E U P 
457. Euphorbia with a quadrifid umbel , a forked jlalk , 
and entire leaves placed oppofite. Tithymalus latifolius 
Cataputia dictus. H. L. Broad-leaved Spurge , called 
Cataputia. 
19. Euphorbia ( Myrjinites ) umbella fuboctifida, bifida, 
involucellis fubovatis, foliis fpathulatio patentibus 
carnofis mucronatis margine fcabris. Lin. Sp. Plant. 
461. Euphorbia with an umbel divided into eight points , 
whofe j mall involucrums are oval , and fpreading flefhy- 
pointed leaves / hoped like a fpatula , having rough borders. 
Tithymalus myrfinites latifolius. C. B. P. 296. Broad- 
leaved Myrtle Spurge. 
20. Euphorbia ( Dendroides ) umbella multifida, dicho- 
tomy invofucellis fubcordatis, primariis tripnyllis, 
caule arbor eo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 462. Euphorbia with a 
multifid forked umbel , heart-Jhaped fmall involucrums, the 
firft three-leaved,, and a tree-like Jlalk. Tithymalus 
myrtifolius arboreus. C. B. P. 290. Myrtle-leaved 
Tree Spurge. 
21. Euphorbia (Amygdaloides) umbella multifida, dicho- 
tomy involucellis perfoliatis emarginatis, orbicularis 
foliis obtufis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 662. Euphorbia with a 
multifid umbel divided by pairs, orbicular perfoliate invo- 
lucrums, and obtufe leaves. Tithymalus characias amyg- 
daloides. C. B. P. 290. Wood Spurge. 
22. Euphorbia ( Palujtris ) umbella multifida, fubtrifi- 
da, bifida, involucellis ovatis, foliis lanceolatis, ra- 
mis fterilibus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 462. Euphorbia with a 
multifid umbel, which is flub trifid and bifid, the fmall in- 
volucrums oval, fpear-Jhaped leaves , and Jteril branches. 
Tithymalus paluftris fruticofus. C. B. P. 292. Shrubby 
Marjh Spurge. 
23. Euphorbia ( ' Orient alis ) umbella quinquefida, qua- 
drifida, dichotomy involucellis fubrotundis acutis, 
foliis lanceolatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 460. Euphorbia with 
a quinquefid and quadrifid forked umbel , a pointed roundifh 
involucrum, and fpear-Jhaped leaves. Tithymalus Orien- 
tals, falicis folio, caule purpureo, flore magno. 
Tourn. Cor. 2. Eajlern Spurge with a Willow leaf, a 
purple jlalk , and large flower. 
24. Euphorbia ( Characias ) umbella quinquefida, trifi- 
da dichotomy involucellis ovatis, foliis lanceolatis, 
capfulis lanatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 460. Euphorbia with 
a quinquefid trifid umbel, dividing by pairs, an oval in- 
volucrum, fpear-Jhaped leaves and woolly capfules. Ti- 
thymalus arboreus, caule corallino, folio Hyperici, 
pericarpio barbato. Boerh. Ind. alt. 1. p. 236. Tree 
Spurge with a red Jlalk, a St. John’s Wort leaf, and 
bearded capfule. 
25. Euphorbia ( Hiberna ) umbella fextifida, dichotoma, 
involucellis ovalibus, foliis integerrimis, ramis nullis 
capfulis verrucofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 462. Euphorbia 
with a fix-pointed forked umbel, oval involucrums, entire 
leaves, no branches, and wasted capfules. Tithymalus 
Hibernicus Machingboy didtus. Mer. Pin. Irijh Spurge, 
called Machingboy. 
2 6. Euphorbia ( Apios ) umbella quinquefida, bifida, 
involucellis obcordatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 457. Euphor- 
bia with a quinquefid bifid umbel, and heart-Jhaped in- 
volucrums. Tithymalus tuberosa pyriformi radice. 
C. B. P. 292. Spurge with a tuberous Pear-Jhaped root. 
27. Euphorbia ( Aleppica ) umbella quinquefida, di- 
chotomy involucellis ovato-lanceolatis mucronatis, 
foliis inferioribus fetaceis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 458. Eu- 
phorbia with a quinquefid forked umbel, oval fpear-Jhaped 
involucrums which are pointed, and the lower leaves 
briftly. Tithymalus Cyparifilus. Alp. Exot. 65. Cy- 
prefs Spurge. 
28. Euphorbia ( Cretica ) umbella multifida, bifida, in- 
volucellis orbicularis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis villofis. 
Euphorbia with a multifid bifid umbel, orbicular involu- 
crums, and narrow, fpear-Jhaped , hairy leaves. Tithy- 
malus Creticus characias, anguftifolius, villofus & 
incanus. Tourn. Cor. 1. Cretan Wood Spurge , with 
narrow , hairy , and hoary leaves. 
