12 L'chin. 
V. Echinoderma. 
[ 1917 ] 
5. Larval stages. 
Child, 19, 20 ; Goldfarb, 60 ; Heath, 
69 ; Medes, 109 ; Mortensen, 111. 
7. Post- larval growth- stages. 
Doderlein, 41 ; Matsumoto, 107 ; 
Verrill, 138. 
8. Experimental Embryology. 
Chambers, 16 ; Child, 20 ; Conklin, 
32 ; Goldfarb, 58 to 61 ; Herlant, 70, 
71 ; Lillie, 98 to 100 ; Loeb, 101 ; 
Moore, 110 ; Packard, 118 ; Painter, 
119, 120 ; Woodward & Hague, 141. 
ETHOLOGY. 1019 
2. Special habits. 
Mortensen, 111 ; Seale, 126. 
3. Habitat. 
Clark, 29. 
4. Feeding. 
. Clark, 29 ; Mayer, 103. 
5. Defence and Protection. 
Mortensen, 113. 
6. Locomotion. 
Clark, 29 ; Crozier, 33. 
7. Autotomy and Regeneration. 
Nusbaum-Hilarowicz & Oxner, 116 ; 
Schultz, 124, 125. 
8. Parasites and Commensals. 
Plate, 121. 
15. Echinoderms as Food. 
Hornell, 77 ; Seale, 126. 
VARIATION AND ETIOLOGY. 
1023 
1. Variation in form. 
Clark, 29 ; Medes, 109 ; Spencer, 
127 ; Zirpolo, 142. 
2. Variation in colour. 
Clark, 29. 
5. Variation, teratological. 
Verrill, 138. 
8. Evolution. 
Boas, 11. 
9. Relations to other Phyla. 
Boas, 11. 
10. Phylogeny. 
Matsumoto, 107. 
DISTRIBUTION. 1027 
A. Geographical. 
i. General. 
Doderlein, 41 ; Lambert & ThiSry, 95. 
11. Atlantic Ocean, etc. 
Bell, 10 ; Clark, 22, 24, 25 ; Crozier, 
33, 35, 38 ; Doderlein, 41 ; Fisher, 48 ; 
Goldfarb, 61; Hilton, 73, 74, 76; 
Jaekel, 84 ; Kindle, 88 ; Lebour, 96 ; 
Maluquer, 105 ; Mortensen, 111 ; Nord- 
gaard, 115 ; Ostenfeld, 117 ; Stafford, 
128, 129 ; Verrill, 138. 
iii. Indian Ocean, etc. 
Doderlein, 41 ; Fisher, 48, 49, 51, 52 ; 
Hornell, 77 ; Koehler, 89 ; Plate, 121. 
iv. Pacific Ocean, etc. 
Bell, 10 ; Clark, 21, 23, 26, 27, 28, 
30 ; Doderlein, 41 ; Fisher, 47, 49, 
52 ; Heath, 69 ; Matsumoto, 107 ; 
Mortensen, 113 ; Townsend, 135. 
v. Arctic Ocean, etc. 
Grieg, 62. 
vi. Antarctic Ocean, etc. 
Bell, 10 ; Mortensen, 112. 
B. Geological. 
1. General. 
Brown, 12 ; Lambert & Thiery, 95. 
ii. Cainozoic. 
a. General. 
Gigoux, 56 ; Hudson, 80 ; Kew, 86 ; 
Lambert, 91. 
b. Pleistocene. 
Fourtau, 81. 
c. Pliocene. 
Bell, 8, 9 ; Fourtau, 81. 
d. Miocene. 
Dickerson & Kew, 39, 40 ; Fourtau, 
81 ; Jackson, 83 ; Lovisato, 102 ; 
Stefanini, 131. 
e. Oligocene. 
Dickerson & Kew, 39 ; Jackson, 83 ; 
Stefanini, 130. 
