r 
E U P 
E U P 
trie plants in the bark-ftove, and in the fpririg removed 
to a gentle hot-bed, which will bring up the plants 
foon after. When thefe are fit to remove they fhould 
be planted in feparate Imall pots, and plunged into 
the hot-bed again, fhading them from the fun till they 
have taken new root •, then they fhould have a large 
ihare of free air admitted to them in warm weather, 
and frequently refrefhed with water. 
In the winter thefe plants fhould be more fparingly 
watered, efpecially thole forts whofe flalks decay, 
and in the fummer they fhould have a large fhare of 
free air admitted to them, with which management 
they will thrive and flower. 
EUPHORBIA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 536. Euphor- 
bium. Boer. Ind. alt. 1. 258. Tithymalus. Tourn. Infl. 
R. H. 85. tab. 18. The Burning Thorny Plant. 
This plant was named Euphorbia by King Juba, the 
father of Ptolemy, who governed both the Maurita- 
nias ; whole phyfician was named Euphorbus, and his 
brother Antonius Mufa is faid to have healed Au- 
guflus with this plant. 
The Characters are, 
The flower hath a -permanent empalement of one leaf, 
which is fwellmg , rough , and divided into five parts at 
the brim. ’The flower hath four or five thick truncated 
petals , and twelve or more fiamina which are infer ted in 
the receptacle they are longer than the petals , and are 
terminated by globular fummits. In the center is fituated 
a three-cornered germen , fupporting three bifid fiyles , 
crowned by obtufie ftigmas. The germen afterward becomes 
a roundijh capfule with three cells , each containing one 
roundtfh feed. 
This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion 
of Linnaeus’s eleventh clafs, which includes the plants 
whofe flowers have twelve fiamina and three fiyles. 
To this genus he has added the Tithymalus and Ti- 
thymaloides of Tournefort and others. The difference 
between the Euphorbium and Tithymalus, confifls 
more in their outward form, than in the characters 
of either flower or fruit, fo may be properly enough 
joined together; but the flower of Tithymaloides 
being very different in its form, fhould be feparated 
from them, therefore I fhall place them under the 
title of Tithymalus •, and as the number of Tithymali 
is very great, many of which are common weeds, 
I fhall feleft only the more rare or ufeful kinds to 
enumerate here. 
The Species are, 
1. Euphorbia ( Antiquorum ) aculeata triangularis fub- 
nuda articulata, ramis patentibus. Lin. Hort. Cliff. 
196. Euphorbia with triangular jointed flalks which are 
naked , and have J pines and fpreading branches. Euphor- 
bium verum antiquorum. Hort. Amfl. 1. p. 23. 
Prickly, triangular-pointed Euphorbia , with fpreading 
branches , commonly called the true Euphorbium of the 
ancients. 
2. Euphorbia ( Canarienfis ) aculeata nuda fubquadan- 
gularis, aculeis geminati,s. Hort. Cliff. 196. Euphor- 
bia with naked flalks , which have four angles and double 
fpines. Euphorbium tetragonum & pentagonum fpi- 
nofum Canarinum. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 258. Canary 
Euphorbium with four or five angles which have fpines. 
3. Euphorbia ( 'Trigonum ) aculeata nuda triangularis 
articulata, ramis erectis. Thorny-joinied triangular Eu- 
phorbia with upright naked branches. Euphorbium tri- 
gonum & tetragonum fpinofum, ramis compreflis. 
D’Ifnard. Aft. Par. 1720. Prickly Euphorbium having 
three and four angles with comprejfed branches. 
4. Euphorbia ( Ojficinarum ) aculeata nuda multangu- 
laris, aculeis geminatis. Lin. Hort. Cliff. 196. Thorny 
Euphorbia having many angles and fpines growing by 
pairs. Euphorbium cerei effigie caulibus craffioribus, 
fpinis validioribus armatum. Elort. Amfl. 1. p. 21. 
T orch-jhaped Euphorbium , with thick flalks armed with 
flrong fpines. 
5. Euphorbia ( Neriifolia ) aculeata feminuda, angulis 
oblique tuberculatis. Lin. Hort. Cliff. 19 6. Thorny 
half-naked Euphorbia with oblique tubercular angles , com- 
monly called the Oleander -leaved. Euphorbium. Euphor- 
bium arigulofum, folds nerii laborious. Boerh. Ind. 
alt. i, 258. Angular Euphorbium, with broad Oleander 
leaves. 
6 . Euphorbia ( Heptagona ) aculeata nuda, feptem-an- 
gu laris, fpinis folitariis fubulatis floriferis. Lin. Hort. 
