D A U 
Blit in order to preferve your Carrots for ufe all the 
winter and fpring; you fhould, about the beginning 
of November, when the green leaves are decayed, 
dig them up, and lay them in fand in a dry place, 
where the froft cannot come to them, takings diem 
out from time to time as you have occafion for them, 
referving forne of the longeft and ftraiteft roots for 
feed, if you intend to fave any ; which roots fliould 
be planted in the middle of February, in a light foil, 
about a foot afunder each way; obferving to keep the 
ground clear from weeds ; and about the middle of 
Auguft, when you find the feeds are ripe, you mull: cut 
it off, and carry it to a dry place, where it fhould be 
expofed to the fun and air for feveral days to dry ; 
then you may beat out the feeds, and put it up in 
bags, keeping it in a dry place until you ufe it. 
This feed is feldoni efteemed very good after the firft 
Or fecond year at mod, but new feed is always pre- 
ferred, nor will it grow when it is more than two 
years old. 
The third fort grows naturally about Montpelier •, 
this hath lmoother ftalks than the common Carrot, the 
fegments of the leaves are broader, and of a lucid 
green ; the umbels of the flowers are larger, and not 
fo regular. This is an annual plant, but it fucceeds 
bell; when fown in autumn. 
The fourth fort is of lower growth than either of the 
former-, the ftalks are clolely covered with fhort 
prickles, the fegments of the leaves are broad and 
obtuie, the umbels are ftnall, and the involucrum is 
longer than the umbel, and the leaves are trifid which 
compofe it. 
The fifth fort rifes with a {lender, rough, hairy ftalk 
upward of two feet high •, the leaves are fhort, and 
have a few fmall ones intermixed, which are thinly 
placed, and cut into acute fegments; the umbels are 
not fo large as thofe of the common fort, and the in- 
volucrum is twice the length of the umbel ; the leaves 
which compofe it are divided into five or feven parts, 
ending in acute points ; the flowers are yellow. 
The fixth fort hath a channelled ftalk rifling near 
three feet, which is terminated by large umbels of 
flowers, with a wing-pointed involucrum ; the feg- 
ments of the lower leaves are cut into obtufe fegments, 
and are of a deep green colour, 
ft he feventh fort is an annual plant, which grows na- 
turally in Spain and Italy ; this rifes with an upright, 
fmooth, channelled ftalk three feet high, garnifhed 
with fmooth leaves, which are divided into many fine 
narrow fegments like thofe of Fennel; the ftalks 
branch out upward, and each branches terminated by 
a large umbel, compofed of a great number of fmall 
ones; the involucrum is fhorterthan the umbel, and 
each of the leaves which compofe it is trifid : the 
foot-ftalks which fuftain the fmall umbels (or rays) 
are long and ftiff; thefe are by the Spaniards ufed 
for picking their teeth, from whence the plant had 
the title of Vifnaga, or Pick-tooth. The feeds of this 
plant fliould be fown in autumn, for thofe which are 
iown in the fpring frequently fail, or at leaft remain 
in the ground till next year before they grow ; the 
plants require no other culture but to keep them 
clean from weeds, and thin them where they are too 
clofe. 
The eighth fort grows naturally about Tangier. This 
rifes with an upright ftalk above two feet high, gar- 
nifhed with double-winged leaves which are hairy ; 
the ftalk branches upward into feveral diviflons, each 
being terminated by an umbel of white flowers, which 
are fucceeded by prickly feeds. 
.if the feeds of this fort are not fown in the autumn, 
the plants rarely perfect their feeds in this country ; 
for when they are fown in the fpring, and the plants 
come up foon after, they generally run up to feed in 
autumn, fothat the frofts conie on before they have 
time to ripen. 
I hem forts are fometimes preferved in botanic gar- 
dens for the fake of variety, but being of no ufe, are 
not cultivated in other gardens. 
CAUCUS C RE FICUS. See Athamanta. 
DAY 
D’AYENIA, Monier. 
