44 Echin. 
XIV. ECHINQDERMA. 
[ 1905 ] 
lein (80) pp. 405-406.— Troost’s unpublished monograph on fossil 
crinoids of Tennessee ; Clarke (59) & Glenn (114) p. 79.— Account 
of S. A. Renier, Tavola alfabetica delle conchiglie adriatiche, espe- 
cially as bearing on Molluscan and Eohinoderm name Discoides ; 
Bather (19). 
iv. Historical, Popular notions, &c.:— History of opinion con- 
cerning axial organ; Pietsohmann (256). — History of discovery, 
Grin. ; Hamann (129) pp. 1442-1444. — Troost’s monogr. ; Clarke 
(59) and Glenn (114). 
Popular names at Skerries, Co. Dublin, Crossane for Uraster rubens , 
Morane for Ophiura albida ; Colgan (61) p. 213. — Popular names of 
the commoner New England Echinoderms; Clark (55).— Lapp names 
for Echinus , Asterias ; Qvigstad (264) pp. 386, 387.— Native names 
for HoL spp. in use in Malaysia ; Koningsberger (166) pp. 27-34, 
et passim. 
(F.) AUXOLOGY. 
i. General Principles : — Growth in general ; Przibram (262). — 
Different modes of development — poecilogony — in the same or closely 
allied species, how originating ; Giard (111) p. 621. 
ii. General Accounts (a) Life histories ; Davis (68) vi, p. 354, 
figg. (b) semi popular, in Dutch ; Koningsberger (166) pp. 13-18, 
pis. iv, v. 
iii. Formation of Gonads: — (a) Spermatozoa of Antedon, Brissopsis , 
Mesothuria ; Retzius (275). (b) Lining cells of genital caeca develop 
supporting cells and glandular cells which assist the nutrition of the 
gonads and the embryo, Phyllophorus ; Russo (283). (c) Glandular 
elements associated with spermatozoa in Strong ylocentrotus ; Russo 
(283). — Ovum of Paracentrotus , pigment ring and relations to axis, 
polarity of Ech. ovum ; Garbo>vski (107). (d) Maturation due to 
hunger of the ovum, ova of Astcracanthion ripened by removal from 
ovary ; Hertwig (137) p. 202. 
iv. Oviposition, Fertilisation, and Segmentation Time of 
breeding-season for Ilol. ; Koningsberger (166) pp. 19-22. — Breeding 
period of Asterina Jimbriata (p. 63), two breeding periods per annum 
in Cycethra verrucosa (p. 58) ; Ludwig (199). — Fertilisation, summary 
of recent work, esp. Bullor and Giardina ; Loisel (193). 
v. Larval Stages: — (a) M c Intosh (204). (c) Pigmentation of larva, 
its increase by hybridisation ; Garbowski (107) p. 613. — Rearing 
larvae of Echinus esculentus ; Woodland (344) p. 306. (d) Early 
stages of an Asterid with yolky eggs, anatomy, histology ; Hender- 
son (134). 
vi. Organogeny : — (c) Echinoidea : — (10) Origin of mesenchyme in 
Echinus , protoplasmic continuity of cells ; Woodland (344) p. 308. 
vii. Post-larval Growth -stage S : — (b) Increase in number of polian 
vesicles and stone-canals with age in Uolothuria ; Edwards (88). 
(c) Neanic Micraster coranguinum 11 to 50 mm. long, studied with 
reference to development of ambulacra, plastron, apical system, peri- 
proct, peristome, and fasciole ; Valette (324) p. 40. (d) Young 
stages of Pararchaster pectinifer (p. 16), of Archaster typicus (p. 63), 
Asterina cepheus (p. 157), Zoroaster (p. 177), Z. longispinus (p. 183) ; 
Ludwig (197): of Asterodon, Odontaster y Porania , Cycethra , Asterina; 
Ludwig (199). (e) Young stages of various Oph., see list of 
genera iii, a, iii ; Koehler (160). 