Cliff- 196. Naked fept angular thorny Euphorbia , with 
fugle. awl-Jhaped fpines, producing flowers at their ex- 
tremities. Euphorbium heptagonum, fpinis lonffif- 
fimis in apice fruftiferis. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 258. Eu- 
phorbium with feven angles and very long fpines, bearing 
fruit at their tops. ° & 
7. Euphorbia. ( Caput Meduf^e) inermis tubercolis im~ 
bricatis, foliolo lineari inflruftis. Lin. Hort. Cliff, 
197. Euphorbia without thorns, clo fely covered with tu- 
bercles lying over each other like tiles, and narrow leaves , 
commonly called Meduja’s Head. Euphorbium Afrum’ 
caule craffo fquamofo, ramis in capitis Medufe fpe- 
ciem cmfto. Boerh. Ind. alt. 238. African Euphorbium 
wit® a thick fcaly falk, amd branches difpofed hks Me- 
dujas head. 
8. Euphorbia ( ' Mamillaris ) aculeata nuda, angulis tu- 
berofis, fpinis interflinftis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 451. Naked 
prickly Euphorbia, with tuberous angles having fpines 
growing between them. Euphorbium polygonum acu- 
leis longioribus ex tuberculorum internodiis pro- 
deuntibus. D Ifnard. Aft. Par. 1720. Euphorbium with 
many angles , and long fpines growing out from between 
the knots. 
9. Euphorbia ( Cereiformis ) aculeata nuda, multangu- 
laris, fpinis folitariis fubulatis. Prod. Leyd. 195. 
Naked thorny Euphorbia with many angles, and fngle 
awl-Jhaped fpines. Euphorbium cerei effigie, caulibus 
gracihoribus. Boerh. Ind, alt, 1. 258. Euphorbium 
with the appearance of T orch Thifile , and a fender falk. 
10. Euphorbia ( Fruhius Pint ) inermis imbricata tuber- 
culis foliolo lineari inflruftis. Hort. Cliff. 197. Im- 
bricated Euphorbia without fpines, having tubercles fur- 
nifloed with very narrow leaves. Euphorbium Afrum, 
facie fruftus pini. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. 258. African 
Euphorbium with the appearance of Pine fruit, commonly 
called Little Medufas Head. 
11. Euphorbia ( Patula ) inermis, ramis patulis fimpli- 
cibus teretibus, foliolis linearibus inflruftis. Euphor- 
bia without fpines , having fngle fpreading branches which 
are taper, terminated with very narrow leaves. 
12. Euphorbia ( Procumbens ) inermis ramis teretibus 
procumbentibus tuberculis quadragonis. Euphorbia 
without fpines, having trailing branches with quadrangu- 
lar tubercles. 
13. Euphorbia ( Inermis ) inermis, ramis plurimis pro- 
cumbentibus, fquamofis, foliolis deciduis. Euphorbia 
without fpines, having many trailing branches which are 
fcaly, and deciduous leaves. 
14. Euphorbia ( Tiruaculii ) inermis fruticofa fubnuda fi- 
liformis erefta, ramis patulis determinate confertis. 
Lin. Hort. Cliff. 197- Shrubby ere hi Euphorbia without 
fpines, and fender fpreading branches terminating in 
clufiers, commonly called Indian-tree Spurge. Tithymalus 
Indicus frutefeens. Hort. Amfl. 1. p. 27. Indian 
fhrubby Spurge. 
1 5. Euphorbia ( Viminalis ) inermis fruticofa nuda fili- 
formis volubilis, cicatricibus oppofitis. Hort. Cliff. 
197. Shrubby naked Euphorbia without fpines, and fender 
tunning branches, commonly called Indian Climbing Spurge. 
Tithymalus Indicus vimineus penitus aphyllos. Indian 
Spurge with fender branches , entirely without leaves. 
16. Euphorbia ( Mauritanica ) inermis fruticofa feminu- 
da filiformis flaccida, foliis alternis. Lin. Hort. Cliff. 
197. Naked flrrubby Euphorbia without fpines, taper 
flaccid branches, and leaves placed alternately. Tithy- 
malus aphyllus Mauritania. Hort. Elth. 384. Mauri- 
tanian Spurge without leaves. 
17. Euphorbia ( Cotinijolia ) foliis oppofitis fubcordatis 
petiolatis emarginatis integerrimis, caule fruticofo. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 453. Euphorbia with heart -Jkqped leaves 
placed oppofite upon foot -flalks, which are indented at the 
top, entire, and a flmibby falk. Tithymalus arboreus 
Americanus cotini folio. Hort. Amfl. 1. p. 29. Tree 
American Spurge with a Venice Sumach leaf. 
18. Euphorbia ( Lathyris ) umbella quadrifida, dicho- 
tomy foliis oppofitis integerrimis, Lin. Sp. Plant. 
4 5 . 
