47 
temperature was lower and more variable from the 27th to the 
30th, as may be seen by the returns of the changes indicated 
by the thermometer at the time. 
Observed Temperature ( Fahrenheit ) at Milan from the 
21th to the ZOth of Jamiary^ 1858. 
HATE. 
1858. 
Temperature 
in the Sun at 
12 o'clock. 
Temperature 
in the Shade. 
Temperature 
rtf 10 p.m. 
Temperature 
in Itooma of 
the Hotel de 
la Ville, rtf 10. 
Temperature 
atSun rise. 
RE3IAMKS. 
Jan. 28 
44°4 
29°5 
19°3 
3 4° 3 
23°4 
At the commence- 
ment of the month 
,, 29 
45°3 
27°4 
20°4 
83°2 
22°0 
the Thermometer 
„ 30 
48°2 
30°0 
23°2 
32°2 
24°0 
was as low as 13°, 
but only for a short 
time. 
In travelling from Venice to Milan, there was an evident 
change of temperature, the cold becoming more intense as we 
approached the Alps; and on arriving at the latter city I found 
the thermometer, on the evening of the 26th, at 19°3 Fahren- 
heit. During the following days it varied, at the same hour, 
from 19°3 to 23°2. 
In crossing the Apennines from Florence to Bologna, we 
found the tops of the mountains and the whole of the plains 
covered with snow to a considerable depth, and the tempera- 
ture of the air several degrees low^er, than we had left it on the 
sunny side of the hills at Florence. This can only be accounted 
for by the proximity of the flats of Lombardy to the high 
ranges of snow-clad mountains on either side, and probably 
by the want of the South-Westerly breezes of the Gulf 
stream, which sweep over this country and moderate so favour- 
ably the temperature of the higher latitudes of our own islands. 
Milan, like most other towns in the North of Italy, has 
suffered more from the intensity of the frost this season, than 
in any year since 1830, when for a single day the temperature 
was one degree of Reaumur lower than in any part of the 
present year. In 1760, nearly a hundred years ago, the ther- 
mometer was as low as — 15° ; in 1830, it was — 13°5 ; in 1855, 
it stood for a short time at — 13°; and the lowest of this year, 
January 13th, was — 12°5. These temperatures are on Reau- 