29. Euphorbia ( Sylvatica ) umbella multifida, dichoto- 
my involucellis perfoliatis, fubcordatis, foliis lan- 
ceolatis integerrimis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 463. Euphorbia 
with a multifid forked umbel, heart-Jhaped perfoliate invo- 
lucrums, and entire fpear-Jhaped leaves. Tithymalus 
E U P 
fylvaticus lunato flore. C. B. P. 290. Wood-Spurge with 
a moon-Jhaped flower. 
30. Euphorbia ( Heterophylla ) inermis foliis ferratis pe- 
tiolatis difformibus ovatis lanceolatis panduriformibus. 
Lin. Sp. Plant. 453. Euphorbia without [pines, having 
flawed leaves with foot-ftalks which are deformed, oval, 
fpear-Jhaped, and like a fiddle. Tithymalus Curaffavicus, 
lalicis & atriplicis foliis variis, caulibus viridantibus. 
Pluk. Aim. 396. Spurge from Curajfao , with variable 
leaves like Willow and Orach, and a green Jlalk. 
31. Euphorbia ( Hypericifolia ) dichotomy foliis ferratis 
ovali-oblongis glabris, corymbis terminalibus, ramis 
divaricatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 454. Forked Euphorbia 
with oblong, oval, finooth , fawed leaves, and divaricated 
branches terminated by umbels. Tithymalus eredtus 
acris, parietarise foliis glabris, floribus ad caulim no- 
dos conglomeratis. Sloan. Cat. Jam. 82. Upright acrid 
Spurge, with fmootb Pellitory leaves, and flowers growing 
in clufters from the joints of the jlalk. 
32. Euphorbia ( Ocymoides ) inermis, herbacea, rarnofa, 
foliis, fubcordatis integerrimis petiolatis floribus fo- 
litariis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 453. Branching herbaceous Eu- 
phorbia without fpines, having entire heart-Jhaped leaves 
with foot-ftalks, and fingle flowers. Tithymalus Arne- 
ricanus, eredtus, annuus, ramofiffimus ocymi caryo- 
phyllati foliis. Houft. MSS. Upright, annual , branching 
Spurge of America , with leaves like fmall Bafil. 
The firft fort has been generally taken for the true 
Euphorbium of the ancients, and as fuch hath been 
diredted for medicinal ufe ; but it is from the fecond 
fort, that the drug now imported under that title in 
England is taken. Dr. Linnmus fuppofes the fourth 
to be the fort which fhould be ufed, though as they 
are all nearly of the fame quality, it may be in- 
different which of them that drug is taken from, 
which is the infpiflated juice of the plant. 
The firft fort hath a triangular, comprefted, fuccuient 
ftalk, which is jointed, and rifes to the height of 
eight or ten feet, fending out many irregular twifting 
branches, which are for the moft part three-cornered, 
but have fometimes only two, and at others four an- 
gles ; they are comprefted, lucculent, and fpread out 
on every fide the ftalk; thefe have at the extremity 
of the branches a few fhort roundifh leaves, which 
foon fall off ; and near thefe come out now and then 
a few flowers, which have five thick whirifh petals, 
with a large three-cornered germen in the center ; 
thefe foon drop off without having any feeds. It grows 
naturally in India, from whence the plants were 
brought to the gardens in Holland, and have fince 
been communicated to moft of the curious gardens in 
Europe. 
The fecond fort grows naturally in the Canary Illands, 
from whence I have been credibly informed, the Eu- 
phorbium which is imported in England, is now 
brought, and is the infpiflated juice of this plant. In 
its native country this grows to the height of twenty 
feet or more, but in England it is rarely feen more 
than fix or feven ; nor is it of any advantage to have 
them fo tall here, becaufe they fend out many branches 
which are large and fuccuient, fo render the plants 
too heavy to be eafily removed. This hath a very 
thick, green, fuccuient ftalk, which has four or five 
large angles or corners, clofely armed with black 
crooked fpines, which come out by pairs at every in- 
denture : the ftalks fend out from every fide large 
fuccuient branches of the fame form, which extend to 
the diftance of two or three feet, then turn their ends 
upwards, fo that when the plants are well grown, 
they have forae refemblance to a branched chandelier • 
thefe have no leaves, but are clofely armed with black 
fpines like the ftalks ; at the end of the branches 
come out the flowers, which are fhaped like thofe of 
the firft fort. 
The third fort hath a naked three-cornered ftalk 
which is comprefted, fending out a great number of 
branches which grow erect, and join up to the main 
ftalk ; thefe are generally three-cornered, but forne 
vary to four •, they are jointed and armed with fhorc 
crooked fpines, but have no leaves, nor do the 
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