1831.] Good's improved Apparatus for boring the Earth. 
3(i5 
V. — Oood's improved Apparatus for boring the Earth , 
We have been requested by a correspondent, to give insertion to the following 
extract from the London Journal of Arts and Sciences, vol. VIII. p. 2 17, des.iibing 
several tools, contrived by Mr. John Good of Tottenham, for assisting the opera- 
tion of boring the earth : the tool marked 19, was found very useful in extract- 
ing the broken rod in the experiment in Fort William a few weeks since. 
Plate XXII. exhibits the newly invented implements; tig. 1 is an auger, to be 
connected by the screw-head to the length of rods by which the boring is carried 
on. This auger is for boring in soft clay or sand ; it is cylindrical, and has a slit 
or opening from end to end, and a bit or cutting-piece at bottom. When the earth 
is loose or wet, an auger of the same form is to be employed, but u ith the slit or 
opening reduced in width, or even without slit or opening. A simil.it niigei iS 
used for cutting through chalk, but the point or bit at bottom should H vu j i ■ t 
lower, and for that purpose some of these cylindrical augers are made with move- 
able bits, to be attached by screws, which is extremely desirable in grinding Hu m 
to cutting edges. Fig. 5 is a hollow conical auger for boring loose sandy soil's ; it 
has a spiral cutting edge coiled round it, which, as it turns, causes tin Ioom soil to 
ascend up the inclined plane and deposit itself in the hollow within. Fig. 6 is a 
hollow cylinder or tube, shewn in section, with a foot valve, and a bucket to he 
raised by a rod and cord attached at top ; this is a pumping tool for the purpose of 
getting up water and sand that would not rise hy the auger. A\ hen this c\lin<Ur 
is lowered to the bottom of the bore, the bucket is lifted up by the rod and con , 
and descends again by its own gravity, having a valve in the bucket opt n >ng up 
wards like other lift-pumps, which at every stroke raises a quantity ot water an 
sand in the cylinder equal to the stroke, the ascent and descent of t l 
being limited by a guide-piece at the top of the cylinder, and two small nobs upon 
the rod, which stop against the cross-guide. Fig. 7 is a tool for getting up >m . n 
rods : it consists of a small cylindrical piece at bottom, whic t ie rt ' • 
through when it is lower, and a small catch with a knife-ec gc, ac et l • 
back-spring. In rising, the tool takes hold of the broken rod, and thereby c . 
the workmen at top to draw it up. Another tool for the same purpose is hewnat 
fig. 8, which is like a pair of tongues ; it is intended to be sl.dden ‘loun the bore, 
and for the broken rod to pass between the two catches, w nc i P re 
springs, will, when drawn up, take fast hold of the broken rod. 
Fig. 9 is a tool for widening the hole, to be connected like all 
end of the length of rods passed down the bore ; this tool has two cu S P 
tending on the sides at bottom, by which, as the tool is turned no* « the bo«h 
the earth is peeled away. Fig. 10 is a chisel, or punch, with a P r »J 
be used for penetrating through stone , this chisel is by r, sing -dWhugma, ^ 
Peck the stone and pulverise it; the small middle ^Tismothw chisel, or pinch- 
afterwards the broad part coming into action. 1 ig- por t.ou of 
ingtool, twisted on its cutting edge, which breaks away a gieatc P 
tbe stone as it beats against it. # ^ t j )e |> ore is formed, 
The manner of forcing down lengths of cast iion P'P e > ^ whieb a block b is 
| s shewn at fig. 12 ; a is the pipe in the socket, at t u ^ w hich a weight A 
inserted, and from this block a rod c extends upwau top of the bore, where 
s hdes. To the weight d cords are attached, reaching o w i,i c h by striking upon 
the workman alternately raises the weight and lets it > anf j w fien one length 
tbe block b beats down the pipe by a succession o * ^ i u troduced into the 
td pipe has by these means been forced down, auot ie 
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