This genus of plants receives its title from Monfelg- 
neur Le Due D’Ayen, who is a great lover and pro- 
moter of the fci'ence of botany ; and has a noble 
garden at St. Germains, which is well ftored with rare 
plants from many different parts of the wbrld, and 
has appointed Dr. Monier, member of the Royal A- 
caderny of Sciences, the fuperintendent of it. 
The Characters are; / 
It hath an empalement ccmpofied of five final l oval leaves 
which are dry. I 'he .flower hath five petals^ whofe points 
are united to a plain ftarry neUarium ; the neliarium fits 
upon a cylindrical column which is ere II , and the length of 
the empalement ; it is bell-fhaped , having five depreffed 
lobes at the margin : it hath five fhort ftamina inferted in- 
to the border of the neclarium , terminated by roundifh 
fummits , which are joined to the border of the petals. It 
hath a roundiflo germen in the bottom of the neltarium y 
fupporting a cylindrical ftyle , crowned by a five-cornered 
obtufe ftigma. I'he capfuk hath five cells , inclofing five 
oblong feeds faftened to the cap fide. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth fe&ioii 
of Linnseus’s twentieth clafs, intitled Gynandria Pen- 
tandria, the flowers having five ftamina, which are 
faftened with the ftyle to the nedtarium. 
We at prefent know but one Species of this genus, 
viz. 
D’Ayenia ( Puftlla ) foliis cordatis glabris. Lin. Sp. 1354. 
II Ayenia with heart-fhaped fmooth leaves. 
The feeds of this plant were fent by the younger 
De Juftieu from Peru to Paris, where they fucceeded, 
and have fince been communicated to many other gar- 
dens in Europe. I received the feeds from Dr. Mo- 
nier, intendent of the garden of the Duke D’Ayen 
at St. Germains, which have for fdme years grown 
in the Chelfea garden, where the plants annually 
flower and perfe<ft their feeds. 
This plant hath a weak ligneous ftalk, which divides 
into feveral flender branches, rifling from nine inches 
to a foot high, garnifhed by heart-fhaped fmooth 
leaves, which are ftightly indented on their edges. 
Handing upon pretty long foot-ftalks ; they are of a 
lucid green, and end in acute points, placed alter- 
nately on the branches. At the bafe of each foot- 
ftalk, from the fide of the branches, come out the 
flowers, two, three, or four, arifing from the fame 
point, each Handing upon a feparate flender foot- 
ftalk ; they have five flender ftamina, collebted into a 
fort of column, like the malvaceous flowers, having 
a five-cornered germen at the bottom, which after- 
ward becomes a roundifh five-cornered capfule, hav- 
ing five cells, in each of thefe is lodged one kidney- 
fhaped feed. The flowers are tubulous, fpreading 
open at the top, where they are cut into five acute 
fegments, each being terminated by a flender tail ; 
they are purple, and continue in fucceftion on the 
fame plants from July to the winter. 
This plant is propagated by feeds, which fliould be 
fown upon a moderate hot-bed early in the fpring ; 
and when the plants are come up, and have four 
leaves, they fhould be tranfplanted on afrefh hot-bed 
to bring them forward ; part of them may be planted 
in fmall pots, and the others may be planted on the 
bed : thofe in the pots fliould be plunged into a hot- 
bed of tanners bark ; they muft be fhaded till they 
have taken new root, then they muft have free air 
admitted to them every day, in proportion to the 
warmth of the leafon ; they require to be frequently 
watered in warm weather, but they fhould not have 
it in too great plenty. The plants fhould continue 
all the fummer in the hot-bed, where they muft havd 
a good fliare of air ; for thofe which are fully expofed 
to the open air will not thrive, and if they are too 
much drawn, they do not flower well. The plants 
will live tkrough the winter in a moderate ftove 5 but 
as they psrfedl their feeds well the firft year, fewper- 
fons care to continue the old plants. There is a fi- 
gure of this plant exhibited in the 11 8th plate of our 
figures of plants., 
D A Y-L I L y. See FIemeroc, allis. 
4 X DECOR- 
