tnd expofe the feeds, which are of a beautiful red co- 
lour ; lo that when the branches are well ftored with 
them, the trees make a good appearance at that fea- 
fon, when growing among other forts. The wood 
of this tree is ufed by the rnufical inftrument-makers 
for toothing of organs and virginal keys ; the branches 
are cut into tooth-pickers, and for making of lkewers; 
and fpindles are made of the Wood, from whence the 
tree was titled Spindle-tree ; but in feme counties it 
is called Dogwood. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in Auftria and Hun- 
gary ; this was very feldom feen in England till of late 
years, fince I procured it from France, and from the 
feeds of thofe plants great numbers have been fince 
raifed, fo it is now pretty common in feveral of the 
nurferies near London •, this rifes with a ftronger Item 
than the firft, and grows to a larger fize. The leaves 
are oval and fpear-fhaped, about four inches long, and 
two inches broad in the middle, of a light green co- 
lour, and entire ; they are placed oppofite on the 
branches, with fhort foot-ftalks. The flowers come 
out from the fide of the branches, upon very (lender 
foot-ftalks, which are two inches and a half long ; 
thefe branch out into a loofe bunch, fo that the flowers 
ftand upon feparate foot-ftalks. The flowers have 
five petals, which at firft are white, but afterward 
change to a purple colour ; the empalement of the 
flower is divided into five parts. It hath five ftamina, 
and the fruit is frequently five-cornered •, the fruit is 
much larger than that of the common fort, and the 
foot-ftalks being weak, the fruit alv/ays hang down. 
Dr. Linnaeus has fuppofed thefe to be but one fpecies, 
and has taken the characters of this genus from the 
fecond fort, whofe fi r vers have five ftamina and five 
petals, and the fruit rive corners ; but all thofe of 
the common fort which I have examined have but? 
four, and thefe differences are permanent in thofe 
plants which rife from feeds ; for I have raifed many 
of both forts from feeds, but have never found either 
of them alter. 
The third fort grows naturally in Virginia, Carolina, 
and other parts of North America •, this rifes with a 
fhrubby ftalk to the heightof eight or ten feet, dividing 
into many branches, which come out oppofite from the 
joints of the Hem; thefe are garnifhed with fpear-fhaped 
leaves, which are two inches long, and about three 
quarters of an inch broad in the middle, ending in 
acute points ; they are placed oppofite, and continue 
green all the year. The flowers are produced at the 
end of the branches, and alfo from the fides, in I'm all 
chillers, which are fucceeded by round capfules, 
which are clofely armed by rough protuberances. 
This flowers in July, but feldom produces ripe fruit 
in England, 
As this is an evergreen Ihrub, fo it merits a place in 
every curious garden, and particularly in all planta- 
tions of evergreen trees and fhrubs •, there is a vari- 
ety of this with variegated leaves, which is preferved 
in the nurfery-gardens. 
The fourth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and fome 
■of the other illands in the Weft-Indies ; this rifes 
with an upright woody ftalk, to the height of ten or 
twelve feet ; at the top it divides into two or three 
fhort branches, which are garnifhed by winged leaves, 
compofed of fix or feven pair of fmall leaves (or lobes) 
about two inches long, and one inch broad ; thefe 
leaves come out without order, Handing upon loner 
foot-ftalks. The flowers come out in clutters from 
the fide of the branches, toward their end ; thefe are 
fucceeded by roundifh capfules, having a thick brown 
cover, which open in three cells, each containing a 
Tingle hard feed. 
The two firft forts may be propagated either by feeds, 
or layers; if by feeds, they lhould be fown in autumn, 
foon after they are ripe ; then the plants will come up 
the fpring following ; but if the feeds are not fown till 
fpring, the plants will not appear till the following 
fpring, whereby a whole year is loft. The feeds lhould 
be fown upon a fhady border, where they will fucceed 
better than when they are more expofed to the fun. 
it 
vVhen the plants come up, tney will require no oth efi 
care but to keep them clean from weeds till the fol- 
lowing autumn, when, as foon as their leaves decay, 
the plants lhould betaken up and tranfplanted into’ a 
nurfery, in rows two feet diilant, and the plants one 
ioot afunder in the rows ; in this place they may re- 
main two years, and then they may fie removed to 
the places where they are to remain. 
