EUP 
well together, and Frequently turned over before it 
it vifed, that the parts may be incorporated, and the 
compoft fweetened by being expofed to the air. If 
this mixture is prepared a year before it is wanted, it 
will be the better, that it may have the benefit of the 
winter’s froft and the fummer’s heat to mellow it ; and 
the oftener it is turned over, and the fmaller the 
heaps are in which it is laid, the air will penetrate it 
better, and render it more fit for ufe. 
Thefe forts are eafily propagated by cuttings, which 
Ihould be taken frorfi the old plants in June; thefe 
muft be cut at a joint, otherwife they will rot. When 
thefe cuttings are taken off, the milky juice of the 
old plants will flow out in plenty ; therefore there 
Ihould be fome dry earth or fand applied upon the 
wounded part, which 'Will harden and flop the fap ; 
and the wounded part of the cuttings fhould alio be 
rubbed in fand, or dry earth, for the fame purpofe ; 
then the cuttings Ihould be laid in a dry part of the 
Hove, for ten days or a fortnight ; and fome of thofe 
whofe branches are large and very fucculent, may lie 
three weeks or more before they are planted, that 
their wounds may be healed and hardened, otherwife 
they will rot. When the cuttings are planted, they 
fhould be each put into a fmall halfpenny pot, laying 
ftones or rubbifh in the bottom, and filling the pots 
with the mixture before directed ; then plunge the 
pots into a moderate hot-bed, and if the weather is 
very hot, the glaffes of the hot-bed fhould be fhaded 
in the middle of the day, and the cuttings fhould be 
gently watered once or twice a week, according as the 
earth may dry : in about fix weeks or two months the 
cuttings will have put out roots, fo if the bed is not very 
warm, the plants may continue there, provided they 
have free air admitted to them every day, otherwife 
it will be better to remove them into the Hove, where 
they may be hardened before the winter ; for if they 
are too much drawn in fummer, they are very apt to 
decay in winter, unlefs they are very carefully ma- 
naged. During the fummer feafon, thefe plants fhould 
be gently watered two or three times a week, ac- 
cording to the warmth of the feafon ; but in winter 
they mull not be watered oftener than once a week, 
and it fhould be given more fparingly at that feafon, 
efpecially if the flove is not warm : the firft fort will 
require more warmth in the winter than any of the 
other, as alfo lefs water at that feafon. This, if well 
managed, will grow feven or eight feet high ; but the 
plants mull conflantly remain in the flove, giving 
them a large fhare of air in warm weather, and in 
winter the flove Ihould be kept in a temperate degree 
of warmth. 
The fixth fort is at prefent the mofl rare in England : 
the plants of this fort, which have been procured 
from Holland, have been mofl of them deflroyed by 
placing them in floves, where, by the heat, they have 
in one day turned black, and rotted immediately 
after. This fort will thrive well if placed in a dry 
airy glafs-cafe with Ficoides, and other fucculent 
plants in the winter, where they may have free air 
in mild weather, and be prote&ed from froft; in 
fummer the plants of this fort may be expofed in the 
open air, in a warm fituation, but fhould be fcreened 
from much wet : with this treatment, the plants will 
thrive much better than when they are more tenderly 
nurfed. 
The feventh, eighth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and 
thirteenth forts, are alfo pretty hardy, fo will live in 
a good glafs-cafe in winter without fire, provided the 
froft is kept entirely out, and in fummer they may 
be placed abroad in a warm fituation : as thefe are 
very fucculent plants, they fhould not have too much 
wet; therefore, if the fummer fhould prove very 
moift, it will be very proper to place thefe plants 
under fome fhelter, where they may enjoy the free air, 
and be fcreened from the rain, otherwife by receiv- 
ing too much wet in fummer they will rot in winter. 
The feventh fort will require to be fupported, other- 
wife the weight of the branches will draw them upon 
the pots j and, by training of the Hems up to flakes, I 
» - * , .r* 
EUP 
they will grow four or five feet high, and a great 
number of fide branches will be produced ; thefe, 
being very fucculent and heavy, are very apt to draw 
down the ftem if it hath not fupport. 
