1831 .] 
On the Cooling of Wines with Ice. 
121 
Postscript. 
Since writing the above, I have tried the arrangement with the sand, and though 
it is, upon the whole, convenient, yet as it wastes some of the cold, a better may, I 
think, be devised. To ascertainliow much of the effect of the ice was wasted, I made the 
following trial : — I put 2 bottles of Avater into 2 tin vessels, one of which fitted tigtot 
to the lower part of the bottle, the other had a space all round, of about half an 
inch in breadth ; this latter was filled Avith sand up to the small part of the neck o^ 
the bottle, and on the top of the sand Avas placed a quarter of a seer (§lb.) of ice, 
with two chatacks (4 oz.) of salt. The same proportions of -ice and salt were 
packed round the neck of the other bottle, Avhich Avas enclosed in the tight fitting 
case, in which Avas no sand ; the water in both bottles Avas at 80°, In half an hour 
all the ice had melted ; the bottle in sand Avas of the temperature 62°, that without 
sand was 55°, so that 7° of heat Avas derived from the sand. Such a conclusion 
might indeed have been predicted ; as in the one case the ice derives the heat necessary 
to melt it from a larger mass of heated matter than in the other. I am of opinion, 
then, that a more eligible plan is, to have a separate tin case made for each bottle, 
to fit the larger part of it as nearly as possible. The ice being then packed about the 
neck of the bottle, is confined by the tin case, which should reach within an inch or 
so of the cork ; being of the same diameter throughout. These separate cases should 
be all placed in a large tub or bucket, in close contact one with another, but not 
touching the sides of the tub. A cloth being then thrown over the Avhole, they 
may be left for half an hour, at the end of which time they Avill be found cooled 
down to 25°. 
Or the following arrangement, which, liOAvever, I have never tried, might be prefer- 
able even to the above. Let a circular tin plate be made, fitting the interior of the 
bucket a little loosely, and supported at a certain height above the bottom, by several 
strips of tin, bent so as to lay hold of the edge of the bucket. Let a certain number 
of holes, of a sufficient diameter, to allow a bottle to pass through them, be cut in 
this tin plate. These holes must not be too large, or the ice will slip down be- 
tween the bottle and the edge of the tin. There should also be sufficient space 
left between the openings to place the ice upon. The ice being disposed now 
mund the neck of each bottle, Avill be gradually melted by the heat abstracted 
fiom the bottle, and the ivater Avill trickle doAvn the sides of the bottles. It will per- 
haps occur to the reader, hoivever, that in this arrangement, although the melting 
of the ice produces its full effect in lowering the temperature, yet that as even after 
eing converted into Avater, it is still sufficiently cold to absorb much heat ; the 
arrangement which confines it round the bottle must be the preferable. But 'it is 
to be considered, that the Avater must trickle very slowly down the sides of the 
ott e so that by the time it reaches the bottom of the bucket it is most probably 
|e emperature of the bottle ; and secondly, that the tin A-essel enclosing the bottle 
»ust gl v e out good deal of heat, the which is all got rid of in the arrangement 
escribed. So that I think there are good theoretical grounds for preferring this 
, ut not ha\ ing tried it, as I haA r e the other, I cannot pronounce positively. 
ie ‘ l bo\e noticed, I had occasion also to observe how very sloAvly heat was 
, SOr a ° a * n b Y the cooled bottles of Avater. Being examined after a period of two 
ours, one was found to be of the temperature 65°, the other 60° ; so that each had 
ost onl y the full effect in that time. 