When thefe are propagated by layers, the young 
fhoots lhould be laid down in autumn ; and if the joint 
which is laid deepeft in the ground is flit, as is prac- 
ticed for Carnations, it will caufe them to put out roots 
much fooner than they otherwife would do ; thefe lay- 
ers will be fufficiently rooted in one year to bear tranf- 
planting, when they lhould be taken from the old 
plants, and treated in tile lame way as the feedlmgs. 
The cuttings of thefe forts, planted in a fnady border,' 
will take root, but they lhould be planted in autumn, 
as foon as their leaves begin to fall ; they lhould be 
the fhoots of the fame year, with a knot of the for- 
mer year at bottom. 
i he third fort, which grows naturally in North 
America, is fo hardy as rarely to fuffer by cold in 
England, provided it is not planted in places very 
mu.ch expofed. This may be propagated by laying 
down the young branches in the autumn, obferving 
to tongue them in the lame manner as is praftifed in 
laying of Carnations : thefe will have made good roots 
in one year, when they may be cut frorh the old 
plants, and planted in a nurfery for two years to 
get ftrength ; after which, they lhould be 'planted 
where they are defigned to remain. 
The fourth fort is a native of warmer countries, 
fo cr rsnot be preferved in England, unlefs it is placed 
p a -tore in winter : this is generally propagated by 
feeds, which mull be fown in pots, and plunged into 
a hot-bed ; and when the plants are fit to remove, 
they lhould be each planted in a feparate fmall pot, 
and plunged into the hot-bed again, being careful 
to fhade them until they have taken new root ; after 
which they mull be treated in the fame way as other 
tender plants of the fame countries. This fort may 
alfo be propagated by cuttings during any of the 
fummer months. 
EUPA rOROI PH ALACRON. See Verb esina. 
EUPATORIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 842. Tourn. 
Inll. R. H. 455 - tab. 259. [Evmztugiov, of king Eu- 
pator, who firft brought this plant into ufe.] Hemp 
Agrimony ; in French, Eupatoire. 
The Characters are, 
It hath a compound flower , compofed of feveral herma- 
phrodite florets , which are fnnnel-fhaped , cut into 
five parts at the brim , which fpread open ; thefe are in- 
cluded in one common fcaly empalement , whofe feales are 
narrow, ere It, and unequal, the florets have each five 
fhort hairy ftamina , terminated by cylindrical fummits. In 
the bottom is Jituated a fmall germen, fupporting a long 
fender fly le, which is bifid, crowned by a narrow ftigma. 
The germen afterward becomes an oblong feed, crowned 
with down , fitting in the empalement. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feelion of 
Linnaeus’s nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe 
plants with compound flowers, which have only her- 
maphrodite fruitful flowers. 
The Species are, 
1. Eupatorium ( Cannabinum ) foliis digitatis. Hort. 
Clift. 396. Eupatorium with fingered leaves. Eupa- 
torium cannabinum. C. B. P. 320. Common Hemp 
Agrimony. 
2. Eupatorium ( Maculaium ) foliis lanceolato-ovatis, 
ferratis, petiolatis, caule eredlo. Hort. Cliff. 396. 
Eupatorium with fpear-fhaped oval leaves which are 
fawed, having foot-ftalks, and an upright ftalk. Eupa- 
torium Novae Anglic, urticse foliis, floribus purpu- 
rafeentibus, maculato caule. H. L. New England 
Hemp Agrimony with Nettle leaves , purplijh flowers, and 
[potted ftalks. 
3. Eupatorium ( Purpureum ) foliis fubverticjllatis, lan- 
ceolatis ferratis petiolatis rugolis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 838. 
Eupatorium with leaves placed in whorls , which are 
