D O L 
Culture they require : the'fecond year they will flower 
and feed, after which the plants ufually decay •, when 
the feeds are fawn in the fpring, the plants never 
come up the fame year. 
DODECATHEON. See Me adia. 
DOG’s TOOTH. See Erythronium. 
DOG-WOOD. See CornusI 
DOLICHOS, Kidney Bean, 
The Characters are, 
The tmpalement is of one leaf \ Jhori , and cut into four 
equal fegments. The flower is of the butterfly kind , hav- 
ing a large round vexillum which is reflexed. The wings 
are oval , obtufe , and the length of the keel. The keel is 
moon-Jhaped , comprejj'ed , and the top afcends ; it hath 
nine ftamina joined below , and a Jingle- one J landing fepa- 
rate , terminated by 'Jingle fummits , with a linear com 
preflfed gertnen , fupporting an afcending flyle , crowned by 
a bearded fligma. The germen afterward becomes a large 
oblong pod with two valves , containing compreflfed ellipti- 
cal feeds. 
This genus is dflinguijhed from Phafeolus , by the keel of 
the flower not being flpiral. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third fe&ion of 
Linnaeus’s feventeenth dais, intitled Diadelphia De- 
candria, the flower having ten ftamina in two bodies. 
The Species are, 
1. Dolichos {JLablab ) volubilis, leguminibus ovato- 
acinaciformibus, feminibus ovatis hilo arcuato ver- 
fus alteram extremitatem. Prod. Leyd. 368. Doli- 
chos with a winding ftalk , oval bill-Jhaped pods , and 
oval feeds. Phafeolus iEgyptiacus nigro femine. 
C. B. P. 341. 
2. Dolichos ( Uncinatus ) volubilis, pedunculis multi- 
floris leguminibus cylindricis hirfutis apice unguiculo 
fubulato hamato, caule hirto. Lin. Sp. 1019. Doli- 
chos with a winding ftalk , many flowers on each foot-Jlalk , 
cylindrical hairy pods , whofle points are crooked and awl- 
floaped. 
3. Dolichos (Pruriens) volubilis, leguminibus racemo- 
fis hirtis, valvulis fubcarinatis, pedunculis ternis. Jacq. 
Amer. 27. Dolichos with a winding Jlalk, hairy pods 
growing in a racemus , almoft boat-Jhaped valves , and 
each foot-ftalk having three pods. 
4. Dolichos ( Urens ) volubilis, leguminibus racemofis 
hirtis tranfverfim lamellatis, feminibus hilo cinftis. 
Jacq. Amer. 27. Dolichos with a winding ftalk , hairy 
pods in a racemus , whofe hairs are Jituated in tranfverje 
lamella , commonly called Cow-itch. 
There are many other fpecies of this genus, as there 
are alfo of Phafeolus ; but as there are few of them 
cultivated in the Englifh gardens, it would fwell this 
work to a great bulk, if they were all inferted which 
have come to our knowledge, as the author has cul- 
tivated more than fixty fpecies, befide many varieties. 
The two firft forts here mentioned, are cultivated in 
warm countries for the table, but in England thefe 
feldom perfect their feeds ; and were they to thrive 
here as well as in the warm countries, they would be 
little efteemed, becaufe we have much better forts 
in our gardens already ; for the fcarlet flowering Kid- 
ney Bean is preferable to all the other forts for eating, 
fo deferves our care to cultivate it more than any 
other. 
The third and fourth forts are fometimes preferved 
in botanic gardens, but efpecially the fourth, whofe 
pods are clofely covered with flinging hairs, com- 
monly known by the title of Cow-itch ^ but thefe are 
too tender to thrive in the open air in this country, 
fo that whoever is defirous to have the plants, fhould 
fow their feeds in a hot-bed in March •, and when the 
plants are come up, they fhould be each planted in a 
feparate pot, and plunged into the hot-bed again, 
being careful to (hade them till they have taken 
root •, after which they mint have frefh air every day 
admitted to them, in proportion to the warmth of 
the feafon j and when the plants are too tall to re- 
main in the hot-bed, they fhould be removed into 
the bark-dove, where, if they are allowed room to 
run, they will flower and perfect their feeds. 
D O R I A. See Solidago and Otkqnna. 
' DOR 
DORONICUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 862. Tourn. 
Inft. R. H. 487. tab. 477. Leopard’s Bane. 
