I 
C H R 
ing a jjoort ftyle , crowned by an obtufe ftigma. The ger- 
men afterward becomes a large , oval, flejhy fruit , inclofmg 
three or four flat feeds , having hardjhells. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fecftion of 
Linnaeus’s fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Monogynia, 
the flower having five ftamina and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1. Chrysophyllum ( Cainito ) foliis ovatis, parallele 
ftriatis fubtus, tomentofo-nitidis. Jacq. Amer. 15. 
Chryfophyllum with oval leaves , with parallel veins and 
neat woolly leaves on their under fide. Cainito folio 
fubtus aureo, fru£tu olivae formi. Plum. Nov. Gen. 
10. The Damfon-tree. 
2. Chrysophyllum ( Glabrum ) foliis utrinque glaberri- 
mis. jacq. Amer. 15. Chryfophyllum with very fmooth 
leaves. Cainito folio fubtus aureo, fru&u maliformi. 
Plum. Nov. Gen. 10. The Star Apple. 
Thefe trees grow naturally in the Weft-Indies, where 
the firft fort rifes from twenty to thirty feet high, 
dividing into many branches, garnifhed with oval 
leaves, fmooth above, and of a gold colour on their 
tinder fide •, the flowers come out from the fide of 
the branches, at the fetting on of the leaves, in 
round clufters, which are fucceeded by oval, fmooth, 
pulpy fruit, inclofmg three or four hard flat 
feeds. 
The fecond fort rifes with an upright trunk to the 
height of thirty or forty feet, dividing into many 
ilender branches, garnifhed with fpear-fhaped leaves, 
coming out without order •, from the wings of the 
leaves, and alfo at the extremity of the branches, the 
flowers are produced in bunches, which are fucceeded 
by round pulpy fruit the fize of a Golden Pippin, 
containing many flat hard feeds. 
The fruit of both thefe trees is very rough and af- 
tringent at firft, but by lying fome time after they 
are gathered, they become mellow, like the Medlar. 
The timber of both thefe trees is ufed in buildings, 
and for fhingles to cover houfes. 
Thefe plants are preferved in feveral curious gardens 
for the beauty of their leaves, efpecially the firft fort, 
whofe under fldes fhine like fattin, the upper Aides are 
of a deep green. The leaves continue all the year, 
fo make a very pretty appearance in the ftove at all 
leafons. 
Thefe trees, being natives of the warmeft parts of 
the world, cannot be preferved in this country, with- 
out being kept in the warmeft ftoves •, and fhould 
always remain in a hot-bed of tanners bark, other- 
wife they will make but little progrefs. They are 
propagated by feeds, which muft be procured from 
the places of their growth, for they do not produce 
fruit in Europe. Thefe feeds muft be frefh, other- 
wife they will not grow 3 and if they are fent over in 
fand, it will preferve them from drying too much 3 
when the feeds arrive, they muft be fown as foon as 
pofftble in fmall pots filled with light frefh earth, and 
plunged into a good hot-bed of tanners bark. If 
the feeds are good, and the bed in a proper tempe- 
rature of warmth, the plants will appear in five or 
fix weeks •, and in about two months after, will be 
ftrong enough to tranfplant 3 in doing of which, the 
plants, with all the earth, fhould be fhaken out of 
the pots very carefully, and feparated with their roots 
entire, and each planted into a Angle fmall pot Ailed 
with frefh rich earth, and plunged again into a hot- 
bed of tanners bark, watering and fhading them un- 
til they have taken frefh root. If the hot-bed in 
which thefe plants are plunged, is from time to time 
ftirred, and a little frefh tan added to it, to renew 
the heat when it declines, the plants will make good 
progrefs, and in three or four months will be near 
a foot high, and may then be fhifted into pots a 
fmall Aze larger than thofe they before were in. If 
thefe plants are conftantly kept in a warm bed in the 
ftove, and fhifted twice a year, to renew the earth 
to their roots, they will thrive very faft, and put out 
their fide branches., fo as to make a handfome ap- 
pearance in the ftove, with other curious plants of 
the fame country 3 for though they do not produce 
either flowers or fruit, yet as they keep their leaivel 
through the year, which are fo very beautiful, they 
deferve a place in the ftove, better than moft other 
plants. The chief care they require, is to keep their! 
conftantly in a proper degree of heat, and never to 
put them into too large pots •, and in winter they 
fhould not have too much water, about twice a week 
will be often enough to water them •, and in the 
depth of winter, they fhould not have much at each 
time. 
