the foot-ftalk , many pointed narrow leaves , and a fmooth 
ftalk. Glaucium flore violaceo. Tourn. Inft. 254. 
Horned Poppy with a Violet-coloured flower. 
The firft fort is the common Celandine which is ufed 
in medicine, and is efteemed aperitive and cleanfing, 
opening obftrudions of the fpleen and liver, and is 
of great ufe in curing the jaundice and fcurvy. This 
grows naturally on the fide of banks, and in fiiady 
lanes in many parts of England, fo is feldom culti- 
vated in gardens * for if the feeds are permitted to 
fcatter* the ground will be plentifully ftored with 
plants to a confiderable diftance. It flowers in May, 
at which time the herb is in the greateft perfedion 
for ufe. 
The fecond fort is found growing in a few particular 
places, where the feeds have been formerly fown, or 
the plants caft out of gardens. This is by fome fup- 
pofed to be only a variety of the firft, but I have 
propagated this by feeds above forty years, and have 
conftantly found the plants produced to be the fame 
as thofe from which the feeds were faved, and never 
vary, nor have I ever obferved the firft alter to this. 
The leaves of this are divided into narrow long feg- 
ments, which are deeply jagged on their edges, and 
the petals of the flower are cut into many parts, in 
which it differs from the firft. If the feeds of this 
fort are permitted to fcatter, they will fill the ground 
with plants. They both delight in fhade. There is 
a variety of this with double flowers* which generally 
riles the fame from feeds* which is not ufual in many 
other plants * however, this variety may always be 
preferved by parting the roots. 
The third fort is known by the title of Horned Poppy* 
it was fo called from the refemblance which the 
flower bears to the Poppy, and the long feed-veffel, 
which is like a horn. It grows naturally upon the 
fandy and gravelly fhores by the fea, in many parts 
of England, from whence the feeds have been brought 
into gardens, where it is fometimes allowed to have 
place for the fake of variety. This plant abounds 
with a yellow juice which flows out from every part, 
when broken. It fends out many thick gray leaves, 
which are deeply jagged * the ftalks are* ftrong, 
fmooth, and jointed, which rife near two feet high, 
and divide into many brandies. Thefe are garnifhed 
with leaves at each joint * thofe on the lower part of 
the ftalks are long, broad, and deeply jagged, but 
the upper leaves are entire and almoft heart-fhaped : 
they clofely embrace the ftalks with their bafe * from 
the bofom of the leaves come out the ftiort foot-ftalks 
of the flowers, each fupporting one large yellow 
flower, compofed of four broad petals, which fpread 
open like the garden Poppy, in the center of which 
are a great number of yellow ftamina, furrounding 
a long cylindrical germen, crowned by an arrow- 
pointed ftigma, which is permanent, remaining upon 
the top of the horned feed-veffel, which grows nine 
or ten inches long, having a longitudinal furrow on 
one fide, where it opens when ripe, and lets out the 
feeds. This is a biennial plant, v/hich flowers the 
fecond year, and perifhes foon after the feeds are 
ripe. 
If the feeds of this plant are permitted to fcatter, 
they will fill the ground near them with plants, fo 
that it is not a proper plant for a flower-garden * but 
if a few of the feeds are fcattered about in rock work, 
the plants will rife without trouble, and in fuch 
places will have a pretty effed. And if the feeds are 
permitted to fcatter, there will always be a fupply of 
young plants * fo the only care they will require, is 
to pull them up when they multiply too faft. It 
flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 
autumn. 
CHE 
The fourth fort grows naturally in Spain, Italy, and 
fome parts of Germany, from whence the feeds have 
been brought to England. The leaves of it are 
deeply jagged and hairy, of a pale green, and grow 1 
dole to the ftalks : thofe at the bottom lie on the 
and are broader than thofe above. The 
ground 
ftalks afte a foot and a half high, having a Angle 
jagged leaf placed at each joint * thefe have many di- 
vifions, from their origin to the point, which is ex- 
tended longer than the lower leaves. The flowers 
come out from the bofom of the leaves * thefe are 
compofed of five broad obtufe petals, which are of 
a dark fcarlet colour, and foOn fall off. In the center 
of each is fituated an oblong germen, having no ftyle, 
but fupports a bifid ftigma * this is attended by a 
great number of ftiort ftamina, terminated by obtufe 
fummits. The germen afterward becomes a long 
taper pod, on the apex of which the bifid ftigma re- 
mains, fitting on the middle partition, which divides 
the pod into two cells, which are filled with final! 
feeds. The flower hath an empalement compofed of 
two hollow leaves, which are clofely fet with fhort 
prickles * this falls away when the flower is expanded. 
It flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 
autumn. As the flowers of this plant are but of 
ftiort duration, they do not make any confiderable 
figure * but the foliage of the plant is very elegant, 
and might be introduced by way of ornament to fur- 
niture with great advantage, being very pidurefque: 
it may alfo be wrought into patterns for filks, and 
painted upon porcelain, where it would have a very 
good effed. If the feeds of this plant are fowri in 
the autumn, they will more certainly grow than 
thole which are fown in the fpring * which frequently, 
in dry feafons, do not come up the fame year, or at 
leaft not before autumn * whereas thofe fown in au- 
tumn, frequently come up foon after, or if not at 
that feafon* do not fail coming up in the fpring; 
and thefe plants come early to flower, fo that good 
feeds may always be obtained from them. They 
fhould be fown where the plants are to remain, and 
they will require no other care but to thin them 
where they are too clofe, and keep them clean from 
weeds. 
The fifth fort differs from the fourth* in having 
broader leaves, which are not fo deeply divided * the 
whole plant is fmooth, and the flowers are larger, but 
are of the fame colour : this is alfo an annual plant* 
and requires the fame treatment as the laft. 
The fixth fort grows naturally among the Corn, in 
fome parts of England. This is alfo an annual plant* 
whofe feeds fhould be fown in autumn, for thofe 
which are fown in the fpring feldom fucceed. The 
leaves of this fort are finely jagged, and divided into 
narrow fegments, fomewhat like thofe of Buckftiorn 
Plantain * they are fmooth, of a lucid green, and are 
commonly oppofite. The ftalks rife little more than 
a foot high, dividing into two or three branches up- 
ward, garnifhed with fmall leaves of the fame form 
as thofe below. The flowers are fuftained by flender 
foot-ftalks, which come out from the win^s of the 
leaves * thefe are compofed of four obtufe petals, of 
a Violet colour* in the center of which is fituated a 
cylindrical germen, attended by a great number of 
ftamina * the germen afterward ‘becomes a long cy- 
lindrical pod, like thofe of the other fpecies. °The 
flowers of this plant are very fugacious, feldom lading 
above three or four hours before the petals drop off, 
efpecially in clear weather. It flowers in May, and 
tne. feeds ripen in July, and the plants foon after 
perifh. If the feeds are permitted to fcatter, the plants 
will come up without care as the others. 
C H EL ONE [yjxPr,, Gr . a tortoife.] Tourn. Ad, 
R. S. 1706. tab. 7. fol. 2. Lin. Gen. Plant. 666 . 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is of one leaf cut into five 
parts , and is permanent * the flower is of the ringent kind * 
having a floor / cylindrical tube , which is fwollen at the 
chaps , whey e it is oblong , convex above , and plain below\ 
the mouth is adtnofl do fed \ the upper lip is obtufe and in- 
1 -P P P den t ed * 
1 Ml 
