feufon from the former fort; for when they are laid 
in the autumn, their fhoots are become tough, fo 
rarely put out roots under two years ; and after lying 
fo long in the ground, not one in three of them will 
have made good roots j fo that many have fuppofed 
thefe plants were difficult to propagate, but fince they 
have altered their feafon of doing it, they have found 
thefe layers have fucceedecl as well as thofe of other 
plants. • 
The beft time for laying down the branches is in the 
beginning of July, foon after they have made their 
firft fhoots, for it is thefe young branches of the 
fame year, which freely take root ; but as thefe are 
very tender, there fhould be great care taken not to 
break them in the operation : therefore thofe 
branches from which thefe fhoots were produced, 
fhould be brought down to the ground, and fattened 
to prevent their rifing ; then the young fhoots fhould 
be laid into the earth, with their tops raifed upright, 
three or four inches above ground ; and after the 
layers are placed down, if the furface of the ground 
be covered with mofs, rotten tanners bark, or other 
decayed mulch, it will prevent the ground from dry- 
ing, fo that the layers will not require watering above 
three or four, times, which fhould not be at lefs than 
five or fix days interval ; for when thefe layers have 
too much wet, the tender fhoots frequently rot ; or 
when the young fibres are newly put out, they are fo 
tender, as to perifh by having much wet : therefore 
where the method here directed is praftifed, the lay- 
ers will more certainly take root, than by any other 
yet pradifed. 
As moft of thefe plants have climbing branches, 
they fhould be always planted where they may be 
fupported, otherwife the branches will fall to the 
ground and appear unfightly ; fo that unlefs they are 
properly difpofed, inftead of being ornaments to a 
garden, they will become the reverie. Where there 
are arbours or feats, with trellis work round them, 
thefe plants are very proper to train up againft it ; or 
where any walls or other fences require to be covered 
from the fight, thefe plants are very proper for the 
purpofe ; but they are by no means proper for open 
borders, nor do they anfwer the expectation, when 
they are intermixed with fhrubs ; for unlefs their 
branches have room to extend, they will not be pro- 
ductive of many flowers. 
The fort with double flowers is the moft beautiful, 
fo that fhould be preferred to thofe with Angle flow- 
ers, of which a few only fhould be planted for va- 
riety. They are all equally hardy, fo are feldom in- 
jured by froft, excepting in very fevere winters, when 
fometimes the very tender fhoots are killed ; but if 
thefe are cut off in the fpring, the Items will put out 
new fhoots. 
The tenth, eleventh, and fifteenth forts are alfo very 
hardy plants, and have climbing branches, fo may 
be difpofed in the fame manner as the other : they 
are alfo propagated by layers, which will fucceed, if 
performed at the fame time, and in the fame manner 
as is directed for them. 
The other forts are natives of the warmeft parts of 
America, fo will not thrive in this country, unlefs 
they are preferved in ftoves ; but as thefe are great 
ramblers and plants of no great beauty, they are fel- 
dom preferved in Europe, but in botanic gardens for 
the fake of variety. Thefe may be propagated by 
layers, in the fame manner as the other forts ; or may 
be raifed from feeds, obtained from the countries 
where they naturally grow ; but thefe muft be treated 
in the fame manner as other exotic plants from the 
fame country. 
CLEOME. Lin. Gen. Plant. 740. Sinapiftrum. 
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 231. tab. 116. 
The Characters are. 
The ftoiver hath a four-leaved empakment which fpreads 
open: it hath four petals which are inclined upward and 
fpread open , the two lower being lefs than the other •, in the 
bottom there are three mellous glands which are roundijh , 
and an feparated by the mpalement, It hath fix or more 
flamina which are incurved , having rifing fummits fixed 
to their fide : it hath a Jingle fiyle , fupporting an oblong 
germen , which is of the fame length as the jtamina , and 
crowned by a thick ftigma. The germen afterward be- 
comes a long cylindrical pod, fitting upon the. fiyle , having 
one cell, opening with two valves , and filled with roundijh 
feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fe&iori 
of Linnaeus’s fifteenth clafs, intitled Tetradynamia 
Siliquofa •, the plants of this feCtion have in the flow- 
ers four long and two fhort ftamina, and their feeds 
are included in long pods. 
