64 Echin. 
XIV. ECHINODERMA. 
Synaptidae , restricted and rediagnosed (p. 291), quite a different diagnosis 
(p. 538), comprises Euapta , Chondroclaea, Synapta , Labidoplax, Pro- 
tankyra ; Perrier (254). 
Thyone briareus ; Gray (112). 7 T . (?) calcarea n. sp., Cod B., Trincomalee, 
*6 fm.j Pearson (250) p. 194, pi. i. T. (l)fusca n. sp., Back B., 
Trincomalee, 8-12 fm. ; Pearson (250) p. 192, pi. i. T. fusus ; 
Nichols (236) p. 243: Perrier (254) p. 510: var papuen&is , spicules ; 
Pearson (250) p. 191, pi. i. T. gadeana R. Pen*. 1898, C. St Vincent, 
106 m. descr., and first figd. ; Perrier (254) p. 510, pi. xxi. T. 
(?) hornelli n. sp., lagoon at Galle, Ceylon; Pearson (250) p. 193, pi. i. 
T. raphanus ; Nichols (236) p. 243. T. recurvata\ Howe (150). 
T. sacellus (Selenka, sub Stolus) incl. Stereoderma murrayi , spicules ; 
Pearson (250) p. 192, pi. i. 
Thyonidium anatinum n. sp., Wellington, N. Z., holotype In Mus. Hist. 
Nat. Paris; Perrier (255) p. 143, fig. T. dubeni , vide Phyllophorus 
d'i'ummondi . 
. Trochoderma elegans ; Norman (239) p. 417: Ostergren (244) p. 21. 
Trochostoma , diagnosis (p. 525), T. albicans , descr., sclerites figd., and a 
variation (p. 526, pi. xxii), T. blakei , descr., sclerites figd. (p. 525, 
pi. xxii); Perrier (254). T. boreale; Marenzeller (214) p. 564: 
Michailovskij (223) p. 522 : Mortensen (227) p. 89 : Norman (239) 
p. 411 : Ostergren (244) p. 11. 
Tutela echinata , syn. of Elpidia glacialis ; Perrier (254) p. 423. 
Ypsilothuria , nom. emend, pro Hypsilothuria , revised diagnosis, incl. 
Sphaerothuna Ludw. (p. 515), Y. attenuata ) descr. (p. 522), Y. talis- 
mani E. Perr. 1886, descr. (p. 518, pi. xii); Perrier (254). 
Zygothuria , diagnosed, with genotype Holothuria lactea (p. 321), Z. con- 
nectens R. Perr. 1898, Canaries and off C. Garnet, 1975-2518 m., 
redescr. (p. 327, pi. xvii), Z. lactea , and var. oxysclera , off’ Morocco, 
900-1300 m., redescr. (p. 322, pi. xvii); Perrier (254). 
(C). — ECHINOIDEA. 
Classification of Ech. : Subclass Palechinoidea , Orders Cystocidarida, 
Pothriocidarida, Perischoechimda. Subclass Euechinoidea. Ord. 1 
Regulares. A. Holostomata , Cidaridae , Echinothuridae. B. Glypho- 
stomata y Salenidae , Diadematidae , Echinidae. Ord. 2 Irregulares. 
A. Gnathostomata , Holectypidae, Co noclype idae, Clypeastriaae. B. 
Atelostomata } Cassidulidae , Holasteridae> Spatangidae ; Zittel (339) 
pp. 203-224. Classification of Ech. r characters available, and classifi- 
cation down to suborders, as already published in Bernard (20) Zool. 
Rec. 1893; Munier-Chalmas (232) pp. 30-36. General discussion of 
generic and specific characters, importance of pedicellariae and spicules, 
with revision of recent Cidaridae , Echinothuridae , Temnopleuridae , 
Echinometridae , Echinidae , and Toxopneustidae (qq. v) ; Mortensen 
(229). History of attempts to classify recent Ech. (pp. 1321-1338), 
adoption of a system based on Duncan, Gregory, and Mortensen 
(pp. 1339-1344) and special diagnoses of Orders, Families, and Genera 
of Regularia. down to Temnopleuridae , with lists of spp. (pp. 1339- 
1366); Meissner in Hamann (125) [for the scheme of classification, 
down to sub-famm., see Introduction]. 
Acanthocidaris n. g. of Cidaridae with genotype Cidaris curvatispinis 
Bell; Mortensen (229) pp. 29, 21. A. diagnosed; Meissner in 
Hamann (125) p. 1347. A. curvatispinis , pedicellariae; Mortensen 
( 229) p. 173. 
t Acrocidaris, diagnosis ; Savin (283) p. 180. A. bistriata n. sp., Bathonian ? 
near Figuig oasis, radioles, in Ecolo des Mines ; Gauthier (100) 