The Ch A'Racters are, 
It hath a flower compofed of \ fever a! hermaphrodite florets , 
which are Jituated in the center , and form the difk , and 
of female florets which compofe the rays thefe ' are in- 
cluded in one common emp dement , which hath a double 
feries of leaves as long as the rays. The hermaphrodite 
florets are funnel-Jhaped , and cut into five parts at the 
top \ thefe have five floor t hairy ftamina, terminated by 
cylindrical fummits. In the bottom is fituated the germen , 
fupporting a fender flyle, crowned by an indented fligma ; 
the germen afterward becomes a Jingle, oval, comprejj'ed 
feed, crowned with, hairy down. The female florets' are 
formed like a tongue, which are fpread out and compofe 
the border ; thefe have a germen, fupporting a flyle , 
crowned by two reflexed ftigmas, but have no ftamina ; 
the germen becomes a Jingle furrowed feed, covered with a 
hairy down. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fediion 
of Linnaeus’s nineteenth clafs, intitled Synoenefia 
Polygamia fuperflua. The plants of this fedion have 
female and hermaphrodite flowers, which are both 
fruitful. 
The Species are,* 
1. Doronicum ( Pardaltanches ) foliis cordatis obtufis, 
denticulatis radicalibus petiolatis, caulinis amplexi- 
caulibus. Lin. Mat. Med. 394. Leopards Bane with 
obtufe, heart-Jhaped, indented leaves , thofe from the root 
having foot-ftalks, and thefe above embracing the folks. 
Doronicum maximum, foliis caulem amplexianti- 
bus. C. B. P. 1 84. Greateft Leopard’s Bane with leaves 
embracing the ftalks. 
2. Doronicum {Plant agineum) foliis ovatis acutis, fub- 
dentatis, ramis alternis. Hort. Cliff. 41 1. Leopard’s 
Bane with oval-pointed leaves indented at bottom, and al- 
ternate branches. Doronicum plantaginis folio. C. B. P. 
184. Leopard’s Bane with a Plantain leaf. 
3. Doronicum ( Helveticum ) foliis lanceolatis, denticu- 
latis, fubtus tomentofis, caule unifloro. Prod. Leyd. 
1 60. Leopard’s Bane with fpear-Jhaped indented leaves , 
woolly on their under fide, and one flower on a ftalk. Do- 
ronicum Helveticum incanum. C. B. P. 185. Hoary 
Helvetian Leopard’s Bane. 
4. Doronicum {Belli diaftrum) caule nudo fimpliciffimo 
unifloro. Hort. Cliff. 500. Leopard’s Bane with a naked 
fingle ftalk having one flower. Beilis fylveflris media 
caule carens. C. B. P. 261. Middle wild Daify bavin? 
a tall ftalk. 
The firft fort grows naturally in Hungary, and upon 
the Helvetian mountains, but is frequently preferved 
in the Englifh gardens. It hath thick flefhy roots, 
which are divided into many knots or knees, fending 
out ftrong flefhy fibres, which penetrate deep into the 
ground ; and from thefejarife in the fpring a clufter 
of heart-fhaped leaves, which are hairy, and Hand 
upon foot-ftalks ; between thefe arife the flower-ftalfcs, 
which are channelled and hairy, growing near three 
feet high, putting out one or two fmaller ftalks from 
the fide, which grow ere£t,‘and are garnifhed with one 
or two heart-fhaped leaves, clofely embracing the 
ftalks with their bafe ; each ftalk is terminated by one 
large yellow flower, compofed of about twenty-four 
rays or female florets, which are about an inch long, 
plain, and indented in three parts at the top. In the 
center is fituated a great number of hermaphrodite 
florets, which compofe the difk j thefe are tubulous, 
and flightly cut at the top into five parts. The flowers 
appear in May, and are fucceeded by feeds which 
ripen in July •, thefe are crowned by a hairy down, 
which ferves to convey them to a diftance. 
This plant multiplies very fail by its fpreading roots, 
and if the feeds are permitted £0 fcatter, they will pro- 
duce plants wherever they happen to fall, fo that it 
becomes a weed where it is once eftablifhed ; it loves 
a moift foil and a fhady fituation. 
The fecond fort hath oval leaves, ending in acute 
points ; thefe are indented on their edges toward their 
bafe, but their upper parts’ are entire 1 the ftalks rife 
about two feet high $ each is terminated by -a large 
yellow 
