thereby. The belt feafon for removing them is in 
the beginning of April, when the drying eafterly 
winds of March are over, and, if poffible, choofe a 
cloudy day, when it is inclinable to rain ^ and in tak- 
ing them out of the feed-bed, preferve the roots as 
entire as poffible, and, if you can, a ball of earth to 
each plant. The foil in which thefe trees ftiould be 
planted (as I before laid) fhould be, for the two firft 
forts, a warm fand or gravel, which, when you have 
prepared, by carefully digging and cleanfing from all 
noxious weeds, you muff lay level. Then draw the 
lines where the trees are to be planted at three feet 
afunder, and plant the trees at eighteen inches dis- 
tance in the rows, obferving to clofe the earth well to 
their roots, as alfo to lay a little mulch upon the fur- 
face of the ground about their Hems •, and water them 
well to fettle the earth to their roots, which Ihould be 
repeated twice a week, until the plants have taken 
frefh root. 
Thefe plants may remain in the nurfery three or four 
years, according to the progrefs they make, or till 
your ground is ready where they are to be planted : 
but if you intend to let them remain longer, you 
fhould take up every other tree in the rows, and tranf- 
plant out *, for otherwife their roots will be matted to- 
gether, fo that it will render it difficult to tranfplant 
them, as alfo endanger the future growth of the trees. 
7 O O 
The plants fhould by no means be let ftand too long 
in the nurfery before they are traniplanted out for 
good, becaufe the roots do not mat together fo clolely 
as thofe of many other forts ofEvergreen Trees, where- 
by they may be taken up with good balls of earth to 
their roots ; but the roots of the Cyprefs are apt to 
extend out in length, fo it is one of the moft difficult 
trees to remove when grown large ; therefore moft 
curious perfons choofe to plant the young plants into 
fmall pots, when they firft take them out of the feed- 
bed, and fo train them up in pots two or three years, 
until they are fit to plant out where they are to ftand 
for good, and, by this management, they are fecure 
of all the plants ; for thefe may be fhaken out of the 
pots at any time of the year without danger, and 
planted with their whole ball of earth, which is like- 
wife a great advantage. When they are planted out 
for good (if they are defigned for timber) they fhould 
be planted about twelve or fourteen feet diftance 
every way, and be very careful in removing thofe in 
the full ground, not to fhake the earth from their 
roots ; to prevent which, you ftiould open the ground 
about each tree, cutting off all long roots, then work- 
ing under the ball of earth, cut the downright roots 
off i and after having pared off all the earth from 
the upper part of the ball, as alfo reduced the bulk 
of it, fo that its weight may not be too great for the 
fibres to fupport, they may be carried upon a hand- 
barrow by two perfons to the place where they are to 
be planted ; but if they are to be carried to a 
diftant place, they fhould either be put into bafkets, 
or their roots clofely matted up. When they are 
planted, you muft fettle the earth clofe to their roots 
as before, laying a little mulch upon the furface of 
the ground about their ftems, to prevent the fun and 
wind from entering the earth to dry their fibres ; and 
water them well, to fettle the ground to their roots, 
which muft alfo be repeated, if the weather proves 
dry, until they have taken root, after which time they 
will require little more care than to keep them clear 
from weeds. 
The firft, which is the moft common fort in England, 
feldom produces good feeds in this country ; it is 
therefore the beft way to have the cones brought over 
entire from the fouth parts of France andJtaly, where 
they ripen perfectly well, and take the feeds out juft 
before you low them, for they will keep much better 
in the cones than if they are taken out. The method 
to get the feeds out is to expofe the cones to a gentle 
heat, which will caufe them to open, and eafily emit 
their feeds. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in the Levant, and 
from thence it has been formerly brought to Italy, but 
at prefent this is pretty rare in England ; for what 
has paffed under this title here, is only a variety of 
the common fort, whofe branches grow much loofep 
and not fo upright as the firft ; but the cones taken 
from thefe trees, and the feeds fown, have frequently 
produced plants of both varieties but the true fpread- 
ing Cyprefs extends its branches horizontally from 
the firft year, and continues to extend them to a great 
length as the plants advance, and the plants railed 
from the feeds do not vary, fo that it is certainly a 
diftind fpecies. This grows to be a large timber tree 
in the Levant, and in Italy there are fame of a con- 
fiderable fize. 
The Virginian kind may alfo be propagated in as 
great plenty, for the cones of this may be eafily pro- 
cured from Carolina or Virginia, in both which places 
they grow in great abundance ; and the feeds will 
rife as eafily as any of the other forts, and the plants 
are equally as hardy : thefe have been formerly kept 
in pots, and houfed in winter, with which manage- . 
ment they have not fucceeded fo v/ell as they have 
done in England, fince people have planted them into 
the full ground ; and where they have had a moift foil, 
I have obferved them to thrive beft, which is fince 
confirmed by Mr. Catefby, in his Natural Hiftory of 
Carolina ; where he fays, that this tree grows in places 
where the water commonly covers the furface of the 
ground three or four feet, fo that it may be a very 
great improvement to our boggy foils. This tree, 
calling its leaves in winter, does not fo well fuit with 
plantations of Evergreens at that feafon ; though, in 
fummer, when there is the greateft pleafure in walk- 
ing among plantations of trees, it hath fo much the 
appearance of an Evergreen, as to pafs for fuch. It 
may alfo be propagated by cuttings, which fhould be 
planted in a bed of moift earth in the fpring before 
they begin to fhoot. 
The third fort is at prefent pretty rare in the Englifh 
gardens, though of late years there have been many 
plants raffed here •, but this fort is not quite fo hardy, 
I fear, as the common Cyprefs, for the plants are fre- 
quently killed, or greatly injured in fevere winters ; 
and in the hard froft in 1 740, there was a large tree 
of this kind entirely killed in the gardens of his Grace 
the Duke of Richmond, at Goodwood in Suffex, which 
had been growing there feveral years ; and in the year 
1762, many large trees were killed. There are great 
plenty of thefe trees growing at a place called Bufaco, 
near Coembra in Portugal, where this tree is called 
the Cedar of Bufaco ; and there it grows to be a tim- 
ber tree, fo that from thence the feeds may be eafily 
procured. 
This tree grows naturally at Goa, from whence it 
was firft brought to Portugal, where it has fucceeded, 
and been propagated ; formerly there were fome 
trees of this fort growing in the Biftiop of London’s 
garden at Fulham, where it paffed under the title of 
Cedar of Goa, by which it was fent from thence to 
the Leyden garden with that name. 
The fifth fort is a native of North America, where 
it grows to a confiderable height, and affords an ufeful 
timber to the inhabitants for many purpofes. This 
fort is extremely worth cultivating in England ^ for 
as it grows in a much colder country, there is no 
danger of its thriving well in the open air in Eng- 
land ; and being an Evergreen of regular growth, 
will add to the variety of wildernefs quarters, or other 
plantations of Evergreen Trees. 
This fort is propagated by feeds, which ftiould be 
fown in the fpring in boxes or tubs filled with light 
freffi earth, and placed where they may enjoy the 
morning fun till eleven or twelve o’clock. In dry 
weather they ftiould be duly watered, and conftantly 
kept clear from weeds, In this fituation they may 
remain till Michaelmas, when they fhould be remov- 
ed to a warmer place ; for the plants feldom appear 
till the following fpring, fo that it will be proper to 
place the boxes or tubs near a fouth wall, pale, or 
hedge, during the winter feafon •, left, by being too 
much ftiaded, the wet of the winter feafon fhould rot 