Thefe trees are frequently propagated in the Weft- 
Indies, by planting of their branches (as I have been 
informed by perfons of credit-,) but I have not 
heard of their being propagated in England by that 
method. 
CHRYSOSPLENIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 493. 
[^u< 70 (T 7 rAAio!/, of Gold, and cnr'/Iv, tire fpleen 3 
q. d. a plant, the flowers of which are of a golden 
colour, and good againft difeafes of the fpleen.] 
Golden Saxifrage. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement is divided into four or jive parts , which 
fpread open , are coloured , and permanent. The flower 
hath no petals, but eight or ten ftamina, vtohich are ftoort 
erect, and fltand oppofite to the- angles of the empalement i 
terminated by fingle fummits : the germen is immetfed in 
the empalement , Jupporting two jhort ftyles, crowned by 
obtufe ftigma. The germen afterward becomes a capflule 
with two beaks, opening with two valves , and filled with 
fmall feeds . 
This genus t>f plants is ranged in the fecond fedcion 
of Linnaeus’s tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Digynia, 
the flowers having ten ftamina and two ftyles. 
The Species are, 
1. Chrysosplenium {Alterniflolium) foliis alternis. Flor. 
Suec. 317. Golden Saxifrage with alternate leaves. Saxi- 
fraga aurea foliis pediculis oblongis infldentibus. Raii 
Syn. Hift. 206. Golden Saxifrage with leaves growing 
upon long foot-Jialks. 
2. Chrysosplenium {Oppofitifolium) foliis oppofttis, Sauv. 
Monip. 128. Golden Saxifrage with oppofite leaves . 
Chryfofplenium foliis amplionbus auriculatis. Tourn. 
Inft. 146. Golden Saxifrage with larger eared leaves. 
Thefe two plants are found growing wild in many 
parts of England, upon marfhy foils and bogs, as 
alfo in moift fhady woods, and are feldom propagated 
in gardens 3 where, if any perfon has curioflty to 
cultivate them, they muft be planted in very rr.oift 
fhady places, otherwife they will not thrive. They 
flower in March and April. 
CIBOULS, orCHIBOULS. See Gepa. 
CICER. Lin. Gen. Plant. 783. Tourn. Inft. R. LL 
tab. 2 10. [This plant is called Cicer, of K/xuf, ftrength^ 
becaufe it is faid to ftrengthen : it is alfo called Aide-* 
taria, becaufe the feeds of it refemble the head of a 
ram.] Cicer, or Chich Peafe. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is cut into five flegmnts, flour 
of which lie upon the ftandard 3 the two middle, which are 
the longeft , are joined, the other is under the keel. The 
flower is of the butterfly kind-, the jlandard is larger 
roundijh, and plain 3 the wings are much jhcrier and ob- [ 
tufle, the keel is jhorter than the wings, and is jharp- 
pointed. It hath ten ftamina , nine of them are joined, 
and the tenth is feparate, terminated by fingle fummits. 
It hath an oval germen jupporting a fingle ftyle, crowned 
by an obtufe ftigma. The germen afterward becomes a 
turgid fwelling pod of a rhomboidal figure , inclofmg two 
roundijh feeds, with a protuberance on their fide. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fetftion of 
Linnaeus’s feventeenth clafs, intitled Diadelphia De- 
candria, from the flower having ten ftamina joined 
in two bodies. 
There is but one Species of this genus* viz. 
Cicer ( Arietinum ) foliolis ferratis. Hort. Cliff. 3 yen 
Chich Peafle with flawed leaves. Cicer fativum. C, B. P, 
347. Garden Chich Peafle. 
There is a variety of this with a red feed, which dif- 
fers from it in nothing but the colour. 
R r r 
It 
