fhape like thofe of the common Hawthorn* but are 
much larger ■, as is alfo the fruit, which when fully 
ripe has an agreeable acid tafte, for which it is 
efteemed by the inhabitants of the countries where it 
grows naturally* 
The eighth fort is the common Hawthorn, which is 
generally planted lor fences in molt parts of England, 
therefore being univerfally known to the inhabitants, 
it requires no defcription : there are two or three va- 
rieties of this fort, which differ in the fize of their 
leaves and the ftrength of their fhoots ; however, 
thofe with the fmalleft leaves are generally preferred 
for hedges, as their branches always grow clofer to- 
gether; the method of raifing the plants, and planting 
them for hedges, being fully treated of under the 
article of Hedges, I need not repeat here. 
The ninth fort grows naturally in North America, 
this has a {lender fhrubby ftalk, riling about fix or 
feven feet high, fending out many irregular branches, 
armed with long {lender thorns, and garniftied with 
fhort, oval, wedge-fhaped leaves, which are fawed 
on their edges, and are woolly on their under fide ; 
the flowers are fmall, proceeding from the fide o i the 
branches, Handing fometimes fingle, and at other 
times two or three upon the fame foot-ftalk, having 
large leafy empalements, and are fucceeded by fmall 
roundifh fruit, with a large leafy umbilicus, which 
was before the empalement of the flower : the flowers 
appear the beginning of June, and the fruit ripens 
very late in the autumn. 
This fort may be propagated in the fame manner as 
the firft, but requires a ftrong deep foil, otherwife it 
will not thrive. It is very hardy in refpeflt to cold, 
but atprelent is very rare in England. 
All the forts of Haws may be propagated by feeds, 
which fhould be fown in autumn, in the fame manner 
as hath been directed for the firft fort ; but as thefe 
feeds are frequently brought from America, and do 
not arrive here till fpring, the fruit may be buried 
in the ground till the autumn following, when they 
may be taken up and fown in drills, being careful 
to cover them fo as to prevent birds from deftroying 
them. In the fpring following the plants will come 
up, which fhould be moderately watered two or three 
times a week, if the fpring fhould prove dry; during 
the fummer, they muft be kept clean from weeds, 
which if fuffered to grow, will foon overbear the 
plants and deftroy them. The following fpring the 
plants fhould be planted out before they begin to 
fhoot, into a nurfery-bed, where they may grow two 
years to get ftrength, w r hen they may be tranfplanted 
where they are to remain. If thefe plants are planted 
in a moift light foil, their roots wall extend to a con- 
ftderable diftance, and put up many fhoots, which 
may be taken off in the fpring, and thereby may be 
increafed ; this will alfo take if grafted on the Pear, 
and if the young branches are laid down, they will 
take root, fo the plants may be propagated either 
wav. 
The other forts of Hawthorn are generally planted 
among flowering flirubs of the fame growth, where 
they add to the variety. 
C RAT EVA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 528. Tapia. Plum. 
Nov. Gen. 22. tab. 21. Garlic Pear. 
The Characters are. 
The empalement of the flower is of one leaf cut at the top 
into four oval fegments , which Jpread open. 'The flower 
hath four oval petals , which are narrow at their bafe , 
and broad at the top. It hath many briflly flamina, which 
are longer than the petals , terminated by oblong erebi fum- 
mits. It hath a long incurved ftyle , upon which fits the 
oval germen , crowned by the fligma , fitting clofe on the 
top. The germen afterward becomes a large flejhy globu- 
lar fruit with one cell , including many kidney-floaped feeds. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedcion of 
Linnaeus’s eleventh clafs, intitled Dodecandria Mono- 
gynia, the plants of this clafs and fieftion have twelve 
ftamina in their flowers, and one ftyle. 
The Species are, 
1.. Ce.ate.va {Tapia) inermis foliis integerrimis, foliolis 
lateralibus bafiantica brevioribus. Lin. Sp. 673. Smooth 
Crateva , or Garlic Tear. Tapia arborea triphylla; 
Plum. Nov. Gen. 22. 