The Species are, 
1. Cleome fPentapMfild) floribus gynandris^ folds qui- 
natis caule inermi. Lin. Sp. 938. Cleome with flowers 
having male and female parts , five leaves, and finooih 
ftalks. Sinapiftrum Indicum, pentaphyllum flore 
carneo, minus, non fpinofum. H. L. 
2. Cleome ( Ornithopodoides ) floribus hexandris, foliis 
ternatis, foliolis ovati-lanceolatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
940. Cleome with flowers having fix ftamina, trifoliate 
leaves, and fpear-Jhaped lobes. Sinapiftrum Orientale, 
triphyllum, ornithopodii filiquis. Tourn. Cor. 17. 
3. Cleome ( Lufitanicd ) floribus hexandris, foliis terna- 
tis, foliolis lineari-lanceolatis, filiquis bivalvibus. 
Cleome with flowers having fix ftamina , trifoliate leaves , 
narrow fpear-Jhaped lobes , and pods having two valves „ 
Sinapiftrum Lufitanicum triphyllum, flore rubroi 
Tourn. Inft. R. H. 231. 
4. Cleome ( Vifcofa ) floribus dodecandris, foliis quina- 
tis ternatilque. Flor. Zeyl. 241. Cleome with flowers 
having twelve ftamina, trifoliate and quinquefoliate 
leaves. Sinapiftrum Zeylanicum, triphyllon & pen- 
taphyllon vifcofum, flavo flore. Mart. Dec. 3. 
5. Cleome ( Triphylla ) floribus hexandris, foliis ternatis, 
foliolo intermedio majori. Clecme with flowers having 
fix ftamina, and trifoliate leaves , whofe middle lobe is the 
largeft. Sinapiftrum Indicum triphyllum, flore car- 
neo non fpinofum. H. L. 
6. Cleome ( Erucago ) floribus hexandris, foliis feptenis, 
caule fpinofo, filiquis pendulis. Cleome with flowers 
having fix ftamina , leaves with feven lobes, a prickly 
ftalk, and hanging pods. Sinapiftrum fEgyptiacum 
heptaphyllum, flore carneo, majus fpinofum. H. L. 
7. Cleome ( Spinofa ) floribus hexandris, foliis quinatis 
ternatifque, caule fpinofo. Cleome with flowers having 
fix ftamina, leaves compofed of five and three lobes, and 
a prickly ftalk. Sinapiftrum Indicum fpinofum, flore 
carneo, folio trifido vel quinquefido. Houft. MSS. 
8. Cleome ( Monophylla ) floribus hexandris, foliis fim- 
plicibus, petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis. Flor. Zeyl. 243. 
CleGme with fix ftamina to the flowers , and fix leaves , 
which are ovally fpear-Jhaped. Sinapiftrum Zeylanicum 
vifcofum, folio folitario, flore flavo, filiqua tenub 
Burrn. Thef. 217. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Afla, Africa, and 
America ; I have received the feeds of it from Aleppo, 
and the coaft of Guinea, and in the earth, which came 
from the Weft-Indies with other plants •, this hath 
come up as a weed. It rifes with an herbaceous ftalk 
about a foot high, garniftied with fmooth leaves, 
compofed of five fmall leaves or lobes, joining at 
their bafe to one center, and fpread out like the fin- 
gers of a hand. The leaves on the lower part of the 
ftalk ftand upon long foot-ftalks, which are gradu*- 
ally fliortened to the top of the ftalk, where they al- 
moft join it : the flowers are produced in loofe fpikes 
at the end of the ftalks and branches 4 thefe have four 
petals of a fiefii colour, which ftand eredt, fpreading 
from each other ; and below thefe are placed the 
ftamina and ftyle, which coalefce at the bottom, and 
are ftretched out beyond the petals, where they fpread 
open ; after the flower is paid, the germen which fits 
upon the ftyle, becomes a taper pod, about two 
inches long, filled with round feeds. This is an an- 
nual plant, which dies foon after the feeds are ripe. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in the Levant, from 
whence Dr. Tournefortfent the feeds to the royal gar- 
den at Paris, and from thence moft of the botanic 
gardens in Europe have been furnifhed with it : this 
rifes 