The following forts have been, by all the writers on 
botany, placed under the title of Titiiymalus • but 
the fourteenth and fifteenth forts fhould, according 
to their own diftinftion, have beeri placed in the 
genus of Euphorbium, becaufe they are as deftitute 
of leaves as mofl of the fpecies which they have there 
placed. ... 
The fourteenth fort rifes with a taper fucculent ftalk 
to the height of eighteen or twenty feet, fending out 
many branches of the fame form, which fubdivide 
into many fmaller ; thefe are jointed but at a great dis- 
tance : they are fmooth, and of a deep green colour, 
having a few fmall leaves at their extremities, which 
foonTall off. As the plants grow older, their ftalks 
become flronger and lefs fucculent, efpecially toward 
the bottom, where they turn to a brown colour, and 
become a little woody. The branches grow diffufed 
and intermix with each other, fo form a fort of bufh 
toward the top, but this doth not produce flowers 
here. 
The fifteenth fort fends out a great number of (lender 
taper ftalks of a dark green colour, which are 
fmooth, and twift about each other, or any neigh- 
bouring fupport, whereby they will rife to the height 
of ten or twelve feet, putting out fmaller branches 
upward, which alfo twine and intermix with the other 
ftalks ; they are naked, having no leaves, nor do the 
plants flower in England. Thefe grow in India. 
The fixteenth fort fends out many taper fucculent 
ftalks from the root, which rife about four feet high *, 
they are (lender and weak, fo require fupport to pre- 
vent their falling to the ground ; thefe have a light 
green bark, and their lower parts are naked, but their 
upper parts are garnifhed with oblong leaves, which 
are fmooth, entire, and placed alternate on every fide 
the ftalks : the flowers are produced in fmall clufters 
at the end of the branches, they are of a yellowifh 
green colour, and are fometimes fucceeded by fmooth 
round fruit, but the feeds rarely ripen in England. 
This fort grows naturally on the African fhore in the 
Mediterranean. 
The feventeenth fort grows naturally in fome of the 
i (lands of the Weft-Indies; and alfo upon the con- 
tinent there. I received fpecimens of this fort from 
the ifland of Tobago, and alfo from Carthagena, 
where the plants were growing in plenty ; the Dutch 
gardens were furnifhed with it from Curaffao, where 
it alfo grows naturally. This hath an upright ftalk, 
which rifes to the height of fix or feven feet, covered 
with a light brown bark, and divides upward into 
many branches; thefe are garnifhed with roundifli 
leaves, which are indented at their ends, and have 
foot-ftalks : they are fmooth and of a beautiful green, 
but fall away in winter, fo that in the fpring they are 
altlioft naked ; the flowers come out from the end of 
the branches, they are yellow and fmall, foon falling 
away without having any fruit fucceed them here. 
Thefe forts are propagated by cuttings, in the fame 
manner as the Euphorbiums, and the plants muft be 
treated in the fame way, as hath been dire&ed for 
them. 
The fourteenth, fifteenth, and feventeenth forts, are 
tender, fo require a flove ; thefe muft have the fame 
treatment as the tender kinds of Euphorbiums, but 
the fixteenth fort will live in a common green-houfe 
in winter, and may be expofed abroad in the fummer. 
The eighteenth fort (lands in the lift of medicinal 
plants, but is rarely ufed in England at prefent ; this 
is a biennial plant, which perifhes after the feeds are 
ripe. It grows naturally in Italy and the fouth of 
France, and where it is allowed to fcatter its feeds 
in a garden, becomes a weed here. This rifes with 
an upright fucculent ftalk from three to four feet 
high, garnifhed with oblong fmooth leaves which are 
placed cppofite, and fit clofe to the ftalks ; the upper 
parrof the ftalk divides by pairs into fmaller forked 
5 L branches. 