2. Crateva ( Marmalos ) fpinofa foliis ferratis. Flor, 
Zeyl. 212. Prickly Crateva. Cucurbitifera trifolia fpi- 
nofa medica, fructU puipa Cydonii semula. Buk. 
Aim. 125. 
The firft fort grows naturally in both Indies, I 
received the fruit of this from Jamaica, where It 
grows in great plenty, which were lent me by Wil- 
liam Williams, Efq; of St. Anne’s, in that ifiand, 
who has been fo kind as to furnifh me with many 
other curious feeds which have fucceeded in the Chel- 
fea garden. 
This tree hath a very large trunk, which rifes to the 
height of thirty feet or upward, covered with a dark 
green bark, fending out many branches, fo as to form 
a large head. The branches are garnifhed with tri- 
foliate leaves, Handing on pretty long foot-ftalfes; 
the middle leaf, which is much larger than either of 
the other, is oval, about five inches long, and two 
and a half broad in the middle. The tw.o fide leaves 
are oblique, thofe fides which join the middle leaf 
being much narrower than the other, and turn at both 
ends toward the middle, fo that their midrib Is not 
parallel to the fides thefe two end in acute points. 
The leaves are lmooth, of a light green on the upper 
fide, but pale on their under •, their edges are entire. 
The flowers are produced at the ends of the branches. 
Handing upon long foot-ftalks •, thefe have empale- 
ments of one leaf, which are cut into four fegments, 
altnoft to the bottom. The flower hath four oblong 
petals, which fpread open, and are refiexed, having 
many long {lender ftamina, which are connected at 
their bale, but fpread open above, and are terminated 
by oblong purple fummits ; thefe furround a {lender 
long ftyle, upon which* is fituated the oval germen, 
which is crowned by an obtufe ftigma. The germen 
afterward becomes a round fruit, about the fize of 
an Orange, having a hard brown {hell, or cover, in- 
clofing a meally pulp, filled with kidney-fhaped 
feeds. This fruit hath a ftrong fmell of Garlic, 
which is communicated to the animals that feed on it. 
This is propagated by feeds, which muft be procured 
from the countries where the trees grow naturally, 
and muft be fown on a hot-bed in the fpring ; when 
the plants come up, they muft be treated in due lame 
manner as hath been directed for the Annona, to 
which article the reader is deftred to turn for the 
culture. 
The l'econd fort grows naturally in India, where It 
grows to a great height, with a large trunk, fending 
out many long branches, garnifhed with trifoliate 
leaves, which are oblong, entire, and end in acute 
points ; between thefe the branches are armed with 
long fharp thorns, which come out by pairs, and 
fpread afunder. The flowers are produced in fmall 
clufters from the fide of the branches, five or feven 
{landing upon a common branching foot-ftalk ; thefe 
have each five acute petals, which are refiexed, and 
many ftamina which Hand round a fingle ftyle of the 
fame length ; the petals are green on the outfide, 
whitifh within, and have a grateful odour. After 
the flower is paft, the germen fwells to a large fruit 
the fize of an Orange, having a hard {hell, which 
inclofes a flefhy vifeous pulp, of a yellowifh colour, 
having many oblong plain feeds fituated within it;., 
the pulp of this fruit hath an agreeable flavour when 
ripe, fo is frequently eaten in India, where they ferve 
up the fruit, mixed with Sugar and Orange, in their 
deierts, and is efteemed a great delicacy. 
This fort is propagated by feeds, which muft be pro- 
cured from the places where it grows naturally •, thefe- 
muft be fown upon a good hot-bed in the fpring, 
and when the plants are fit to remove, they fhould 
be each tranfplanted into a fmall pot filled with light 
kitchen-garden earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of 
tanners bark, {hading them every day from the fun, 
until they have taken frefh root, after which they 
may be treated in the fame manner as the Annona 5 
but 
